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Cockpit Views

2019-10-30T18:05:56Z

Nanne118: /* Default keybindings */

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The guides on this page are focused on how to utilise the various ways that DCS can display your cockpit: you can use Snap Views to temporarily jump to a certain part of the cockpit (such as the radar screen) or edit the view limits of your cockpit to be able to zoom in more on your front dashboard in the cockpit, or be able to lean more to the left.

__TOC__

== Snap Views ==

'''Snap views''' allow you to set a preset view position in the cockpit, that you can then access at the press of a button. This can be an incredibly useful tool to create custom views that you can quickly for your radar / targeting screens; even for those with headtracking / VR setups this can be a valuable addition to your workflow in the cockpit.

Please note that by default the snap views are enabled, but they are not bound to any keys in the default bindings. That means that if you wish to use any of up to 10 snap views, you first have to allocate a key to do so. Snap Views are module specific to my knowledge, so you can have a ton of allocated Snap Views without having to worry about interfering with any of your other modules' Snap Views. Rebinding any Snap View saves it permanently for use in all sessions afterwards (even if you shutdown DCS).

To do this go to the 'adjust controls' menu, and go to the '''View Cockpit''' tab for your appropriate module. It lists the selected module (for example, 'FA-18C Sim') and then lists the subsection of that modules controls ('All', 'Sensors', 'View' and 'View Cockpit'). We want to go to view cockpit.

Please note that this menu also has the controls for manipulating the in-cockpit view (such as look up, zoom in, rotate left): if you do not own a headtracking solution (such as a VR headset or TrackIR) you may wish to familiarize yourself with these bindings and/or rebind them to a more easily accessible button on your keyboard / joystick / HOTAS. We will need these view controls in a second to get to our view that we wish to save as a snap view.

=== Default keybindings ===

The keybinds that are of particular interest to us in the '''View Cockpit''' tab are
;Save Cockpit Angles
;[default= Right Alt + Numpad 0]
: This allows you to save the current view to the last accessed Snap View:

;Snap Views (0 through 9)
;[default= Left Windows + Numpad 0 (0 through 9)]
: This allows you to access any snap view: you can use cockpit view toggle to select if you have to hold down the keybind or press it

;Snap View 5
;[default= Left Windows + Numpad 5]
: This keybind is the default view for any cockpit (ie in the pilots chair) and should ''preferably'' not be rebound!

;Cockpit View Toggle
;[default= Right Control + Numpad 0]
: This toggle switches between having to hold down the Snap View key combination to view the Snap View associated, or having to press it once to 'toggle' this Snap View.

=== Custom Snap View(s) ===

By pressing one of these Snap View keybinds brings you to the default Snap View that is setup for that module: in my experience these are usually less then useful, so it is worth redoing them yourself for a more pleasant experience.

To alter a default Snap View first press the Snap View key that you wish to change: we are going to change the Snap View 6 (accessed by pressing Right Alt + Numpad 6) as an example. The game now remembers this as your last selected snap view, and pressing '''Save Cockpit Angles [default= Right Alt + Numpad 0]''' will bind your current view to this Snap View.

Lets say we want to have Snap View 6 [default= Left Windows + Numpad 6] to be our HUD display:
1. Move your camera in the cockpit (using the appropriate keybinds for moving the cockpit view or using our headtracking solution) and manipulate the cockpit zoom [default= Numpad forward slash '/' and Numpad asterisk '*'] until we are satisfied with the view we are going to save to a Snap View.
2. Now press the keybind for Snap View 6 [default= Left Windows + Numpad 6] to briefly show Snap View 6 so that we have selected this Snap View to redefine to our position
3. Now press the keybind for Save Cockpit Angles [default= Right Alt + Numpad 0] to save our current view to Snap View 6 (as this is our last selected Snap View, and thus will be redefined).

== Cockpit View Limits ==

The ability to move your head in the cockpit is restricted to a certain area to enforce realism and avoid game breaking. For example, in the default situation is it impossible for your head to clip through the canopy of the aircraft, but this also imposes limited accessibility of many of the outside regions of the cockpit that you could (realistically) access with your head.

Via altering the Views.lua file (found in each module's own file directory) we can adjust these limits to suit our needs and give us a more accessible cockpit head movement area. For example, it will allow us to lean further to the left and right, as well as zoom in further on our instruments on the dashboard.

=== Prepared file to modify your view limits ===

[https://forums.eagle.ru/showpost.php?p=3639285&postcount=39| This modified server.lua, kindly created and made available to us by Rudel_CH] can be placed into the following folder, and after which a restart of DCS (if you have it open) all the view limits will be adjusted to allow a more open head movement area in the cockpits. This server.lua file needs to be placed at the path:
\C:\Users\''Nanne118'' (your pc name goes here)\Saved Games\DCS(.openbeta)\Config\View\

=== Manually adjusting cockpit view limits ===

[https://forums.eagle.ru/showthread.php?t=187155| Per the original source of this altering cockpit views article by '''Rudel_chw'''], we will be adjusting the cockpit view for the F-5E Tiger 2 module. I would recommend you read the original article for the excellent work done by this person.

For adjusting the view limits of the Flaming Cliffs 3, A-10C, KA-50, Su-25T, and P-51D we will want to copy over and adjust the file Server.lua to our Saved games directory. '''DO NOT EDIT YOUR STOCK FILES'''. The default location for the the Server.lua file is at
\DCS World (OpenBeta)\Config\View\
but again, we want to copy it over: if you leave it in place and alter it at the default location you will fail the integrity check (so you cannot play online), and it will also be overwritten if DCS has an update. '''DO NOT EDIT YOUR STOCK FILES'''. Instead, we want to move this server.lua file to our Saves Game directory, at
\C:\Users\''Nanne118'' (your pc name goes here)\Saved Games\DCS(.openbeta)\Config\View\

The line you will want to edit is the line ''''limits_6DOF'''', which will have an x value denoting the limits back to front (aft-forward axis), an y value which denotes the limits from top to bottom (vertical axis), and an z value denoting the movement limits of our head side to side. To increase the overall area that you can move your head in, you will have to alter the limits as you desire; unfortunately this has to be done via trial and error as there is no direct feedback, save from booting up DCS and trying it out in the cockpit.

If we want to edit one of the other modules (the FA-18C, the F14, the F-5E) we first have to copy over the server.lua as mentioned above. We then have to go to each specific modules folder location and open the specific module 'Views.lua' file. These are located in
\DCS World (OpenBeta)\Mods\aircraft\F-5E(modulename)\

We have to copy over the 'ViewSettings' part of the 'Views.lua' file, which should be placed in to the server.lua file we copied to our \Saved Games\DCS(.openbeta)\Config\View\ directory earlier. Please note that to copy this text over into the 'server.lua' we have to create an appropriate structure within the server.lua file in our Saved Games directory.

[[File:F5_viewlimits_whattocopy.png|thumb|left|Which text to copy over]]
[[File:F5_in_server_lua.PNG|thumb|right|After copying over the F5 cockpit section into the server.lua file]]

Please reference the images above how the end result should look, but here is what to add: the line before your copied text should read
ViewSettings["F-5E-3"] = {
and the line after your copied text should have an additional curly bracket '}' to close off this section correctly.

As you may notice in the images, I have copied the F5 view limits from the original post on the forums as they were quite comfortable for me to work with in the cockpit. However, with some trial and error you should be able to also create your own head tracking area limits to suit your needs if you follow the guide above.

Cockpit Views

2019-10-30T18:05:41Z

Nanne118: /* Default keybindings */

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The guides on this page are focused on how to utilise the various ways that DCS can display your cockpit: you can use Snap Views to temporarily jump to a certain part of the cockpit (such as the radar screen) or edit the view limits of your cockpit to be able to zoom in more on your front dashboard in the cockpit, or be able to lean more to the left.

__TOC__

== Snap Views ==

'''Snap views''' allow you to set a preset view position in the cockpit, that you can then access at the press of a button. This can be an incredibly useful tool to create custom views that you can quickly for your radar / targeting screens; even for those with headtracking / VR setups this can be a valuable addition to your workflow in the cockpit.

Please note that by default the snap views are enabled, but they are not bound to any keys in the default bindings. That means that if you wish to use any of up to 10 snap views, you first have to allocate a key to do so. Snap Views are module specific to my knowledge, so you can have a ton of allocated Snap Views without having to worry about interfering with any of your other modules' Snap Views. Rebinding any Snap View saves it permanently for use in all sessions afterwards (even if you shutdown DCS).

To do this go to the 'adjust controls' menu, and go to the '''View Cockpit''' tab for your appropriate module. It lists the selected module (for example, 'FA-18C Sim') and then lists the subsection of that modules controls ('All', 'Sensors', 'View' and 'View Cockpit'). We want to go to view cockpit.

Please note that this menu also has the controls for manipulating the in-cockpit view (such as look up, zoom in, rotate left): if you do not own a headtracking solution (such as a VR headset or TrackIR) you may wish to familiarize yourself with these bindings and/or rebind them to a more easily accessible button on your keyboard / joystick / HOTAS. We will need these view controls in a second to get to our view that we wish to save as a snap view.

=== Default keybindings ===

The keybinds that are of particular interest to us in the '''View Cockpit''' tab are
;Save Cockpit Angles
;[default= Right Alt + Numpad 0]
: This allows you to save the current view to the last accessed Snap View:

;Snap Views (0 trough 9)
;[default= Left Windows + Numpad 0 (0 through 9)]
: This allows you to access any snap view: you can use cockpit view toggle to select if you have to hold down the keybind or press it

;Snap View 5
;[default= Left Windows + Numpad 5]
: This keybind is the default view for any cockpit (ie in the pilots chair) and should ''preferably'' not be rebound!

;Cockpit View Toggle
;[default= Right Control + Numpad 0]
: This toggle switches between having to hold down the Snap View key combination to view the Snap View associated, or having to press it once to 'toggle' this Snap View.

=== Custom Snap View(s) ===

By pressing one of these Snap View keybinds brings you to the default Snap View that is setup for that module: in my experience these are usually less then useful, so it is worth redoing them yourself for a more pleasant experience.

To alter a default Snap View first press the Snap View key that you wish to change: we are going to change the Snap View 6 (accessed by pressing Right Alt + Numpad 6) as an example. The game now remembers this as your last selected snap view, and pressing '''Save Cockpit Angles [default= Right Alt + Numpad 0]''' will bind your current view to this Snap View.

Lets say we want to have Snap View 6 [default= Left Windows + Numpad 6] to be our HUD display:
1. Move your camera in the cockpit (using the appropriate keybinds for moving the cockpit view or using our headtracking solution) and manipulate the cockpit zoom [default= Numpad forward slash '/' and Numpad asterisk '*'] until we are satisfied with the view we are going to save to a Snap View.
2. Now press the keybind for Snap View 6 [default= Left Windows + Numpad 6] to briefly show Snap View 6 so that we have selected this Snap View to redefine to our position
3. Now press the keybind for Save Cockpit Angles [default= Right Alt + Numpad 0] to save our current view to Snap View 6 (as this is our last selected Snap View, and thus will be redefined).

== Cockpit View Limits ==

The ability to move your head in the cockpit is restricted to a certain area to enforce realism and avoid game breaking. For example, in the default situation is it impossible for your head to clip through the canopy of the aircraft, but this also imposes limited accessibility of many of the outside regions of the cockpit that you could (realistically) access with your head.

Via altering the Views.lua file (found in each module's own file directory) we can adjust these limits to suit our needs and give us a more accessible cockpit head movement area. For example, it will allow us to lean further to the left and right, as well as zoom in further on our instruments on the dashboard.

=== Prepared file to modify your view limits ===

[https://forums.eagle.ru/showpost.php?p=3639285&postcount=39| This modified server.lua, kindly created and made available to us by Rudel_CH] can be placed into the following folder, and after which a restart of DCS (if you have it open) all the view limits will be adjusted to allow a more open head movement area in the cockpits. This server.lua file needs to be placed at the path:
\C:\Users\''Nanne118'' (your pc name goes here)\Saved Games\DCS(.openbeta)\Config\View\

=== Manually adjusting cockpit view limits ===

[https://forums.eagle.ru/showthread.php?t=187155| Per the original source of this altering cockpit views article by '''Rudel_chw'''], we will be adjusting the cockpit view for the F-5E Tiger 2 module. I would recommend you read the original article for the excellent work done by this person.

For adjusting the view limits of the Flaming Cliffs 3, A-10C, KA-50, Su-25T, and P-51D we will want to copy over and adjust the file Server.lua to our Saved games directory. '''DO NOT EDIT YOUR STOCK FILES'''. The default location for the the Server.lua file is at
\DCS World (OpenBeta)\Config\View\
but again, we want to copy it over: if you leave it in place and alter it at the default location you will fail the integrity check (so you cannot play online), and it will also be overwritten if DCS has an update. '''DO NOT EDIT YOUR STOCK FILES'''. Instead, we want to move this server.lua file to our Saves Game directory, at
\C:\Users\''Nanne118'' (your pc name goes here)\Saved Games\DCS(.openbeta)\Config\View\

The line you will want to edit is the line ''''limits_6DOF'''', which will have an x value denoting the limits back to front (aft-forward axis), an y value which denotes the limits from top to bottom (vertical axis), and an z value denoting the movement limits of our head side to side. To increase the overall area that you can move your head in, you will have to alter the limits as you desire; unfortunately this has to be done via trial and error as there is no direct feedback, save from booting up DCS and trying it out in the cockpit.

If we want to edit one of the other modules (the FA-18C, the F14, the F-5E) we first have to copy over the server.lua as mentioned above. We then have to go to each specific modules folder location and open the specific module 'Views.lua' file. These are located in
\DCS World (OpenBeta)\Mods\aircraft\F-5E(modulename)\

We have to copy over the 'ViewSettings' part of the 'Views.lua' file, which should be placed in to the server.lua file we copied to our \Saved Games\DCS(.openbeta)\Config\View\ directory earlier. Please note that to copy this text over into the 'server.lua' we have to create an appropriate structure within the server.lua file in our Saved Games directory.

[[File:F5_viewlimits_whattocopy.png|thumb|left|Which text to copy over]]
[[File:F5_in_server_lua.PNG|thumb|right|After copying over the F5 cockpit section into the server.lua file]]

Please reference the images above how the end result should look, but here is what to add: the line before your copied text should read
ViewSettings["F-5E-3"] = {
and the line after your copied text should have an additional curly bracket '}' to close off this section correctly.

As you may notice in the images, I have copied the F5 view limits from the original post on the forums as they were quite comfortable for me to work with in the cockpit. However, with some trial and error you should be able to also create your own head tracking area limits to suit your needs if you follow the guide above.

F-16C

2019-10-03T15:26:44Z

Nanne118: throttle controls

{{ModuleInfo
|modulename=F-16C
|modulethumb=F-16C Flying.png
|guidelink=https://www.digitalcombatsimulator.com/en/downloads/documentation/viper_early_access_guide_en/
|storelink=https://www.digitalcombatsimulator.com/en/shop/modules/viper/
|trailerlink=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8QfANpD0GHY
}}

<div class="alert alert-info" role="alert">
This page is focused on the DCS World F-16C module; see [[Falcon BMS]] for BMS related info.
</div>

The '''F-16C Fighting Falcon''', often called the '''Viper''', is a single-engine multi-role fighter jet airplane. The F-16 was created by General Dynamics (now Lockheed Martin) and operated by the United States Air Force and numerous other militaries. Despite the "F" (fighter) designation, it is designed for both air-to-air and air-to-ground missions and can use an array of weapons and sensors; built into the Viper is a 20mm cannon as well as a multifunction radar. The DCS F-16C models a Block 50 aircraft with the new F110-GE-129 engine and the Common Configuration Implementation Program (CCIP) avionics upgrade.

=Weapons List=
==Implemented==
Partially or fully implemented weapons of the F-16C Viper:

* BDU-33, BDU-50LD/HD Training Bombs
* Mk-82LDGP, Mk-82AIR, Mk-84LDGP
* CBU-87 CEM, CBU-97 SFW
* 2.75” LAU-68, LAU-131 Rockets
* AIM-9L/M/P/X Sidewinder
* AIM-120B/C AMRAAM
* M61A1 20mm Cannon
* GBU-10, GBU-12

==Planned==
Weapons not yet implemented into the Viper:

* CBU-103, CBU-105 Cluster Bombs
* AGM-65D/G/H/K Maverick
* AGM-88C HARM
* GBU-24
* BRU-57/A
* GBU-31/A, GBU-38/B JDAM
* AGM-154A/B JSOW
* ALE-50 Towed Decoy

=HOTAS=
----
The Fighting Falcon's hands on throttle and stick (HOTAS) system is designed to allow the pilot to manipulate important avionics functions without releasing the hands from the throttle or control stick. This section will provide a summarized description of all HOTAS controls - detailed functionality will be described in other appropriate sections.

==Control Stick==
[[File:F-16_Side_Stick_Controller.jpg|thumb|500px]]

The control stick is a side-mounted stick used to manipulate the Flight Control System (FLCS), but also has numerous other HOTAS controls. The stick is mostly stationary and uses pressure sensitivity to be manipulated; it does, however, move a small physical distance to give tactile movement response to the pilot.
*'''Trim Switch:''' The Trim Switch commands pitch (up/down) and roll (left/right) trim to the FLCS.
*'''Display Management Switch (DMS):''' The Display Management Switch (DMS) is used for avionics display manipulation and to assign the [[#Sensor of Interest|Sensor of Interest]].
**'''Forward:''' Sensor of Interest assigned to HUD/HMCS
**'''Aft:''' Sensor of Interest assigned and cycles between the left and right MFDs
**'''Left:''' Cycles three configured quick access pages on the left MFD from right to left
**'''Right:''' Cycles three configured quick access pages on the right MFD from left to right
*'''Target Management Switch (TMS):''' The Target Management Switch (TMS) manipulates various sensors depending on what is the Sensor of Interest.
**'''Forward'''
***HUD SOI: When an A/G bomb is selected, designates SPI in DTOS/EO.
***FCR SOI: Commands SAM in RWS mode or commands BORE scan in ACM
***TGP SOI: Commands point track
***WPN SOI: Commands track
***HSD SOI: Designate active waypoint
**'''Aft'''
***HUD/FCR/WPN SOI: Target reject
***HSD SOI: Drop
**'''Left'''
***FCR SOI: Expanded data
***TGP/WPN SOI: Toggles seeker polarity
**'''Right'''
***FCR SOI: Steps bugged track in TWS or commands HUD scan in ACM
***TGP SOI: Commands area track
**'''Right, 1.1s'''
***FCR SOI: Toggles TWS and RWS mode

==Throttle==
[[File:F-16_Throttle.jpg|thumb|500px]]

The throttle for the F-16 is mounted on the left side, thought it is not rail-mounted to the side of the fuselage as its appearance would suggest. Instead the throttle pivots on its mounted location to the panel. It has the following HOTAS controls:
*'''Communications Switch (Radio)'''
**'''Forward (VHF)''': keys up the VHF radio on the selected frequency for talking to JTAC, ATC, and other land/sea based assets
**'''Aft (UHF)''': keys up the UHF radio on the selected frequency for communication to air assets, such as flight members, AWACS or refueling aircraft
**'''Left (Out) [short press]''': Toggles on and off datalink symbology on the multifunction displays
**'''Left (Out) [long hold]''': Commands a datalink update
**'''Right (In)''': Transmits the current air-to-ground target over datalink
*'''Manual Range / Uncage Switch''': this switch controls the range for air-to-air guns, uncages the missiles or zooms the TGP depending on the selected SOI and master mode
*'''Antenna Elevation''': This dial wheel (with center detent) controls the radar antenna elevation, allowing you to slew the radar up or down to adjust the radar focus accordingly
*'''Dogfight / Missile Override'''

*'''Speedbrake'''
**'''Forward''' this position locks in place and retracts the airbrake
**'''Aft''' this temporary position extends the airbrake as long as the switch is held in place, keeping it there after release
*'''Cursor Control / Enable'''
**'''Slewing''' This allows you to manipulate the currently selected sensor (SOI), such as the radar or TGP
**'''Click'''
*'''Black-out Switch'''

=Flight Controls & Landing Gear=
----
==Flight Controls==
The F-16C has multiple flight control surfaces for maneuvering the aircraft. It has a "fly-by-wire" (FBW) system, which, opposed to a traditional mechanical or "direct" control system, the inputs given by the cockpit controls are inputted to a computer which then decides what controls to move in order to accomplish the desired maneuver. This computerized system is called the Flight Control System (FLCS, pronounces "flickus"). The FLCS also moves surfaces as a function of the angle of attack to provide the best control.

The F-16C's primary flight controls are:

* '''Stabilators:''' Two "stabilators" (stabilizer + elevator) located at the tail move on a single axis independently of one another to control both pitch and roll of the aircraft.
* '''Ailerons:''' Two normal ailerons located on the outer area of the wings to control roll of the aircraft. They also both droop down to add lift.
* '''Rudder:''' A single vertical rudder to control yaw.
* '''Leading Edge Flaps:''' Normal slats located on the leading (front) edge of the wings to add lift.
* '''Trailing Edge Flaps:''' Normal flaps located on the trailing (back) edge of the wings to add lift.

The control stick controls the stabilators, ailerons, and rudder and the rudder pedals control the rudder. The control stick mainly focuses on using force sensing for feedback, not to be confused for force feedback.

==Speedbrake==
The speedbrake is a set of four retractable flaps on the back of the aircraft on either side of the engine, used to provide drag to decelerate faster. It is activated via the speed brake switch on the throttle. There are three positions - aft is momentary, the others are permanent.
* '''Aft''': Speedbrake will extend as long as it is held.
*'''Center:''' The speedbrake is neither retracted nor extended.
* '''Forward''': The speed brake retracts as long as it is in this position.

==Landing Gear==
===Nosewheel Steering===
With weight off wheels, it is disengaged. It automatically engages upon there being weight on wheels. NWS is disengaged manually via the paddle switch on the stick.

=Digital Systems Overview=
----
The F-16's avionics are interfaced with via two Multifunction Displays (MFDs), the Upfront Controls consisting of the Integrated Control Panel (ICP) the Data Entry Display (DED), and the head-up display (HUD)/helmet mounted cueing system (HMCS). The [[#HOTAS|hands on throttle and stick]] (HOTAS) system of the aircraft is also used for manipulating these systems, which is detailed in its own section and the sections relevant to specific HOTAS uses.

==Sensor of Interest==
In the F-16, either the HUD/HMCS, the left MFD, or the right MFD is the designated Sensor of Interest, or "SOI." The SOI is used to dictate what HOTAS buttons do what function. The SOI is changed via the Display Management Switch (DMS) on the stick - forward will assign SOI to the HUD/HMCS while aft will cycle SOI between the left and right MFDs. If an MFD is SOI, a white border around it is displayed. If the HUD is SOI, an asterisk is put in the upper left corner.

==Multifunction Displays==
The F-16 has two Multifunction Displays (MFDs) on the left and right sides of the cockpit: each has 5 option select buttons (OSBs) on all four sides. The MFDs can display various software pages to manipulate the aircraft's avionics. Up to three pages per MFD can be selected on either MFD for quick access via pushbutton or HOTAS. These three pages always occupy the bottom center three pushbutton areas. In addition to these, a universal declutter (DCLT) button is provided, which will declutter the symbology depending on the page, and a SWAP button, which simply swaps the two MFD's quick access pages and selected page.

Selecting any of the three pushbuttons once they have already been selected prompts the main page menu. Any page can then be selected and will be filled at that pushbutton. That page can then be selected by either pressing the corresponding pushbutton or using the Display Management Switch (DMS) on the stick, and it will be highlighted. TMS LEFT and RIGHT respectively cycle the three quick access pages on the left/right MFDs in an outward fashion.

==HUD==
==HMCS==
==UFC==
===ICP===
===DED===

=Air-to-Air Radar=
----
The F-16C is equipped with the AN/APG-68 pulse Doppler radar. This section will cover its air-to-air (A/A) functionality for surveillance of aircraft and to provide A/A weapon systems guidance in engaging aerial targets. The A/A radar is accessed from the Fire Control Radar (FCR) page. This section will provide an overview of the Fire Control Radar page in Combined Radar Mode (CRM) and Air Combat Maneuvering (ACM) mode; these are the two air-to-air main modes of the FCR.

==FCR Page Overview==
The Fire Control Radar page is presented in an azimuth over range format with the aircraft at the bottom center of the display. The range axis is displayed in a vertical format, where higher range is higher on the physical MFD screen. Azimuth is horizontal, where something at the center of the display is directly in front of the ownship aircraft, and accordingly left/right of it when left/right of the display center.
#'''Radar Mode''' - This option allows for the selection of the A/A Combined Radar Mode (CRM) or Air Combat Maneuvering (ACM) mode, as well as any of the A/G radar modes (which is not covered in this section).
#'''Sub-mode Selection''' - In CRM, this toggles between the Range While Search (RWS) and Track While Scan (TWS) modes. In ACM, this toggles between the Boresight (BORE), 10° x 60° (60), and 30°x 20° (20) modes. These may alternatively be selected with the Target Management Switch (TMS) on the stick: TMS Right for more than 1.1 seconds will toggle between RWS/TWS in CRM, while in ACM TMS forward commands BORE, down commands 60, and right commands 20.
#'''Expanded Display''' - ...
#'''Override''' - ...
#'''Control''' - ...
#'''Azimuth Caret''' - This vertical "T" shaped indication indicates the current location of the radar antenna with respect to azimuth (left/right) of the aircraft. The azimuth is usually centered on a bearing relative to the aircraft itself except when in Situational Awareness Mode (SAM) or Single Target Track (STT). The tick marks each indicates 10° azimuth, with the center tick being 0° (60° left/right is the physical maximum).
#'''Elevation Caret''' - This horizontal "T" shape indicates the current vertical elevation of the radar with respect to the horizon. The radar elevation is always stabilized to the horizon. The elevation is shifted up and down via the Antenna Elevation Knob on the throttle and may also change automatically as a result of the bar setting.. Each blue tick mark indicates 10° above or below the horizon, with the middle tick being the horizon.
#'''Azimuth Setting''' - The radar horizontal azimuth setting is set here. The number displayed is the left/right azimuth (i.e. half of the total) in tens of degrees (6=60°, total 120°). The azimuth may be set to 10°, 30°, or 60°.
#'''Bar Setting''' - The radar antenna may automatically change position after each azimuth sweep to scan multiple elevations or "bars." The bar number corresponds to the number of different elevations scanned. The first bar is always the manually set elevation with the Antenna Elevation Knob, while the second and fourth bars are automatic and based off the manual setting of the first bar.
#'''Range Scale''' - The scale of the FCR page may be set with these two arrows. The number represents the maximum range it displays in nautical miles. This setting is only what the page displays; the radar will always scan to the farthest distance possible. The available options are 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 nautical miles. Slewing the Acquisition Cursor to the bottom of the display will decrease the range while slewing up will increase the range, as a means of HOTAS range control.
#'''Acquisition Cursor''' - This is a cursor controlled with the Cursor/Enable Switch on the throttle, used for acquiring tracks and contacts into either Single Target Track or Situational Awareness Mode. Two numbers are displayed to the right indicating the maximum and minimum altitudes in thousands of feet the radar can see at the point the cursor is placed; this naturally changes with the elevation setting.
#'''Horizon Line''' - This line is always aligned with the horizon and indicates the roll of the aircraft. It provides no indication of pitch.
#'''BRA to Bullseye''' - This arrow indicates the bearing from the aircraft to the bullseye. The number within indicates the bearing to the bullseye, while the number underneath indicates the bearing from the bullseye to the aircraft (the reciprocal).
#'''Steerpoint''' - The current steerpoint is indicated by this "wedding cake" shape.
#'''Scan Limit Lines''' - When the scan azimuth is, under any circumstance, less than 60° two blue lines indicate the area covered with the current azimuth setting.

==CRM Submodes==
===Range While Search (RWS)===
Range While Search (RWS) provides the largest scan volume selection available and is used for surveillance primarily, although also generate trackfiles and may be used for target engagement when beyond visual range.
#'''Raw Contacts''' - "Raw" radar contacts are displayed as hollow squares. As a contact 'ages' (the time passed since it has been swept over by the antenna), it visually fades and will eventually disappear. These are the raw returns of the radar, and as such multiple raw contacts may be a single aerial target.

===Track While Scan (TWS)===
''Not yet implemented.''

===Situational Awareness Mode (SAM)===
==ACM Submodes==
==Single Target Track (STT)

==A/A Radar HUD Indications==

F-16C

2019-10-03T15:10:38Z

Nanne118: Control stick image

{{ModuleInfo
|modulename=F-16C
|modulethumb=F-16C Flying.png
|guidelink=https://www.digitalcombatsimulator.com/en/downloads/documentation/viper_early_access_guide_en/
|storelink=https://www.digitalcombatsimulator.com/en/shop/modules/viper/
|trailerlink=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8QfANpD0GHY
}}

<div class="alert alert-info" role="alert">
This page is focused on the DCS World F-16C module; see [[Falcon BMS]] for BMS related info.
</div>

The '''F-16C Fighting Falcon''', often called the '''Viper''', is a single-engine multi-role fighter jet airplane. The F-16 was created by General Dynamics (now Lockheed Martin) and operated by the United States Air Force and numerous other militaries. Despite the "F" (fighter) designation, it is designed for both air-to-air and air-to-ground missions and can use an array of weapons and sensors; built into the Viper is a 20mm cannon as well as a multifunction radar. The DCS F-16C models a Block 50 aircraft with the new F110-GE-129 engine and the Common Configuration Implementation Program (CCIP) avionics upgrade.

=Weapons List=
==Implemented==
Partially or fully implemented weapons of the F-16C Viper:

* BDU-33, BDU-50LD/HD Training Bombs
* Mk-82LDGP, Mk-82AIR, Mk-84LDGP
* CBU-87 CEM, CBU-97 SFW
* 2.75” LAU-68, LAU-131 Rockets
* AIM-9L/M/P/X Sidewinder
* AIM-120B/C AMRAAM
* M61A1 20mm Cannon
* GBU-10, GBU-12

==Planned==
Weapons not yet implemented into the Viper:

* CBU-103, CBU-105 Cluster Bombs
* AGM-65D/G/H/K Maverick
* AGM-88C HARM
* GBU-24
* BRU-57/A
* GBU-31/A, GBU-38/B JDAM
* AGM-154A/B JSOW
* ALE-50 Towed Decoy

=HOTAS=
----
The Fighting Falcon's hands on throttle and stick (HOTAS) system is designed to allow the pilot to manipulate important avionics functions without releasing the hands from the throttle or control stick. This section will provide a summarized description of all HOTAS controls - detailed functionality will be described in other appropriate sections.

==Control Stick==
[[File:F-16_Side_Stick_Controller.jpg|thumb|500px]]

The control stick is a side-mounted stick used to manipulate the Flight Control System (FLCS), but also has numerous other HOTAS controls. The stick is mostly stationary and uses pressure sensitivity to be manipulated; it does, however, move a small physical distance.
*'''Trim Switch:''' The Trim Switch commands pitch (up/down) and roll (left/right) trim to the FLCS.
*'''Display Management Switch (DMS):''' The Display Management Switch (DMS) is used for avionics display manipulation and to assign the [[#Sensor of Interest|Sensor of Interest]].
**'''Forward:''' Sensor of Interest assigned to HUD/HMCS
**'''Aft:''' Sensor of Interest assigned and cycles between the left and right MFDs
**'''Left:''' Cycles three configured quick access pages on the left MFD from right to left
**'''Right:''' Cycles three configured quick access pages on the right MFD from left to right
*'''Target Management Switch (TMS):''' The Target Management Switch (TMS) manipulates various sensors depending on what is the Sensor of Interest.
**'''Forward'''
***HUD SOI: When an A/G bomb is selected, designates SPI in DTOS/EO.
***FCR SOI: Commands SAM in RWS mode or commands BORE scan in ACM
***TGP SOI: Commands point track
***WPN SOI: Commands track
***HSD SOI: Designate active waypoint
**'''Aft'''
***HUD/FCR/WPN SOI: Target reject
***HSD SOI: Drop
**'''Left'''
***FCR SOI: Expanded data
***TGP/WPN SOI: Toggles seeker polarity
**'''Right'''
***FCR SOI: Steps bugged track in TWS or commands HUD scan in ACM
***TGP SOI: Commands area track
**'''Right, 1.1s'''
***FCR SOI: Toggles TWS and RWS mode

=Flight Controls & Landing Gear=
----
==Flight Controls==
The F-16C has multiple flight control surfaces for maneuvering the aircraft. It has a "fly-by-wire" (FBW) system, which, opposed to a traditional mechanical or "direct" control system, the inputs given by the cockpit controls are inputted to a computer which then decides what controls to move in order to accomplish the desired maneuver. This computerized system is called the Flight Control System (FLCS, pronounces "flickus"). The FLCS also moves surfaces as a function of the angle of attack to provide the best control.

The F-16C's primary flight controls are:

* '''Stabilators:''' Two "stabilators" (stabilizer + elevator) located at the tail move on a single axis independently of one another to control both pitch and roll of the aircraft.
* '''Ailerons:''' Two normal ailerons located on the outer area of the wings to control roll of the aircraft. They also both droop down to add lift.
* '''Rudder:''' A single vertical rudder to control yaw.
* '''Leading Edge Flaps:''' Normal slats located on the leading (front) edge of the wings to add lift.
* '''Trailing Edge Flaps:''' Normal flaps located on the trailing (back) edge of the wings to add lift.

The control stick controls the stabilators, ailerons, and rudder and the rudder pedals control the rudder. The control stick mainly focuses on using force sensing for feedback, not to be confused for force feedback.

==Speedbrake==
The speedbrake is a set of four retractable flaps on the back of the aircraft on either side of the engine, used to provide drag to decelerate faster. It is activated via the speed brake switch on the throttle. There are three positions - aft is momentary, the others are permanent.
* '''Aft''': Speedbrake will extend as long as it is held.
*'''Center:''' The speedbrake is neither retracted nor extended.
* '''Forward''': The speed brake retracts as long as it is in this position.

==Landing Gear==
===Nosewheel Steering===
With weight off wheels, it is disengaged. It automatically engages upon there being weight on wheels. NWS is disengaged manually via the paddle switch on the stick.

=Digital Systems Overview=
----
The F-16's avionics are interfaced with via two Multifunction Displays (MFDs), the Upfront Controls consisting of the Integrated Control Panel (ICP) the Data Entry Display (DED), and the head-up display (HUD)/helmet mounted cueing system (HMCS). The [[#HOTAS|hands on throttle and stick]] (HOTAS) system of the aircraft is also used for manipulating these systems, which is detailed in its own section and the sections relevant to specific HOTAS uses.

==Sensor of Interest==
In the F-16, either the HUD/HMCS, the left MFD, or the right MFD is the designated Sensor of Interest, or "SOI." The SOI is used to dictate what HOTAS buttons do what function. The SOI is changed via the Display Management Switch (DMS) on the stick - forward will assign SOI to the HUD/HMCS while aft will cycle SOI between the left and right MFDs. If an MFD is SOI, a white border around it is displayed. If the HUD is SOI, an asterisk is put in the upper left corner.

==Multifunction Displays==
The F-16 has two Multifunction Displays (MFDs) on the left and right sides of the cockpit: each has 5 option select buttons (OSBs) on all four sides. The MFDs can display various software pages to manipulate the aircraft's avionics. Up to three pages per MFD can be selected on either MFD for quick access via pushbutton or HOTAS. These three pages always occupy the bottom center three pushbutton areas. In addition to these, a universal declutter (DCLT) button is provided, which will declutter the symbology depending on the page, and a SWAP button, which simply swaps the two MFD's quick access pages and selected page.

Selecting any of the three pushbuttons once they have already been selected prompts the main page menu. Any page can then be selected and will be filled at that pushbutton. That page can then be selected by either pressing the corresponding pushbutton or using the Display Management Switch (DMS) on the stick, and it will be highlighted. TMS LEFT and RIGHT respectively cycle the three quick access pages on the left/right MFDs in an outward fashion.

==HUD==
==HMCS==
==UFC==
===ICP===
===DED===

=Air-to-Air Radar=
----
The F-16C is equipped with the AN/APG-68 pulse Doppler radar. This section will cover its air-to-air (A/A) functionality for surveillance of aircraft and to provide A/A weapon systems guidance in engaging aerial targets. The A/A radar is accessed from the Fire Control Radar (FCR) page. This section will provide an overview of the Fire Control Radar page in Combined Radar Mode (CRM) and Air Combat Maneuvering (ACM) mode; these are the two air-to-air main modes of the FCR.

==FCR Page Overview==
The Fire Control Radar page is presented in an azimuth over range format with the aircraft at the bottom center of the display. The range axis is displayed in a vertical format, where higher range is higher on the physical MFD screen. Azimuth is horizontal, where something at the center of the display is directly in front of the ownship aircraft, and accordingly left/right of it when left/right of the display center.
#'''Radar Mode''' - This option allows for the selection of the A/A Combined Radar Mode (CRM) or Air Combat Maneuvering (ACM) mode, as well as any of the A/G radar modes (which is not covered in this section).
#'''Sub-mode Selection''' - In CRM, this toggles between the Range While Search (RWS) and Track While Scan (TWS) modes. In ACM, this toggles between the Boresight (BORE), 10° x 60° (60), and 30°x 20° (20) modes. These may alternatively be selected with the Target Management Switch (TMS) on the stick: TMS Right for more than 1.1 seconds will toggle between RWS/TWS in CRM, while in ACM TMS forward commands BORE, down commands 60, and right commands 20.
#'''Expanded Display''' - ...
#'''Override''' - ...
#'''Control''' - ...
#'''Azimuth Caret''' - This vertical "T" shaped indication indicates the current location of the radar antenna with respect to azimuth (left/right) of the aircraft. The azimuth is usually centered on a bearing relative to the aircraft itself except when in Situational Awareness Mode (SAM) or Single Target Track (STT). The tick marks each indicates 10° azimuth, with the center tick being 0° (60° left/right is the physical maximum).
#'''Elevation Caret''' - This horizontal "T" shape indicates the current vertical elevation of the radar with respect to the horizon. The radar elevation is always stabilized to the horizon. The elevation is shifted up and down via the Antenna Elevation Knob on the throttle and may also change automatically as a result of the bar setting.. Each blue tick mark indicates 10° above or below the horizon, with the middle tick being the horizon.
#'''Azimuth Setting''' - The radar horizontal azimuth setting is set here. The number displayed is the left/right azimuth (i.e. half of the total) in tens of degrees (6=60°, total 120°). The azimuth may be set to 10°, 30°, or 60°.
#'''Bar Setting''' - The radar antenna may automatically change position after each azimuth sweep to scan multiple elevations or "bars." The bar number corresponds to the number of different elevations scanned. The first bar is always the manually set elevation with the Antenna Elevation Knob, while the second and fourth bars are automatic and based off the manual setting of the first bar.
#'''Range Scale''' - The scale of the FCR page may be set with these two arrows. The number represents the maximum range it displays in nautical miles. This setting is only what the page displays; the radar will always scan to the farthest distance possible. The available options are 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 nautical miles. Slewing the Acquisition Cursor to the bottom of the display will decrease the range while slewing up will increase the range, as a means of HOTAS range control.
#'''Acquisition Cursor''' - This is a cursor controlled with the Cursor/Enable Switch on the throttle, used for acquiring tracks and contacts into either Single Target Track or Situational Awareness Mode. Two numbers are displayed to the right indicating the maximum and minimum altitudes in thousands of feet the radar can see at the point the cursor is placed; this naturally changes with the elevation setting.
#'''Horizon Line''' - This line is always aligned with the horizon and indicates the roll of the aircraft. It provides no indication of pitch.
#'''BRA to Bullseye''' - This arrow indicates the bearing from the aircraft to the bullseye. The number within indicates the bearing to the bullseye, while the number underneath indicates the bearing from the bullseye to the aircraft (the reciprocal).
#'''Steerpoint''' - The current steerpoint is indicated by this "wedding cake" shape.
#'''Scan Limit Lines''' - When the scan azimuth is, under any circumstance, less than 60° two blue lines indicate the area covered with the current azimuth setting.

==CRM Submodes==
===Range While Search (RWS)===
Range While Search (RWS) provides the largest scan volume selection available and is used for surveillance primarily, although also generate trackfiles and may be used for target engagement when beyond visual range.
#'''Raw Contacts''' - "Raw" radar contacts are displayed as hollow squares. As a contact 'ages' (the time passed since it has been swept over by the antenna), it visually fades and will eventually disappear. These are the raw returns of the radar, and as such multiple raw contacts may be a single aerial target.

===Track While Scan (TWS)===
''Not yet implemented.''

===Situational Awareness Mode (SAM)===
==ACM Submodes==
==Single Target Track (STT)

==A/A Radar HUD Indications==

F-14A/B

2019-10-03T15:05:59Z

Nanne118: fixed top gun link

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{{ModuleInfo
|modulename=F-14A/B
|modulethumb=F-14 HB Oman.jpeg
|guidelink=http://www.heatblur.se/F-14Manual/index.html
|storelink=https://www.digitalcombatsimulator.com/en/shop/modules/tomcat/
|trailerlink=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P_FCuMAl8oA
}}

<div class="alert alert-info" role="alert">
'''NOTE:''' This guide is currently under a work-in-progress (WIP) state. If you have any information pertaining to the topics or feedback, please relay them over to Sirius#0002 on Discord, or in the Hoggit Discord #wiki-discussion channel. Thanks!

This page is focused on the DCS World F-14A/B Tomcat module, which is still in Early Access. Some information may be missing.
</div>

The Grumman '''F-14A/B''' Tomcat is a two-seat, twin-engine supersonic variable wing-sweep fighter aircraft. The F-14 was the first US fighter jet with twin tails and was the largest & heaviest US fighter to ever fly from an aircraft carrier. The reason that the F-14 was so incredibly large and heavy was that it carried the large AWG-9 radar and accompanying AIM-54 Phoenix (air-to-air) missiles: this very capable combination allowed the F-14 to make shots of up to 200 nautical miles at the bad guys. Also, being big means you can carry a lot of fuel!

Of course, the practical range of the AWG-9 is rather more limited, especially if you are shooting at more maneuverable fighter-sized targets, but even at these closer ranges, the AIM-54 Phoenix is still a capable missile that should not be underestimated. The F-14 is also capable of carrying an array of air-to-ground weapons, such as dumb bombs in both high and low drag forms, air-to-ground Zuni rockets and even laser-guided bombs, which can be self-designated using the LANTIRN targeting pod on the F-14.

Most people will recognize and adore the F-14 because of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Top_Gun its stardom presence in that one weird volleyball movie from the '80s ]. Its on-screen presence in movies will make the F-14 to appear docile and easy to fly, but due to lack of a fly-by-wire the F-14 can be a real handful: it being a pilot's aircraft however makes it fun to fly and learn. The analogous nature of the F-14 (comparable to the F-5E II Tigershark) will give you a good knowledge of the airplane over time but requires a bit of a different mindset that the computerized flight of the F/A-18C and the F-15.

__TOC__

=Weapons List=
----
==Implemented==
Partially or fully implemented weapons of the F14/A/B Tomcat:
* M61 Vulcan Six-Barreled Gatling Gun
* AIM-7M/F Sparrow
* CAP/AIM-9M Sidewinder
* AIM-54A Phoenix Mk. 60
* AIM-54C Phoenix Mk. 47
* Mk-81, 82, 83, and 84
* GBU-10, 12, 16, and 24
* MK-20 Rockeye
* Zuni Rockets
* BDU-33 Practice Bombs
* ADM-141 TALD
* LUU-2 Parachute Flare
* Smokewinder
* LANTIRN Pod
* FPU-1 Fuel Tank

==Planned==
Weapons not yet implemented into the Tomcat:
* TARPS Pod

=Hands On Throttle And Stick (HOTAS)=
----
==Throttle==
[[File:throttle.png|thumb|500px]]
The throttle of the F-14 Tomcat consists of 2 quadrants, both for the left and right engines. There is an afterburner detent along with a cutoff detent for maximum throttle and shutdown of the engine for each quadrant.

The throttle has the following controls:
# '''Speed Brake Switch:''' 2-position switch. "EXT" is a momentary and needed input position that extends the speed brake outward depending on the aircraft speed.
# '''Wing Sweep Switch:''' 4-way hat switch. "AUTO" sets the wing to sweep automatically determined by an onboard computer, "BOMB" sets the wing to sweep in an angled position between fully extended and retracted and dependent on speed for the air-to-ground bombing.
# '''PLM Button:''' multifunction button. When the steering command is in A2A mode, this acts as a pilot lock-on tool for the AWG-9 radar. But when used for landing and/or in the LDG steering command mode, this allows for disengagement of the ACLS.
# '''CAGE/SEAM Button:''' multifunction button. When the steering command is in A2A mode, this allows for CAGE/SEAM lock-on of the AIM-9 Sidewinder. But when used for landing and/or in the LDG steering command mode, this allows for disengagement of the APC.
# '''Exterior Light Switch:''' 2-position switch. Used to toggle the exterior lights of the aircraft.
# '''ICS PTT Switch:''' 2-position switch. Acts as a push-to-talk system for the ICS system inside of the aircraft used between the Pilot and RIO. (or JESTER AI)

==Control Stick==
[[File:stick.png|thumb|500px]]
The control stick is located in the center of the cockpit, mounted onto the floor. Left and right movements of the control stick direct hydraulic movement to the spoilers and horizontal stabilizers of the aircraft. Forward and backward movement result to respectively the same but to the horizontal stabilizers.

The control stick has the following controls:
# '''Bomb Release Button:''' single-purpose button for free fall weapons (bombs). When pressed in A2G steering command mode, all pylons selected with bombs will release respective of the ripple settings, type, and interval.
# '''Trim Hat:''' 4-way hat switch. Upward movement moves the aircraft downward, and downward movement moves the aircraft upward. Both left and right movements follow to their directions according to their name.
# '''Weapon Select Hat:''' 4-way hat switch. Bottom selection is OFF, and a ridge requires a momentary push action to move in/out of to GUN. Following all to the top are SW, then SP/PH which requires a momentary push action to switch between.
# '''DLC & Maneuver Flap Command Wheel:''' scrollable dial. Moving it with the landing gears fully deployed acts as a variable control for spoiler extension. With the landing gears up, the dial also acts the same but for flaps and slats.
# '''DLC Engage/Disengage & CMS Dispense Button:''' multifunction button. When pressed with the landing gears fully deployed, this controls the engagement and disengagement of the DLC system. But with the landing gears fully retracted, this allows for pilot control of the CMS system.
# '''Autopilot Reference & NWS Button:''' multifunction button. When the aircraft is up in the air, this controls specific autopilot settings. But when the aircraft is on the ground, this controls the activation of the nosewheel steering system.
# '''Autopilot Emergency Disengage Paddle:''' multifunction button. Disengages all autopilot modes and DLC and releases all autopilot switches and roll and pitch SAS switches to OFF position.
# '''Weapon Firing Trigger:''' two-stage trigger switch for forward firing weapons (rockets, missiles, guns). The first detent enables CTVS and gun camera. Second detent releases selected forwards firing the weapon.

=Flight Controls & Landing Gear=
----
==Flight Controls==
[[File:Wheels-flaps.png|thumb|500px]]
The F-14B has a large hydraulic system which covers for all of the control surfaces of the aircraft. Without the hydraulic system, or taking damage the controls are in risk of improperly working. The F-14 Tomcat was the last of its generation to have no integration of an FBW or FCS system, which was introduced with the F-15 Eagle.

The F-14's primary flight controls are:
* '''Left Spoilers (LES):''' A set of spoilers that lie within the left wing of the aircraft that help with aileron movement and control that react opposite of the intended direction.
* '''Right Spoilers (RES):''' A set of spoilers that lie within the right wing of the aircraft that help with aileron movement and control that react opposite of the intended direction.
* '''Tailerons (TAIL):''' Two horizontal stabilizers located on the rear end of the aircraft that control both pitch and aileron movement.
* '''Leading Edge Flaps (LEF):''' Normal slats located on the leading (front) edge of the wings to add lift.
* '''Trailing Edge Flaps (TEF):''' Normal flaps located on the trailing (back) edge of the wings to add lift.

The control stick controls the stabilators, ailerons, and rudder and the rudder pedals control the rudder.

===Flaps System===
The aircraft's flap system provides more lift (and as a byproduct, drag). The flaps lever has two positions:
* '''NONE:''' This applies no flap whatsoever to the wings of the aircraft.
* '''FULL:''' This applies full movement of flaps to the wings of the aircraft.

The flaps lever allows for variable movement, which gives the pilot the ability to control the amount of flap they wish for.

===Speed Brake===
The speed brake is 2 flaps located on the end of the aircraft designed to provide drag to decelerate faster. It is activated via the speed brake switch on the throttle. The two positions are:
* '''EXT:''' When the switch is moved aft, this extends the speed brake of the aircraft out depending on the airspeed.
* '''RET:''' When the switch is moved forward, this retracts the speed brake.

===Trim===
The tailerons are capable of being trimmed to make roll and pitch corrections. This is accomplished with the trim hat on the controls stick. When the autopilot system is engaged, the onboard computer will attempt to make active trim movements in order to keep the aircraft within the specified attitude when set, along of the setting parameters. As speed is either gained or lost, the trim will actively move the stick as well along of the tailerons to adapt.

===Wing Sweep===
The wings of the aircraft are a variable-sweep design allowing for automatic or manual movements from pilot input on the right throttle quadrant. Similar to wing fold, the wings are able to be overswept from its maximum position through a master reset of the system in order to allow tighter space and closer parking on the carrier deck.

==Landing Gear==
The F-14 Tomcat has 3 retractable landing gears: the nose gear, the left gear, and the right gear. The gear is moved via the gear lever on the left side of the cockpit. In the up position, the gear will retract. In the down position, the gear will extend. The gear lever cannot be put up with weight on wheels. The gear will not retract with the launch bar extended.

===Nosewheel Steering===
The nose gear features nosewheel steering (NWS) controlled by the rudder pedals. With the weight off of the wheels, it is disengaged. It automatically engages upon there being the weight on wheels. NWS is disengaged manually via the button on the stick.

===Launch Bar===
On the front nosegear is a launch bar that attaches the airplane to a catapult from launches from an aircraft carrier. Its deployment is pilot-controlled, but it is connected to the catapult by the ground crew (DCS default binding is U).

It is controlled via the launch bar switch on the left upper console. When the switch in the RETRACT position, the launch bar will retract, but physically cannot do so when connected to the catapult. The switch will move to the RETRACT position automatically when there is a weight off wheels. In the EXTEND position, the launch bar will extend if there is the weight on wheels.

=Autopilot and Autothrottle=
----
The F-14 Tomcat has the ability to automate certain types of flight via its Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS) and Automatic Throttle Control (ATC). The AFCS, or simply the autopilot, control the flight surfaces and the ATC controls the throttles.

==AFCS==
[[File:afcs.png|thumb|500px]]
The Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS), or just the "autopilot", controls the aircraft's flight controls to automate maneuvering. It is interfaced on the autopilot panel via the A/P engage switch. On the autopilot panel, there are 7 modes able to be toggled:
# '''Pitch Stabilizer Augmentation:''' 2-position switch. This switch controls the ability for the pitch to be augmented for dampening.
# '''Roll Stabilizer Augmentation:''' 2-position switch. This switch controls the ability for the roll to be augmented for dampening.
# '''Yaw Stabilizer Augmentation:''' 2-position switch. This switch controls the ability for the yaw to be augmented for dampening.
# '''VEC/PCD/ACL Switch:''' 3-position switch. This switch controls the remote control modes of autopilot with the steering bars and ACLS.
# '''ALT Switch:''' 2-position switch.' This switch controls the ability to maintain the current altitude when autopilot is engaged.
# '''HDG/GT Switch:''' 3-position switch. This switch controls the ability to maintain the current heading when autopilot is engaged.
# '''ENGAGE Switch:''' 2-position switch. This switch engages and disengages the autopilot.

==ATC==
The automatic throttle control (ATC), or just "autothrottle", controls the physical throttles and thereby automated thrust control. ATC is toggled via ATC engage/disengage switch next to the throttle. When the ATC is engaged, the physical means of the throttle quadrants will begin to move on their own. However, whenever the pilot makes any new movement to the throttle whatsoever, the ATC will disengage to allow pilot control over both of the engines. The ATC is primarily used for landing on a carrier along with the ACLS system. ATC will disengage upon front wheel contact on a hard surface, such as an aircraft carrier deck or runway.

=Digital Systems Overview=
----
[[File:displays.png|thumb|500px]]
==Pilot==
The F-14 Tomcat comes with 2 digital display screens in the Pilot cockpit:
* '''Vertical Display Indicator (VDI):''' a multifunction display that allows for the pilot to see their HUD in a form of a repeater, and the [[#Television Camera Set|TCS]].
* '''Horizontal Situation Display Indicator (HSD):''' a multifunction display that allows for the pilot to see their virtual compass for navigation modes, and the [[#AWG-9 Pulse-Doppler Radar|AWG-9 Radar]] from the RIO TID as a repeater.

===Heads Up Display===
The head-up display (HUD) is a projected display at the front of the cockpit that serves as the primary flight instrument. It also provides various indications for weapon delivery; this section will cover the HUD's indications in NAV master mode. Master mode/weapon-specific indications on the HUD will be covered in the relevant section.

====Reject Modes====
Via the switches next to the TO button on the displays panel, you are able to "declutter" or remove information off of the HUD.

==Radar Intercept Officer==
The Radar Intercept Officer (RIO) comes with 3 digital display screens in the RIO cockpit:
* '''Detail Data Display (DDD):''' a dual-purpose display that allows for the RIO to see contacts on the [[#AWG-9 Pulse-Doppler Radar|radar]], based on the range and radar mode.
* '''Tactical Information Display (TID):''' a multi-purpose display that allows for the RIO to see their [[#AWG-9 Pulse-Doppler Radar|AWG-9]] situational awareness, [[#Television Camera Set|TCS]], [[#TARPS Pod|TARPS]] and [[#LANTIRN Targeting Pod|LANTIRN]] pods.
* '''Horizontal Situation Display Indicator (HSD):''' a multi-purpose display as to the one in the pilot cockpit.

==Master Modes==
The F-14 Tomcat has 5 primarily modes for information displayed. The 5 master modes are:
* '''TO:''' switch. Displays takeoff information on HUD and VDI for degrees.
* '''CRUISE:''' single-purpose button. Displays in-air flight information on HUD and VDI for degrees.
* '''A/A:''' single-purpose button. Displays air-to-air information on HUD and VDI for degrees; and weapon employment.
* '''A/G:''' single-purpose button. Displays air-to-ground information on HUD and VDI for degrees; and weapon employment.
* '''LDG:''' single-purpose button. Displays landing information on HUD and VDI for degrees.

Additionally, the F-14 Tomcat has an Air Combat Maneuver (ACM) panel which controls all air-to-air and air-to-ground aspects for armament.

=Navigation=
----
The F-14 Tomcat has an inertial navigation system (INS) that allows the pilot to navigate by internal gyros aligned. However, due to the fault of having no GPS assistance, these gyros slowly drift over time and cause misalignment for visual information.

==HSD==
[[File:Hsd.png|thumb|500px]]
The Horizontal Situation Display Indicator (HSD) is the primary interface with the airplane's navigation systems. The HSI can be accessed from the bottom display screen. The basic function of the HSI is a rotating compass with a looking-from-above perspective. The controls for this screen are:
# '''BRT Control:''' dial. Controls the brightness of the HSD screen.
# '''HDG Control:''' dial. Controls the heading reference in TACAN mode.
# '''CRS Control:''' dial. Controls the course heading reference in MAN and TACAN modes.
# '''Test Button:''' single-purpose button. Resets the HSD screen if overload protection activates.
# '''BIT Indicator:''' light. Shows a white light if a failure produces in the HSD.

=== Steering Commands ===
The HSD comes with a set of 5 different steering commands, which each have their own purpose towards displaying certain information:
* '''TACAN:''' single-purpose button. Displays information based off of a radio beacon with range and direction.
* '''DEST:''' single-purpose button. Displays information off of a selected waypoint from the RIO with range and direction.
* '''AWL/PCD:''' single-purpose button. Displays information off of an ICLS frequency with azimuth and elevation bars (on VDI and HUD)
* '''VEC:''' single-purpose button. ? (needs more info.)
* '''MAN:''' single-purpose button. Displays information off of an entered heading (HDG Control) with direction.

==Waypoints==
The F-14B comes with an onboard flight computer system that handles waypoint navigation during in-air flight. The navigation system in the F-14B Tomcat gives a variety of waypoint holders, along with information for a set home plate.

===Pilot===
For the F-14B pilot, the waypoint information is able to be accessed by the DEST steering command and by using the NAV HSD display mode.

===Radar Intercept Officer===
For the F-14B Radar Intercept Officer, (RIO) the waypoints must be manually assigned by the RIO through the Computer Address Panel (CAP) system under the TAC DATA category. Once done, the waypoint must be selected through the CAP and entered in with coordinates similar to how INS alignment procedures are done.

==TACAN==
Tactical Air Navigation (TACAN) is a military radio navigation system. A TACAN beacon allows for an aircraft to determine its bearing and range from it, and using this information can navigate. TACAN's may be ground-based or be broadcasted by an airplane. TACAN channels have two bands, X and Y, and range from 1-126. 2 TACAN channels may be set present in the aircraft by both the Pilot and RIO for simultaneous use.

The TACAN setting knobs give a range of these options:
*'''T/R:''' Transmit and receive. Gets bearing and range from the TACAN.
*'''RCV:''' Receive. Gets bearing from the TACAN.
*'''A/A:''' Air-to-air TACAN mode.
*'''X:''' Tunes the selected frequency on the X band.
*'''Y:''' Tunes the selected frequency on the Y band.

==ICLS==
For night and low visibility operations, aircraft carriers have an Instrument Carrier Landing System (ICLS) to allow for instrument approaches to the carrier. ICLS provides horizontal and vertical guidance. The F-14 is equipped with ICLS.

To activate the airplane's ICLS antenna, an ICLS dial is present to the right of the warning lights advisory panel, with an ARA on/off switch, used to toggle power to the system.

When ILS is selected on the HSI, two bars, one horizontal and one vertical, appear near the velocity vector on the HUD. These indicate a vertical and horizontal deviation from the optimal glideslope (3°) and course to the deck. When they are both aligned with the velocity vector (making a "+"), the aircraft is on course.

==ACLS==
For CAT III conditions and poor visibility, the F-14 is equipped with the Automatic Carrier Landing System (ACLS) to allow an automatic flight to the carrier via. a radio-guided input from a Landing Signal Officer. (LSO) The auto-throttle and autopilot systems must be engaged and present during the time of activation with this system, along with lights given to the left of the VDI display.

Datalink is required between the aircraft and the carrier in order for ACLS to work. When the best position of the azimuth and glideslope bars are within parameters, the nosewheel steering button is pressed in order to engage guidance.

==Navigation Failures==
The F-14B has a variety of navigation failures that may/can occur, including methods to fix them.

===Navigation Fix Update===
An error of latitude or longitude in the computer position of the aircraft can be corrected by a navigation fix update. Updating is especially important in the backup modes (AHRS AM and IMU/ AM) because of the estimated winds and magnetic variation changes. A nav fix is done via a ground-reference-point (latitude and longitude) position. The range and bearing of this position to the present aircraft position are used to update or correct existing values. The nav system may be updated by either a radar fix, a TACAN fix, or a visual fix.

Before performing a nav fix, the latitude and longitude of the desired update point (radar, TACAN, or visual) must be stored in one of eight navigation point locations (three WPs, FIX PT, HOME BASE, HOST AREA, DEF PT, and IP). This data can be stored prior to flight by data link or by manual insertion. Then follow these steps:

# Hook the Waypoint you choose to select for the nav fix.
# Check the stored latitude and longitude on the TID.
# Rotate the CATEGORY switch to NAV and select the desired type of update.

Note that updating the position while in INS, and to a lesser degree while in IMU, can introduce a greater navigational position error than already present, in particular, if radar fix is used to update the nav system. Updates with a visual or TACAN fix provide reasonable accuracy (assuming a good MAG VAR during TACAN updates). Updating your nav system via a nav fix should be primarily used in the AHRS mode.

===Radar Fix Update===
An RDR FIX may be selected before or after positioning the DDD cursors. If the RDR FIX button is depressed, the computer computes the present position of the aircraft by measuring the range and bearing from the selected point. The delta between the computer position and the position determined by the INS is then displayed on the TID. If the entry of this delta into the navigation computations is desired, press the FIX ENABLE button. If the delta does not appear to be correct, the computer and the readout can be cleared by pressing the RDR FIX button. The fix may then be attempted again. The RIO should also perform periodic checks of own aircraft system altitude and update the altitude if necessary.

Radar updating is performed as follows:

# TID CURSOR/CAP - Hook Desired Navigation Point for Update.
# PULSE SRCH button - Depress.
# On sensor control panel: STAB switch - IN. EL BARS switch - 1. AZ SCAN switch - As Desired.
# RDR FIX button - Depress.
# DDD CURSOR button - Depress.
# Action switch - Half Action (first detent).
# Cursor is displayed on DDD.
# Manipulate hand control DDD cursor over desired ground map point.
# Action switch - Full Action and Release. (This will cause the DDD cursor to remain at the selected position.
# Observe the delta for LAT and LONG on TID.
# If readouts are unsatisfactory, deselect RDR FIX and repeat steps 4 through 12.
# FIX ENABLE button - Depress.

===TACAN Update===
To perform a nav fix by TACAN requires that a restored waypoint shares identical LAT and LONG values with the TACAN station that will be used for the fix. Select the TACAN channel for the desired station and verify by listening to the coded identifier tone in the headset.

Press the TACAN FIX button to update the aircraft position from a TACAN station. The WCS computer then calculates the own aircraft position error based on the range and bearing from the TACAN station. The delta is then entered in the same manner as with a radar fix.

Perform a TACAN fix following these steps:

# Select a TACAN channel whose latitude and longitude correspond to an update point.
# Hook desired update point (WAYPT 1, FIX PT, HOME BASE, etc.).
# CATEGORY switch - NAV.
# TACAN FIX button - Depress.
# Observe present position delta readout.
# If delta is unsatisfactory, deselect TACAN FIX and repeat steps 2 through 7.
# FIX ENABLE button - Depress.

===Visual Update===
To perform a visual fix, fly over a restored waypoint and press the VIS FIX button. Estimate your timing, because the aircraft nose and fuselage can obscure the fixed point during an overflight. It is also difficult to estimate when directly overhead a waypoint if the aircraft altitude is greater than 10.000 feet. The delta for the visual fix is displayed on the TID. Enter the delta by pressing FIX ENABLE.

To perform a visual fix use the following steps:

# Hook desired update point (WAY PT, HB, IP, etc.).
# Select NAV category on CAP.
# Overfly the selected restored point and when over the point, depress the VIS FIX button on the cap.
# If the delta is not satisfactory, press VIS FIX again to clear the delta and repeat from step 1.
# If a satisfactory delta is displayed, depress the FIX ENABLE button; this causes the delta correction of own-aircraft position to be inserted into the computer.

===Datalink Update===
To perform a data link update of the aircraft INS to the TDS frame of reference, the aircraft and TDS must share a prebriefed waypoint, identical in latitude and longitude. Enter this LAT/LONG data into the HOST AREA pseudo target file. The TDS will uplink the common reference point as a data link waypoint. When the aircraft and TDS INS systems agree, the data link waypoint and host area symbols will be superimposed on the TID. If they drift apart, the two pseudo targets on the TID will drift as well.

To perform an update via data link, use the following steps:

# Hook data link waypoint corresponding prebriefed reference point.
# Select NAV category on CAP.
# Overfly the hooked data link waypoint. When immediately over the point, press VIS FIX button on CAP.
# Observe delta LAT and LONG on TID.
# If deltas are satisfactory and update is desired, depress FIX ENABLE.
# After a data link update, HOST AREA and data link waypoint should be superimposed on the TID again.

===Fighter-to-Fighter Navigation Update===
Net aircraft that use fighter-to-fighter data link can update their navigation system in the FF/DL mode. To update LAT/LONG hook the net aircraft symbol of an aircraft that is in close proximity and select F/F NAV UPDATE on the CAP. This will enter the hooked aircraft’s coordinates into the INS as own-aircraft coordinates. To update the nav system on an aircraft that is not close, first obtain a radar STT on that aircraft, hook the STT-ed aircraft on the TID and then press F/F NAV UPDATE on the CAP.

=Defensive Systems=
----
The F-14B is equipped with various defensive systems: the AN/ALE-39 Countermeasure Dispensing System (CMDS), for the release of chaff and flares, the AN/ALQ-126 Deception ECM (DECM), for jamming enemy radar, and the AN/ALR-67 Radar Warning Reciever (RWR), for detection of enemy radar emitters and missile launches.

==AN/ALR-67 RWR==
[[File:alr-67.png|thumb|400px]]
The AN/ALR-67 Radar Warning Receiver (RWR) provides the Hornet the ability to detect radars via the radio/microwave radiation they emit.

===Audio Tones===
Accompanying the RWR are various audio feedback tones:
*'''Single Beep:''' A new ground- or sea-based emitter has been detected.
*'''Double Beep:''' A new airborne emitter has been detected.
*'''Repeating Beep:''' An emitter is tracking.
*'''Faster Repeating Beep:''' An emitter is guiding a missile or is a missile.

On the RWR gauge, the RWR knob will control the volume of the RWR tones.

===Emitter Identifiers===
''This list is, at present, not complete.''
{|class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
!Type
!RWR ID
|-
|U
|Unknown
|-
|M
|Active radar-homing missile
|-
|S
|Search radar
|-
|3
|SA-3 "Goa"
|-
|6
|SA-6 "Gainful"
|-
|8
|SA-8 "Gecko"
|-
|10
|SA-10 "Grumble"
|-
|11
|SA-11 "Gadfly"
|-
|11
|F-111 Aardvark
|-
|12
|SA-12 "Gladiator"
|-
|13
|SA-13 "Gopher"
|-
|13
|C-130 Hercules
|-
|14
|F-14 Tomcat
|-
|15
|F-15 Eagle
|-
|15
|SA-15 "Gauntlet"
|-
|16
|F-16 Fighting Falcon
|-
|17
|C-17 Globemaster III
|-
|18
|F/A-18 Hornet
|-
|22
|Tu-22 "Blinder"
|-
|23
|MiG-23 "Flogger"
|-
|24
|Su-24 "Fencer"
|-
|25
|MiG-25 "Foxbat"
|-
|29
|MiG-29 "Fulcrum"
|-
|29
|Su-27 "Flanker"
|-
|29
|Su-33 "Flanker-D"
|-
|30
|Su-30 "Flanker-C"
|-
|31
|MiG-31 "Foxhound"
|-
|34
|Su-34 "Fullback"
|-
|39
|Su-25M "Frogfoot"
|-
|40
|''Spruance''-class destroyer
|-
|48
|''Nimitz''-class carrier
|-
|49
|''Oliver Hazard Perry''-class frigate
|-
|50
|A-50 "Mainstay"
|-
|52
|B-52 Stratofortress
|-
|76
|IL-76 "Candid"
|-
|78
|IL-78 "Midas"
|}

==AN/ALE-39 CMDS==
[[File:f14 cms.png|thumb|500px]]
The AN/ALE-39 is the countermeasures dispensing set installed in the F-14B in this simulation. It controls its own set of launchers located between the engine nozzles on the underside of the so-called beaver-tail. The launchers each have two sections, one containing 10 cartridges and the other 20. They are referred to the left and right dispensers even though the left is really the front one and the right the back one with both being mounted inline on the left side of the tailhook. This is a remnant from the earliest model F-14s carrying the AN/ALE-29.

This all sums up to a capacity of 60 cartridges in the system with each section necessarily holding one type of cartridges meaning that any combination of cartridges is possible as long as each type’s quantity is a multiple of 10. The system itself has no real knowledge of what is loaded where so incorrectly programming the system can lead to the wrong type of cartridge being ejected.

===Cockpit Controls===
The system itself can be operated manually from the control panel in the RIO pit or the DLC thumbwheel on the pilot stick when the flaps lever is in the up position. It is also capable of running programmed sequences of ejection which in turn can be initiated manually by the RIO from the control panel or the direction hats mounted on the handhold over the DDD. In addition, the AN/ALR-67 can also initiate the chaff ejection program if set up correctly on the AN/ALE-39 control panel.

==AN/ALQ-126 DECM==
The AN/ALQ-126 deception jammer is designed to detect radar threats, analyze them, select the optimum countermeasure technique available and apply it. Available techniques for jamming are amongst others, main lobe blanking, inverse con-scan, range-gate pull-off and swept square modes. In DCS this is modeled as a simple noise jammer due to engine limitations but controlled by the DECM logic as to when it’s on or off.

===Cockpit Controls===
The controls for the AN/ALQ-126 DECM are all located on the right horizontal panel in the RIO pit, the panel as the image above. In addition, there are two indication lights co-located with the RWR threat indicators on the right side of the TID. The mode selector knob controls power and operational mode that the system is in. The modes for the DECM are as follows:

* '''OFF:''' turns off power to the system. STBY begins pre-warming of the system, taking in all-around 5 minutes.
* '''TEST HOLD 3 SEC:''' is used to prepare the system for BIT, after 3 seconds in this mode, turn the knob to TEST - ACT.
* '''TEST ACT:''' starts the BIT in the system. The BIT takes approximately 30 seconds and the RCV light will be illuminated the whole time while the XMIT light will flash twice. If the STANDBY light illuminates it indicates that a no-go condition exists in the system.
* '''REC:''' enables the system to receive the only mode, enabling analyzation of threats and also the threat audio.
* '''RPT:''' enables full system functionality, in addition to REC it also now tries to jam threats according to the selected method.

=Television Camera Set=
----
[[File:tcs_symbology.png|thumb|500px]]
The F-14B is outfitted with the ALQ-100 Television Camera Set (TCS) pod, used for visually identifying aircraft during the time of which IFF was not a trusted/more inferior method to confirming hostile aircraft and to keep track of their position, as well as their living status.

==Symbology==
On the TID, in non-TV mode, a TCS track is indicated by a 1.5” strobe at TCS LOS azimuth with a hollow circle at the end.

The symbology on the video feed from the TCS has indicators for the FOV and two crosshairs indicating TCS LOS relative own aircraft, GACH, and AN/AWG-9 radar LOS relative TCS LOS, RACH. Additionally, the track window is indicated by 4 small squares representing each corner of that window.

The gimbal angle crosshairs or GACH, which is a solid cross, indicate deflection of the TCS LOS from the aircraft datum line, ADL. GACH crosshair in the center indicates TCS LOS along ADL and deflection towards the edges indicate deflection towards the gimbal limits with the video edges being maximum deflection.

RACH or radar angle crosshairs, a dashed crosshair, indicate radar antenna LOS when inside the current TCS FOV. When the sensors slave to one another RACH and GACH will coincide creating a single solid crosshair.

The track window indicates the area that the TCS contrast tracker is currently locked on to if it has acquired a target. When not in an active track these squares collapse into the center of the display being 2% of the screen width when in manual mode and 5% when in an auto mode.

=LANTIRN Targeting Pod=
----
[[File:flir.png|thumb|500px]]
The F-14B can carry the AN/AAQ-14 Low Altitude Navigation and Targeting Infrared For Night (LANTIRN) targeting pod. This pod consists of a Forward-Looking Infrared (FLIR) camera (which also includes a digital charged coupled device camera) for target locating and observing, a Laser Target Designator/Ranger for firing a laser that both designates targets for laser-homing weapons and gathers ranging information for designating whatever the FLIR is pointed at as an air-to-ground, and a Laser Spot Tracker (LST) which can search for and track a laser, allowing for the FLIR to be cued onto an offboard (ground or air-designated) laser from another unit and then designate a Target off said point; this allows for most effective buddy-lasing. The targeting pod can be used in both air-to-ground and air-to-air functions, but the LTD/R and LST are only used for A/G operation.

==Symbology==
The following areas on the LANTIRN are to represent:
# '''A/C Position Data:''' Displays aircraft LAT/LON, altitude, and groundspeed information.
# '''LANTIRN Polarity:''' Displays white or hot background. AGC is for automatic gain control, MGC is for manual gain control.
# '''LANTIRN Information:''' Gives general information on the pod. SR is for slant range, AZ/EL for azimuth/elevation of sight, and rest is UTC time.
# '''LANTIRN Track Mode:''' Displays the current tracking mode. A/A is for air-to-air, A/G is for air-to-ground. Right side is for current selected weapon.
# '''Track Data:''' Displays information of LAT/LON and altitude of where the sight is at.
# '''Track:''' Displays the hairs for point and area track, and what the sight is directly pointed at.
# '''Launch Envelopes:''' The top tape is for the heading relative of the aircraft to the track. The right side tape is for the release point.

=TARPS Pod=
----
Not yet implemented.

=Air-to-Air Radar=
----
==Detail Data Display==
[[File:f14 ddd.png|thumb|500px]]
Among the 3 digital displays, the Detail Data Display gives the RIO information about contacts from the AWG-9 radar in terms of range and radar mode, with respect to the notch filter.

===Notch Filter===
The AWG-9 radar in the F-14B Tomcat has a notch filter when using the pulse-doppler radar modes under certain conditions. These conditions include, but are not limited to:

* ~100 knot difference of the aircraft relative to contact
* Contact flying 90 degrees perpendicular CW/CCW to aircraft
* Masking with ground terrain scan return

There is a rough line shown in the radar modes, likewise of the jamming lobe, for when considering the notch filter that the contact will disappear from.

==Tactical Information Display==
[[File:f14 tid.png|thumb|500px]]
The Tactical Information Display (TID) gives the RIO of the F-14B the main information on the AWG-9 radar, including situational awareness, range, altitude, and contact heading.

===Display Modes===
The TID comes with a total of 8 display modes available, that can be toggled either on or off for purposes of gathering more information or decluttering:

* '''RID DISABLE:''' ? needs more info. Not yet implemented.
* '''ALT NUM:''' Displays the altitude of contact with a singular digit rounded to the nearest thousand.
* '''SYM ELEM:''' Displays the symbology of contacts corresponding to HAFU.
* '''DATA LINK:''' Displays contacts from the datalink frequency.
* '''JAM STROBE:''' Displays the jamming strobes. Not yet implemented.
* '''NON-ATTK:''' Displays determined (manual IFF or datalink) HAFU of friendly contacts.
* '''VEL VECTOR:''' Displays the velocity vectors of contacts.
* '''LAUNCH ZONE:''' Displays contact approximate missile launch zones.

==AN/AWG-9 Radar==
The F-14 Tomcat is equipped with the AN/AWG-9 all-weather and pulse-doppler radar. It is a very long-range radar used for the main purpose of intercept.

===Radar Modes===
The AWG-9 in the F-14B comes with 2 types of radar modes: doppler and pulse-doppler search. Of those two, subsets are able to be observed as 5 in this list:

* '''PD SRCH:''' Pulse-Doppler Search mode. No bias factor of the radar, but impedes to pulse-doppler methods.
* '''PD STT:''' Pulse-Doppler Single Target Track mode. By default upon acquiring a lock with the AWG-9, the radar will move to this function mode. It is currently suspectable to the notch filter.
* '''RWS:''' Range While Search mode. The radar will prioritize the range of targets but not other factors. Falls under pulse-doppler.
* '''TWS MAN:''' Track While Scan - Manual mode. The radar will prioritize the situational awareness of other targets but not give information on every target. The radar will also prioritize targets by threat importance.
* '''TWS AUTO:''' Track While Scan - Auto mode. The radar will perform the same as TWS Man, but the elevation and azimuth controls will be automated in the process for an optimal scan.
* '''PULSE SRCH:''' Pulse Search mode. No bias factor of the radar and can not be impeded to the notch filter, unlike the pulse-doppler method. The radar will, however, output a return of everything that is scanned and requires tuning.
* '''PULSE STT:''' Pulse Single Target Track mode. Performing similarly to Pulse Search mode, this function mode applies to only a single target and is not suspectable to the notch filter.

====Pulse-Doppler Search Mode====
[[File:f14 pulsedoppler.png|thumb|350px]]
The pulse-doppler search mode is used mainly as a kind of early warning mode. It is the search mode with the greatest detection range but it can display no range to the RIO, only closure rate. For this reason, the TID can display no track information.

====Pulse-Doppler STT Mode====
[[File:f14 pdstt.png|thumb|350px]]
The pulse-doppler STT works and looks much like the pulse STT mode. It does, however, have the same advantages and disadvantages compared to pulse STT as the other pulse-doppler modes compared to the pulse modes. This means that while much better at tracking a target close to the ground it is however vulnerable to notching.

The DDD display for pulse-doppler STT looks like pulse STT display except that the target return and antenna azimuth display are moved to the left side of the screen and a generated synthetic target marker is displayed at the correct azimuth instead. This is so that the targets range can be displayed by the synthetic target, unlike the other pulse-doppler modes which only shows closure rate. The other symbology on the DDD in this mode are the same as in pulse STT.

====Range While Search Mode====
In range while search, a frequency measuring ranging mode is added (FM ranging) to allow the radar to measure the range of tracked targets in addition to closure rate. This additional processing does, however, mean that the effective range of the radar is somewhat lesser. The display on the DDD is the same as in pulse-doppler search, the TID however also shows tracks in this mode showing the targets as tracks momentarily as they’re scanned and displaying their position and altitude.

The targets are shown for a maximum of two seconds or until the antenna again scans the same bar at the same azimuth at which time it is removed unless detected again. The maximum number of concurrently shown tracks are 48.

====TWS Manual Mode====
The track, while scan mode uses the same FM ranging as RWS with the same reduction in range compared to pulse-doppler search and the DDD display, is also the same. The main difference that the computer establishes track files and tracks up to 24 targets concurrently of which 18 can be shown on the TID at any given time.

As the computer routine calculating these tracks need a set track refresh time of 2 seconds this limits available azimuth scan area and bar settings to either 20° 4 bars or 40° 2 bars. When entering TWS the computer automatically selects the ±20° 4 bar scan disregarding the RIO set scan volumes unless those are set to ±40° 2 bars in which case that is used instead.

The TWS mode is also the only mode enabling guidance of the AIM-54 at multiple targets (up to six), and as soon as engageable targets are detected the computer starts assigning them a missile priority number according to optimal missile firing sequence.

====TWS Auto Mode====
Performing similarly to TWS Man mode, what differs between the two is that in TWS auto the computer takes control of used scan volume and scan pattern azimuth and elevation as soon as target tracks are present. The WCS computer automatically tries to optimize the scan volume and direction so that tracking of the prioritized targets is maximized. If not selected before launch the WCS overrides as soon as the first AIM-54 is launched and selects TWS Auto.

====Pulse Search Mode====
[[File:f14 pulse.png|thumb|350px]]
Pulse search is used to search for and find airborne targets at range. It is possible to use this radar mode as a basic ground mapper as well which can be useful for navigation and navigational fixes and can also be used in a pinch to detect larger surface targets like ships. Keep in mind though that the radar is not built with this as its main function and that a real air-to-ground radar will outperform it handily.

In this mode, the radar cannot by itself differentiate targets and generate tracks meaning that the WCS will not generate track files and display anything on the TID. This also means that pulse search is not capable of guiding missiles.

====Pulse STT Mode====
[[File:f14 pstt.png|thumb|350px]]
Pulse STT is used to track a single target, like pulse search mode it is not susceptible to notching but it is to ground clutter. The fact that the STT modes use gates to track the target, in this case, range gates, means that it is less susceptible to ground clutter but a target close enough to the ground that the ground return enters the range gates would be likely to shake the lock.

As it is only in the pulse-doppler modes that the missile guidance commands can be sent pulse STT is limited to launching AIM-7s in CW mode and AIM-54s in an active launch mode limiting their ranges. At short ranges, ACM ranges, it is possible to use the ASPECT switch to set what aspect of the target to track, this is just to counter different types of countermeasures. As an example, if set to NOSE the radar will be less susceptible to chaff as the radar weights its track towards the targets leading-edge (nose) away from the chaff being launched behind the target.

A successful track is indicated by the ANT TRK and RDROT indicator lights on the DDD, meaning that the antenna is tracking the target and that the target is within the range gates. If the target is jamming with sufficient strength, negating a range track, the radar will transition to a jam angle track instead, indicated by the JAT indicator light on the DDD illuminating instead of the RDROT. When range tracking is again possible at closer ranges the radar will transition to that instead.

The DDD in this mode will be similar to the pulse search mode but the antenna will be locked onto the target and not scan. Additionally, the DDD will show the range gates around the target, a closing rate symbol at the right scale and applicable attack symbology if a valid missile is selected.

===Anti-Jamming Modes===
Not yet implemented.

===AN/APX-76 IFF Interrogator===
The AN/APX-76 IFF (Identification Friend or Foe) interrogator is integrated into the AN/AWG-9 operation. Then interrogator antenna itself is located on the AN/AWG-9 antenna gimbal platform. An IFF system works by sending out an interrogation pulse and then listening for returns from cooperating transponders. In addition to the unencrypted civilian mode the AN/APX-76 is capable of interrogating in the encrypted military mode 4. This ensures that targets replying to mode 4 interrogations are indeed friendly. The AN/APX-76 can be used both in search radar modes and in STT radar modes. To enable interrogation the IFF switch is depressed on the Detail Data Display Panel which then activates the interrogator for as long as the button is held up to 10 seconds max.

When enabled IFF received IFF returns are then overlaid on the normal AN/AWG-9 radar returns on the DDD. A friendly target will be indicated with two bars, one above and one below the normal radar return. As the AN/APX-76 is a separate radar, secondary mode, radar apart from the AWG-9 the IFF can sometimes also detect targets not detected by the AWG-9. In this case the IFF return will not have a radar echo inside it. In the search mode this is overlaid over each target replying and in STT over the STT target. Additionally, if the STT target is hooked on the TID the DDD will switch from normal range display to a ±10 NM display to enable display of multiple returns in case of closely grouped targets.

==HAFU/Datalink==
[[File:HAFU.png|right|80px]]
Hostile, Ambiguous, Friendly or Unknown (HAFU) is a symbology system used by the F/A-18 to represent trackfiles; specifically, to show its status as a friendly or hostile. It is usually what trackfiles are displayed as across the software.

There are four HAFU symbols:
*'''Triangle:''' Hostile (red when colored)
*'''Thick Staple:''' Ambiguous (yellow when colored)
*'''Half-Circle:''' Friendly (green when colored)
*'''Thin Staple:''' Unknown (yellow when colored)

All types except ambiguous can be manually assigned via the [[#SA Format|Situational Awareness]] format. Tracks will also be automatically identified as explained below.

A hostile HAFU will be assigned whenever:
* A negative IFF response is returned, and
** An NCTR print returns with an aircraft type that is on the hostile coalition; or
** A SURV (surveillance, like an AWACS) source over datalink also marks it hostile; or
** A F/F (fighter-fighter, like another F/A-18) source over datalink also marks it hostile.

An ambiguous HAFU will be assigned when the aircraft and a donor have conflicting identifications (friendly and hostile).

A friendly HAFU will be assigned whenever an IFF interrogation returns as friendly or the track itself is contributed to by the Precise Participant Location and Identification (PPLI) system.

An unknown HAFU will be assigned by default until it is updated by meeting one of the requirements above.

=Air-to-Air Weapons=
----
This area will cover over all the different air-to-air weapons brought with the F-14B Tomcat.

==Air-to-Air Gun==
[[File:f14 gun aa.png|thumb|500px]]
''Using Real-Time mode.''

The F-14 Tomcat is outfitted with the M61A1 Vulcan 6-barreled Gatling cannon, being able to hold up a maximum of 675 rounds internally.

===Gun Rates===
The cannon offers 2 modes of combat in the F-14B:

* '''LOW:''' mode which slows down the muzzle rate, used for Air-to-Ground.
* '''HIGH:''' mode which is to be used for Basic Fighter Maneuvering. (BFM)

===Gun Modes===
The cannon for Air-to-Air mode is able to be placed into 2 following positions:

* '''Manual:''' this mode is able to be selected by depressing the CAGE/SEAM button, which will then only display the pipper and ammo count.
* '''Real-Time:''' this mode is the regular, default mode. Along with a radar lock, the pipper will calculate to be accurate when directed to the diamond contact box. This will also give a closure rate towards the contact and the range relative to the aircraft.

===Symbology===

The symbology for the cannon is displayed on the HUD with the weapon master selector in the GUN position, and display in A/A. By default, the gun rounds indicator will be displayed as 0 for rounds per 100. Located next to the display panel to the right is the gun ammo counter. Additionally, the gunsight elevation is also able to be adjusted underneath the steer commands on the display panel.

==Air-to-Air Missiles==
===Missile Preparation===
Missile preparation in the F-14B Tomcat is started by moving the master arm switch on the ACM panel underneath the HUD to ON. This is then followed by pressing the MSL PREP and SW COOL buttons to be ON, depending on the armament type.

===AIM-54 Phoenix===
The AIM-54 is a long-range, semi-active radar missile for Air-to-Air use. The F-14 was the only aircraft to carry it in service and was used to take down Soviet bombers. However, it is able to be used on fighters as well. The AIM-54 comes with a proximity fuse and missile gate suite for non-direct contact explosions and radar tracking methods.

Upon the launch of the missile, active input from the AN/AWG-9 radar is used to guide itself towards the contact. When reaching pitbull range (~20 nmi.) the missile will then use the radar in itself and steer until impact.

The time until impact will be calculated during the whole flight of the missile after the launch sequence on the TID as a seconds counter next to the contact.

====Missile Variants====
The AIM-54 for the F-14 in DCS is not only just 1 variant but 2 provided for the aircraft:

* '''AIM-54A Mk.60:''' The A variant Mk.60 is a specific version of the AIM-54 Phoenix which utilizes burn time and speed over agility and smoke. The Mk.60 is able to be fired from at most ~100 nmi. under optimal conditions, factoring altitude, kinetic airspeed, contact airspeed, and altitude. The recommended firing distance of the variant, however, is ~45 nmi.
* '''AIM-54C Mk.47:''' The C variant Mk.47 is a later upgrade to the missile that utilizes agility and smoke over burn time and speed. While the C variant provides a no-smoke solution, it lacks the favoring of speed and distance. Under optimal conditions similar to the A, this missile variant is best at ~60 nmi. The recommended distance to contact for firing is ~30 nmi.

====Launch Modes====
The main seeker in the AIM-54 is able to be fired through 3 launch modes in according:

# '''Semi-active Radar Homing (SARH):''' In the first stage of the AIM-54 engagement, the missile is guided semi-actively by the AN/AWG-9 radar using both guidance commands transmitted via the radar and radar energy reflected off the target. Then when the missile is within range of its seeker’s ARH mode the AN/AWG-9 commands the missile to switch to ARH. In pulse doppler STT the AIM-54 uses SARH all the way to the target receiving guidance commands at a greater rate than in TWS and also continuous spotlighting of the target because of the STT mode being used. This increases the effective range of the AIM-54 seeker slightly.
# '''Active Radar Homing (ARH):''' This tells the WCS to immediately command the AIM-54 to go active in the first guidance command after launch. If launched at a target within 6 NM if in the targets rear hemisphere or 10 NM miles if in its forward hemisphere the WCS will also automatically command this mode instead of a SARH mode. If the target is not detected actively by the seeker it will still fall back to SARH until the seeker can acquire on its own like in the two SARH modes.
# '''ACM Active:''' The missile is commanded active before launch making this the only mode where the missile is truly fire and forget. The AIM-54 missile receives the active message before launching from the WCS in addition to a command prepositioning the seeker-head to have it look at the current WCS track if available.

Additionally, the AIM-54 has an unofficial method of launching the missile:

* '''Mad-dogging:''' A method that uses the aircraft relative to their contact altitude and airspeed and firing the AIM-54 in the direction, which will force it to become semi-active within the pitbull range.

====HUD Symbology====
[[File:f14 aim54 hud.png|thumb|400px]]
The pilot will receive standard symbology of the AIM-54 missile selected when the display is in A/A mode. Similar to the GUNS format, displayed on the HUD will be the weapon type denoted in 2 letters, and the number of missiles. Additionally, any more advanced symbology will occur by lock, which is required at first to fire the missile without "mad-dogging."

====VDI Symbology====
[[File:f14 aim54 vdi.png|thumb|400px]]
The pilot will also receive additional symbology on the VDI whenever a radar lock occurs with the AIM-54 selected.

WIP.

===AIM-7 Sparrow===
The AIM-7 Sparrow is an active-radar guided missile for Air-to-Air employment. This missile requires an active radar lock to a contact in order to guide itself for impact. The benefit of this missile is that it is able to lose trackoing guidance if the aircraft breaks the lock on a friendly contact, as well as being able to be used in a mixed scenario.

The maximum range of the Sparrow under optimal conditions as the Phoenix is ~25 nmi. The recommended distance, however, is roughly ~10 nmi.

===AIM-9 Sidewinder===
The AIM-9 Sidewinder is an IR-guided missile that self tracks based off of thermal energy (heat) of an aircraft. This missile should be used for close quarters range, where agility and speed are a high priority. The benefit of this missile is how quickly it can turn onto a contact. However, a con to this can be "sun-aiming," where the missile follows a contact that flies directly to the sun and immediately flanks out of the sensor sight of the Sidewinder.

The maximum range on this missile is ~10 nmi., but recommended range is within ~5 nmi. under optimal conditions.

=Air-to-Ground Weapons=
----
The F-14B Tomcat comes with a variety of air-to-ground weapons after the upgrade to the Bombcat.

==Air-to-Ground Gun==
The symbology of the Air-to-Ground Gun is similar to of the Air-to-Air mode. The weapon will instead keep a diamond inside with the cross until passing the horizon threshold. All happens with the Gun selected and the HUD steering command in A/G mode.

==Air-to-Ground Bombs==
The F-14 Tomcat is able to carry numerous types of munitions that act as bombs, whether dumb or laser-guided.

===Mk-20/81/82/83/84 GPB===
WIP.

===GBU-12/14/16 LGB===
WIP.

===BDU-33 Training Bomb===
The BDU-33 is a training bomb that emits smoke upon impact on a hard surface. This is generally used in training for Air-to-Ground in the Tomcat, and among other aircraft.

===ADM-141 TALD===
The ADM-141 Towed Air Launch Defense (TALD) missile is a decoy weapon that is employed for doing Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses. (SEAD) The TALD missile represents one of the only true SEAD weapons used in DCS World that is not DEAD-related. The objective of the TALD is to be dropped to confuse SAM sites that use radar guidance so other aircraft are able to destroy them, hence being "suppressed."

The TALD is only able to be successfully launched when the RWR is receiving a radar lock warning or missile warning in the F-14 Tomcat. Only the F-14B Tomcat is able to use this weapon.

==Air-to-Ground Rockets==
The F-14 Tomcat carries 4 4-count Zuni rockets, which are precision, unguided rockets that are able to be fired in an Air-to-Ground configuration.

=Resources=
----
==Contributors==
* Jak: An early contributor who wrote information on what the aircraft was and helping serve filler content.
* Nullspec: Contributor towards the F/A-18C Hornet on implemented/non-implemented for the formatting.

==Manuals & Documents==
* [https://info.publicintelligence.net/F14AAP-1B.pdf F-14B NATOPS Pocket Checklist]
* [http://www.heatblur.se/F-14Manual/ Heatblur F-14 Manual]
* [https://www.mudspike.com/chucks-guides-dcs-f-14b-tomcat/ Chuck's F-14 Guide]

==Heatblur's Videos==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q1o7E9pb95Y Episode 1: Overview]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OO3IdQjAdDA Episode 2: Pilot's Cockpit Walkaround]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ws1GxPG2ZXw Episode 3: Cold And Dark (Full Startup)]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kgpGO7fj4oU Episode 4: The RIO's Office]

==Jabbers' Tutorial Videos==
(They're good!)

* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2qwlJs__iYk Pilot - Startup/Taxi/Takeoff with JESTER AI]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b5opjCygZug Pilot - Maneuvering and Flight Characteristics]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f4y2oZ-7rM8 Pilot - Air-to-Air Refueling]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ujk4hL_EnUc Pilot - ACM - Radar Acquisition Modes]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wftck0C3fJ8 Pilot - Weapons - Zuni Rockets with JESTER AI]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4m-Q02gxFEA Pilot - Weapons - AIM-9 Sidewinder]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SWeHtpJ00JI RIO - Startup]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r4-Dd4ss2Rc RIO - AWG-9 Radar]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YG7sWweg2RQ RIO - IFF Interrogation]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2q-bHFyTEr8 Overview - AIM-54C Mk.47 Phoenix - Tacview Debrief]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PyAQpqVhtBY Overview - AIM-54A Mk.60 Phoenix - Tacview Debrief]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4groy-_Bxfk Quick Tips - AIM-54 Phoenix]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Is3AtOX-abw Quick Tips - Bombing]

==RedKite's Tutorial Videos==
(More in-depth on particular systems, referenced throughout the guide.)

* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R9-8UCj66Ds Pilot/RIO - LANTIRN & LGB Bombs]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k5femxA_lis Pilot/RIO - ICLS & ACLS]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YqQz9YrEi6A Pilot/RIO - INS Fix]

F-14A/B

2019-10-03T15:03:36Z

Nanne118: syntax, top gun link

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{{ModuleInfo
|modulename=F-14A/B
|modulethumb=F-14 HB Oman.jpeg
|guidelink=http://www.heatblur.se/F-14Manual/index.html
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<div class="alert alert-info" role="alert">
'''NOTE:''' This guide is currently under a work-in-progress (WIP) state. If you have any information pertaining to the topics or feedback, please relay them over to Sirius#0002 on Discord, or in the Hoggit Discord #wiki-discussion channel. Thanks!

This page is focused on the DCS World F-14A/B Tomcat module, which is still in Early Access. Some information may be missing.
</div>

The Grumman '''F-14A/B''' Tomcat is a two-seat, twin-engine supersonic variable wing-sweep fighter aircraft. The F-14 was the first US fighter jet with twin tails and was the largest & heaviest US fighter to ever fly from an aircraft carrier. The reason that the F-14 was so incredibly large and heavy was that it carried the large AWG-9 radar and accompanying AIM-54 Phoenix (air-to-air) missiles: this very capable combination allowed the F-14 to make shots of up to 200 nautical miles at the bad guys. Also, being big means you can carry a lot of fuel!

Of course, the practical range of the AWG-9 is rather more limited, especially if you are shooting at more maneuverable fighter-sized targets, but even at these closer ranges, the AIM-54 Phoenix is still a capable missile that should not be underestimated. The F-14 is also capable of carrying an array of air-to-ground weapons, such as dumb bombs in both high and low drag forms, air-to-ground Zuni rockets and even laser-guided bombs, which can be self-designated using the LANTIRN targeting pod on the F-14.

Most people will recognize and adore the F-14 because of [//https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Top_Gun its stardom presence in that one weird volleyball movie from the '80s ]. Its on-screen presence in movies will make the F-14 to appear docile and easy to fly, but due to lack of a fly-by-wire the F-14 can be a real handful: it being a pilot's aircraft however makes it fun to fly and learn. The analogous nature of the F-14 (comparable to the F-5E II Tigershark) will give you a good knowledge of the airplane over time but requires a bit of a different mindset that the computerized flight of the F/A-18C and the F-15.

__TOC__

=Weapons List=
----
==Implemented==
Partially or fully implemented weapons of the F14/A/B Tomcat:
* M61 Vulcan Six-Barreled Gatling Gun
* AIM-7M/F Sparrow
* CAP/AIM-9M Sidewinder
* AIM-54A Phoenix Mk. 60
* AIM-54C Phoenix Mk. 47
* Mk-81, 82, 83, and 84
* GBU-10, 12, 16, and 24
* MK-20 Rockeye
* Zuni Rockets
* BDU-33 Practice Bombs
* ADM-141 TALD
* LUU-2 Parachute Flare
* Smokewinder
* LANTIRN Pod
* FPU-1 Fuel Tank

==Planned==
Weapons not yet implemented into the Tomcat:
* TARPS Pod

=Hands On Throttle And Stick (HOTAS)=
----
==Throttle==
[[File:throttle.png|thumb|500px]]
The throttle of the F-14 Tomcat consists of 2 quadrants, both for the left and right engines. There is an afterburner detent along with a cutoff detent for maximum throttle and shutdown of the engine for each quadrant.

The throttle has the following controls:
# '''Speed Brake Switch:''' 2-position switch. "EXT" is a momentary and needed input position that extends the speed brake outward depending on the aircraft speed.
# '''Wing Sweep Switch:''' 4-way hat switch. "AUTO" sets the wing to sweep automatically determined by an onboard computer, "BOMB" sets the wing to sweep in an angled position between fully extended and retracted and dependent on speed for the air-to-ground bombing.
# '''PLM Button:''' multifunction button. When the steering command is in A2A mode, this acts as a pilot lock-on tool for the AWG-9 radar. But when used for landing and/or in the LDG steering command mode, this allows for disengagement of the ACLS.
# '''CAGE/SEAM Button:''' multifunction button. When the steering command is in A2A mode, this allows for CAGE/SEAM lock-on of the AIM-9 Sidewinder. But when used for landing and/or in the LDG steering command mode, this allows for disengagement of the APC.
# '''Exterior Light Switch:''' 2-position switch. Used to toggle the exterior lights of the aircraft.
# '''ICS PTT Switch:''' 2-position switch. Acts as a push-to-talk system for the ICS system inside of the aircraft used between the Pilot and RIO. (or JESTER AI)

==Control Stick==
[[File:stick.png|thumb|500px]]
The control stick is located in the center of the cockpit, mounted onto the floor. Left and right movements of the control stick direct hydraulic movement to the spoilers and horizontal stabilizers of the aircraft. Forward and backward movement result to respectively the same but to the horizontal stabilizers.

The control stick has the following controls:
# '''Bomb Release Button:''' single-purpose button for free fall weapons (bombs). When pressed in A2G steering command mode, all pylons selected with bombs will release respective of the ripple settings, type, and interval.
# '''Trim Hat:''' 4-way hat switch. Upward movement moves the aircraft downward, and downward movement moves the aircraft upward. Both left and right movements follow to their directions according to their name.
# '''Weapon Select Hat:''' 4-way hat switch. Bottom selection is OFF, and a ridge requires a momentary push action to move in/out of to GUN. Following all to the top are SW, then SP/PH which requires a momentary push action to switch between.
# '''DLC & Maneuver Flap Command Wheel:''' scrollable dial. Moving it with the landing gears fully deployed acts as a variable control for spoiler extension. With the landing gears up, the dial also acts the same but for flaps and slats.
# '''DLC Engage/Disengage & CMS Dispense Button:''' multifunction button. When pressed with the landing gears fully deployed, this controls the engagement and disengagement of the DLC system. But with the landing gears fully retracted, this allows for pilot control of the CMS system.
# '''Autopilot Reference & NWS Button:''' multifunction button. When the aircraft is up in the air, this controls specific autopilot settings. But when the aircraft is on the ground, this controls the activation of the nosewheel steering system.
# '''Autopilot Emergency Disengage Paddle:''' multifunction button. Disengages all autopilot modes and DLC and releases all autopilot switches and roll and pitch SAS switches to OFF position.
# '''Weapon Firing Trigger:''' two-stage trigger switch for forward firing weapons (rockets, missiles, guns). The first detent enables CTVS and gun camera. Second detent releases selected forwards firing the weapon.

=Flight Controls & Landing Gear=
----
==Flight Controls==
[[File:Wheels-flaps.png|thumb|500px]]
The F-14B has a large hydraulic system which covers for all of the control surfaces of the aircraft. Without the hydraulic system, or taking damage the controls are in risk of improperly working. The F-14 Tomcat was the last of its generation to have no integration of an FBW or FCS system, which was introduced with the F-15 Eagle.

The F-14's primary flight controls are:
* '''Left Spoilers (LES):''' A set of spoilers that lie within the left wing of the aircraft that help with aileron movement and control that react opposite of the intended direction.
* '''Right Spoilers (RES):''' A set of spoilers that lie within the right wing of the aircraft that help with aileron movement and control that react opposite of the intended direction.
* '''Tailerons (TAIL):''' Two horizontal stabilizers located on the rear end of the aircraft that control both pitch and aileron movement.
* '''Leading Edge Flaps (LEF):''' Normal slats located on the leading (front) edge of the wings to add lift.
* '''Trailing Edge Flaps (TEF):''' Normal flaps located on the trailing (back) edge of the wings to add lift.

The control stick controls the stabilators, ailerons, and rudder and the rudder pedals control the rudder.

===Flaps System===
The aircraft's flap system provides more lift (and as a byproduct, drag). The flaps lever has two positions:
* '''NONE:''' This applies no flap whatsoever to the wings of the aircraft.
* '''FULL:''' This applies full movement of flaps to the wings of the aircraft.

The flaps lever allows for variable movement, which gives the pilot the ability to control the amount of flap they wish for.

===Speed Brake===
The speed brake is 2 flaps located on the end of the aircraft designed to provide drag to decelerate faster. It is activated via the speed brake switch on the throttle. The two positions are:
* '''EXT:''' When the switch is moved aft, this extends the speed brake of the aircraft out depending on the airspeed.
* '''RET:''' When the switch is moved forward, this retracts the speed brake.

===Trim===
The tailerons are capable of being trimmed to make roll and pitch corrections. This is accomplished with the trim hat on the controls stick. When the autopilot system is engaged, the onboard computer will attempt to make active trim movements in order to keep the aircraft within the specified attitude when set, along of the setting parameters. As speed is either gained or lost, the trim will actively move the stick as well along of the tailerons to adapt.

===Wing Sweep===
The wings of the aircraft are a variable-sweep design allowing for automatic or manual movements from pilot input on the right throttle quadrant. Similar to wing fold, the wings are able to be overswept from its maximum position through a master reset of the system in order to allow tighter space and closer parking on the carrier deck.

==Landing Gear==
The F-14 Tomcat has 3 retractable landing gears: the nose gear, the left gear, and the right gear. The gear is moved via the gear lever on the left side of the cockpit. In the up position, the gear will retract. In the down position, the gear will extend. The gear lever cannot be put up with weight on wheels. The gear will not retract with the launch bar extended.

===Nosewheel Steering===
The nose gear features nosewheel steering (NWS) controlled by the rudder pedals. With the weight off of the wheels, it is disengaged. It automatically engages upon there being the weight on wheels. NWS is disengaged manually via the button on the stick.

===Launch Bar===
On the front nosegear is a launch bar that attaches the airplane to a catapult from launches from an aircraft carrier. Its deployment is pilot-controlled, but it is connected to the catapult by the ground crew (DCS default binding is U).

It is controlled via the launch bar switch on the left upper console. When the switch in the RETRACT position, the launch bar will retract, but physically cannot do so when connected to the catapult. The switch will move to the RETRACT position automatically when there is a weight off wheels. In the EXTEND position, the launch bar will extend if there is the weight on wheels.

=Autopilot and Autothrottle=
----
The F-14 Tomcat has the ability to automate certain types of flight via its Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS) and Automatic Throttle Control (ATC). The AFCS, or simply the autopilot, control the flight surfaces and the ATC controls the throttles.

==AFCS==
[[File:afcs.png|thumb|500px]]
The Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS), or just the "autopilot", controls the aircraft's flight controls to automate maneuvering. It is interfaced on the autopilot panel via the A/P engage switch. On the autopilot panel, there are 7 modes able to be toggled:
# '''Pitch Stabilizer Augmentation:''' 2-position switch. This switch controls the ability for the pitch to be augmented for dampening.
# '''Roll Stabilizer Augmentation:''' 2-position switch. This switch controls the ability for the roll to be augmented for dampening.
# '''Yaw Stabilizer Augmentation:''' 2-position switch. This switch controls the ability for the yaw to be augmented for dampening.
# '''VEC/PCD/ACL Switch:''' 3-position switch. This switch controls the remote control modes of autopilot with the steering bars and ACLS.
# '''ALT Switch:''' 2-position switch.' This switch controls the ability to maintain the current altitude when autopilot is engaged.
# '''HDG/GT Switch:''' 3-position switch. This switch controls the ability to maintain the current heading when autopilot is engaged.
# '''ENGAGE Switch:''' 2-position switch. This switch engages and disengages the autopilot.

==ATC==
The automatic throttle control (ATC), or just "autothrottle", controls the physical throttles and thereby automated thrust control. ATC is toggled via ATC engage/disengage switch next to the throttle. When the ATC is engaged, the physical means of the throttle quadrants will begin to move on their own. However, whenever the pilot makes any new movement to the throttle whatsoever, the ATC will disengage to allow pilot control over both of the engines. The ATC is primarily used for landing on a carrier along with the ACLS system. ATC will disengage upon front wheel contact on a hard surface, such as an aircraft carrier deck or runway.

=Digital Systems Overview=
----
[[File:displays.png|thumb|500px]]
==Pilot==
The F-14 Tomcat comes with 2 digital display screens in the Pilot cockpit:
* '''Vertical Display Indicator (VDI):''' a multifunction display that allows for the pilot to see their HUD in a form of a repeater, and the [[#Television Camera Set|TCS]].
* '''Horizontal Situation Display Indicator (HSD):''' a multifunction display that allows for the pilot to see their virtual compass for navigation modes, and the [[#AWG-9 Pulse-Doppler Radar|AWG-9 Radar]] from the RIO TID as a repeater.

===Heads Up Display===
The head-up display (HUD) is a projected display at the front of the cockpit that serves as the primary flight instrument. It also provides various indications for weapon delivery; this section will cover the HUD's indications in NAV master mode. Master mode/weapon-specific indications on the HUD will be covered in the relevant section.

====Reject Modes====
Via the switches next to the TO button on the displays panel, you are able to "declutter" or remove information off of the HUD.

==Radar Intercept Officer==
The Radar Intercept Officer (RIO) comes with 3 digital display screens in the RIO cockpit:
* '''Detail Data Display (DDD):''' a dual-purpose display that allows for the RIO to see contacts on the [[#AWG-9 Pulse-Doppler Radar|radar]], based on the range and radar mode.
* '''Tactical Information Display (TID):''' a multi-purpose display that allows for the RIO to see their [[#AWG-9 Pulse-Doppler Radar|AWG-9]] situational awareness, [[#Television Camera Set|TCS]], [[#TARPS Pod|TARPS]] and [[#LANTIRN Targeting Pod|LANTIRN]] pods.
* '''Horizontal Situation Display Indicator (HSD):''' a multi-purpose display as to the one in the pilot cockpit.

==Master Modes==
The F-14 Tomcat has 5 primarily modes for information displayed. The 5 master modes are:
* '''TO:''' switch. Displays takeoff information on HUD and VDI for degrees.
* '''CRUISE:''' single-purpose button. Displays in-air flight information on HUD and VDI for degrees.
* '''A/A:''' single-purpose button. Displays air-to-air information on HUD and VDI for degrees; and weapon employment.
* '''A/G:''' single-purpose button. Displays air-to-ground information on HUD and VDI for degrees; and weapon employment.
* '''LDG:''' single-purpose button. Displays landing information on HUD and VDI for degrees.

Additionally, the F-14 Tomcat has an Air Combat Maneuver (ACM) panel which controls all air-to-air and air-to-ground aspects for armament.

=Navigation=
----
The F-14 Tomcat has an inertial navigation system (INS) that allows the pilot to navigate by internal gyros aligned. However, due to the fault of having no GPS assistance, these gyros slowly drift over time and cause misalignment for visual information.

==HSD==
[[File:Hsd.png|thumb|500px]]
The Horizontal Situation Display Indicator (HSD) is the primary interface with the airplane's navigation systems. The HSI can be accessed from the bottom display screen. The basic function of the HSI is a rotating compass with a looking-from-above perspective. The controls for this screen are:
# '''BRT Control:''' dial. Controls the brightness of the HSD screen.
# '''HDG Control:''' dial. Controls the heading reference in TACAN mode.
# '''CRS Control:''' dial. Controls the course heading reference in MAN and TACAN modes.
# '''Test Button:''' single-purpose button. Resets the HSD screen if overload protection activates.
# '''BIT Indicator:''' light. Shows a white light if a failure produces in the HSD.

=== Steering Commands ===
The HSD comes with a set of 5 different steering commands, which each have their own purpose towards displaying certain information:
* '''TACAN:''' single-purpose button. Displays information based off of a radio beacon with range and direction.
* '''DEST:''' single-purpose button. Displays information off of a selected waypoint from the RIO with range and direction.
* '''AWL/PCD:''' single-purpose button. Displays information off of an ICLS frequency with azimuth and elevation bars (on VDI and HUD)
* '''VEC:''' single-purpose button. ? (needs more info.)
* '''MAN:''' single-purpose button. Displays information off of an entered heading (HDG Control) with direction.

==Waypoints==
The F-14B comes with an onboard flight computer system that handles waypoint navigation during in-air flight. The navigation system in the F-14B Tomcat gives a variety of waypoint holders, along with information for a set home plate.

===Pilot===
For the F-14B pilot, the waypoint information is able to be accessed by the DEST steering command and by using the NAV HSD display mode.

===Radar Intercept Officer===
For the F-14B Radar Intercept Officer, (RIO) the waypoints must be manually assigned by the RIO through the Computer Address Panel (CAP) system under the TAC DATA category. Once done, the waypoint must be selected through the CAP and entered in with coordinates similar to how INS alignment procedures are done.

==TACAN==
Tactical Air Navigation (TACAN) is a military radio navigation system. A TACAN beacon allows for an aircraft to determine its bearing and range from it, and using this information can navigate. TACAN's may be ground-based or be broadcasted by an airplane. TACAN channels have two bands, X and Y, and range from 1-126. 2 TACAN channels may be set present in the aircraft by both the Pilot and RIO for simultaneous use.

The TACAN setting knobs give a range of these options:
*'''T/R:''' Transmit and receive. Gets bearing and range from the TACAN.
*'''RCV:''' Receive. Gets bearing from the TACAN.
*'''A/A:''' Air-to-air TACAN mode.
*'''X:''' Tunes the selected frequency on the X band.
*'''Y:''' Tunes the selected frequency on the Y band.

==ICLS==
For night and low visibility operations, aircraft carriers have an Instrument Carrier Landing System (ICLS) to allow for instrument approaches to the carrier. ICLS provides horizontal and vertical guidance. The F-14 is equipped with ICLS.

To activate the airplane's ICLS antenna, an ICLS dial is present to the right of the warning lights advisory panel, with an ARA on/off switch, used to toggle power to the system.

When ILS is selected on the HSI, two bars, one horizontal and one vertical, appear near the velocity vector on the HUD. These indicate a vertical and horizontal deviation from the optimal glideslope (3°) and course to the deck. When they are both aligned with the velocity vector (making a "+"), the aircraft is on course.

==ACLS==
For CAT III conditions and poor visibility, the F-14 is equipped with the Automatic Carrier Landing System (ACLS) to allow an automatic flight to the carrier via. a radio-guided input from a Landing Signal Officer. (LSO) The auto-throttle and autopilot systems must be engaged and present during the time of activation with this system, along with lights given to the left of the VDI display.

Datalink is required between the aircraft and the carrier in order for ACLS to work. When the best position of the azimuth and glideslope bars are within parameters, the nosewheel steering button is pressed in order to engage guidance.

==Navigation Failures==
The F-14B has a variety of navigation failures that may/can occur, including methods to fix them.

===Navigation Fix Update===
An error of latitude or longitude in the computer position of the aircraft can be corrected by a navigation fix update. Updating is especially important in the backup modes (AHRS AM and IMU/ AM) because of the estimated winds and magnetic variation changes. A nav fix is done via a ground-reference-point (latitude and longitude) position. The range and bearing of this position to the present aircraft position are used to update or correct existing values. The nav system may be updated by either a radar fix, a TACAN fix, or a visual fix.

Before performing a nav fix, the latitude and longitude of the desired update point (radar, TACAN, or visual) must be stored in one of eight navigation point locations (three WPs, FIX PT, HOME BASE, HOST AREA, DEF PT, and IP). This data can be stored prior to flight by data link or by manual insertion. Then follow these steps:

# Hook the Waypoint you choose to select for the nav fix.
# Check the stored latitude and longitude on the TID.
# Rotate the CATEGORY switch to NAV and select the desired type of update.

Note that updating the position while in INS, and to a lesser degree while in IMU, can introduce a greater navigational position error than already present, in particular, if radar fix is used to update the nav system. Updates with a visual or TACAN fix provide reasonable accuracy (assuming a good MAG VAR during TACAN updates). Updating your nav system via a nav fix should be primarily used in the AHRS mode.

===Radar Fix Update===
An RDR FIX may be selected before or after positioning the DDD cursors. If the RDR FIX button is depressed, the computer computes the present position of the aircraft by measuring the range and bearing from the selected point. The delta between the computer position and the position determined by the INS is then displayed on the TID. If the entry of this delta into the navigation computations is desired, press the FIX ENABLE button. If the delta does not appear to be correct, the computer and the readout can be cleared by pressing the RDR FIX button. The fix may then be attempted again. The RIO should also perform periodic checks of own aircraft system altitude and update the altitude if necessary.

Radar updating is performed as follows:

# TID CURSOR/CAP - Hook Desired Navigation Point for Update.
# PULSE SRCH button - Depress.
# On sensor control panel: STAB switch - IN. EL BARS switch - 1. AZ SCAN switch - As Desired.
# RDR FIX button - Depress.
# DDD CURSOR button - Depress.
# Action switch - Half Action (first detent).
# Cursor is displayed on DDD.
# Manipulate hand control DDD cursor over desired ground map point.
# Action switch - Full Action and Release. (This will cause the DDD cursor to remain at the selected position.
# Observe the delta for LAT and LONG on TID.
# If readouts are unsatisfactory, deselect RDR FIX and repeat steps 4 through 12.
# FIX ENABLE button - Depress.

===TACAN Update===
To perform a nav fix by TACAN requires that a restored waypoint shares identical LAT and LONG values with the TACAN station that will be used for the fix. Select the TACAN channel for the desired station and verify by listening to the coded identifier tone in the headset.

Press the TACAN FIX button to update the aircraft position from a TACAN station. The WCS computer then calculates the own aircraft position error based on the range and bearing from the TACAN station. The delta is then entered in the same manner as with a radar fix.

Perform a TACAN fix following these steps:

# Select a TACAN channel whose latitude and longitude correspond to an update point.
# Hook desired update point (WAYPT 1, FIX PT, HOME BASE, etc.).
# CATEGORY switch - NAV.
# TACAN FIX button - Depress.
# Observe present position delta readout.
# If delta is unsatisfactory, deselect TACAN FIX and repeat steps 2 through 7.
# FIX ENABLE button - Depress.

===Visual Update===
To perform a visual fix, fly over a restored waypoint and press the VIS FIX button. Estimate your timing, because the aircraft nose and fuselage can obscure the fixed point during an overflight. It is also difficult to estimate when directly overhead a waypoint if the aircraft altitude is greater than 10.000 feet. The delta for the visual fix is displayed on the TID. Enter the delta by pressing FIX ENABLE.

To perform a visual fix use the following steps:

# Hook desired update point (WAY PT, HB, IP, etc.).
# Select NAV category on CAP.
# Overfly the selected restored point and when over the point, depress the VIS FIX button on the cap.
# If the delta is not satisfactory, press VIS FIX again to clear the delta and repeat from step 1.
# If a satisfactory delta is displayed, depress the FIX ENABLE button; this causes the delta correction of own-aircraft position to be inserted into the computer.

===Datalink Update===
To perform a data link update of the aircraft INS to the TDS frame of reference, the aircraft and TDS must share a prebriefed waypoint, identical in latitude and longitude. Enter this LAT/LONG data into the HOST AREA pseudo target file. The TDS will uplink the common reference point as a data link waypoint. When the aircraft and TDS INS systems agree, the data link waypoint and host area symbols will be superimposed on the TID. If they drift apart, the two pseudo targets on the TID will drift as well.

To perform an update via data link, use the following steps:

# Hook data link waypoint corresponding prebriefed reference point.
# Select NAV category on CAP.
# Overfly the hooked data link waypoint. When immediately over the point, press VIS FIX button on CAP.
# Observe delta LAT and LONG on TID.
# If deltas are satisfactory and update is desired, depress FIX ENABLE.
# After a data link update, HOST AREA and data link waypoint should be superimposed on the TID again.

===Fighter-to-Fighter Navigation Update===
Net aircraft that use fighter-to-fighter data link can update their navigation system in the FF/DL mode. To update LAT/LONG hook the net aircraft symbol of an aircraft that is in close proximity and select F/F NAV UPDATE on the CAP. This will enter the hooked aircraft’s coordinates into the INS as own-aircraft coordinates. To update the nav system on an aircraft that is not close, first obtain a radar STT on that aircraft, hook the STT-ed aircraft on the TID and then press F/F NAV UPDATE on the CAP.

=Defensive Systems=
----
The F-14B is equipped with various defensive systems: the AN/ALE-39 Countermeasure Dispensing System (CMDS), for the release of chaff and flares, the AN/ALQ-126 Deception ECM (DECM), for jamming enemy radar, and the AN/ALR-67 Radar Warning Reciever (RWR), for detection of enemy radar emitters and missile launches.

==AN/ALR-67 RWR==
[[File:alr-67.png|thumb|400px]]
The AN/ALR-67 Radar Warning Receiver (RWR) provides the Hornet the ability to detect radars via the radio/microwave radiation they emit.

===Audio Tones===
Accompanying the RWR are various audio feedback tones:
*'''Single Beep:''' A new ground- or sea-based emitter has been detected.
*'''Double Beep:''' A new airborne emitter has been detected.
*'''Repeating Beep:''' An emitter is tracking.
*'''Faster Repeating Beep:''' An emitter is guiding a missile or is a missile.

On the RWR gauge, the RWR knob will control the volume of the RWR tones.

===Emitter Identifiers===
''This list is, at present, not complete.''
{|class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
!Type
!RWR ID
|-
|U
|Unknown
|-
|M
|Active radar-homing missile
|-
|S
|Search radar
|-
|3
|SA-3 "Goa"
|-
|6
|SA-6 "Gainful"
|-
|8
|SA-8 "Gecko"
|-
|10
|SA-10 "Grumble"
|-
|11
|SA-11 "Gadfly"
|-
|11
|F-111 Aardvark
|-
|12
|SA-12 "Gladiator"
|-
|13
|SA-13 "Gopher"
|-
|13
|C-130 Hercules
|-
|14
|F-14 Tomcat
|-
|15
|F-15 Eagle
|-
|15
|SA-15 "Gauntlet"
|-
|16
|F-16 Fighting Falcon
|-
|17
|C-17 Globemaster III
|-
|18
|F/A-18 Hornet
|-
|22
|Tu-22 "Blinder"
|-
|23
|MiG-23 "Flogger"
|-
|24
|Su-24 "Fencer"
|-
|25
|MiG-25 "Foxbat"
|-
|29
|MiG-29 "Fulcrum"
|-
|29
|Su-27 "Flanker"
|-
|29
|Su-33 "Flanker-D"
|-
|30
|Su-30 "Flanker-C"
|-
|31
|MiG-31 "Foxhound"
|-
|34
|Su-34 "Fullback"
|-
|39
|Su-25M "Frogfoot"
|-
|40
|''Spruance''-class destroyer
|-
|48
|''Nimitz''-class carrier
|-
|49
|''Oliver Hazard Perry''-class frigate
|-
|50
|A-50 "Mainstay"
|-
|52
|B-52 Stratofortress
|-
|76
|IL-76 "Candid"
|-
|78
|IL-78 "Midas"
|}

==AN/ALE-39 CMDS==
[[File:f14 cms.png|thumb|500px]]
The AN/ALE-39 is the countermeasures dispensing set installed in the F-14B in this simulation. It controls its own set of launchers located between the engine nozzles on the underside of the so-called beaver-tail. The launchers each have two sections, one containing 10 cartridges and the other 20. They are referred to the left and right dispensers even though the left is really the front one and the right the back one with both being mounted inline on the left side of the tailhook. This is a remnant from the earliest model F-14s carrying the AN/ALE-29.

This all sums up to a capacity of 60 cartridges in the system with each section necessarily holding one type of cartridges meaning that any combination of cartridges is possible as long as each type’s quantity is a multiple of 10. The system itself has no real knowledge of what is loaded where so incorrectly programming the system can lead to the wrong type of cartridge being ejected.

===Cockpit Controls===
The system itself can be operated manually from the control panel in the RIO pit or the DLC thumbwheel on the pilot stick when the flaps lever is in the up position. It is also capable of running programmed sequences of ejection which in turn can be initiated manually by the RIO from the control panel or the direction hats mounted on the handhold over the DDD. In addition, the AN/ALR-67 can also initiate the chaff ejection program if set up correctly on the AN/ALE-39 control panel.

==AN/ALQ-126 DECM==
The AN/ALQ-126 deception jammer is designed to detect radar threats, analyze them, select the optimum countermeasure technique available and apply it. Available techniques for jamming are amongst others, main lobe blanking, inverse con-scan, range-gate pull-off and swept square modes. In DCS this is modeled as a simple noise jammer due to engine limitations but controlled by the DECM logic as to when it’s on or off.

===Cockpit Controls===
The controls for the AN/ALQ-126 DECM are all located on the right horizontal panel in the RIO pit, the panel as the image above. In addition, there are two indication lights co-located with the RWR threat indicators on the right side of the TID. The mode selector knob controls power and operational mode that the system is in. The modes for the DECM are as follows:

* '''OFF:''' turns off power to the system. STBY begins pre-warming of the system, taking in all-around 5 minutes.
* '''TEST HOLD 3 SEC:''' is used to prepare the system for BIT, after 3 seconds in this mode, turn the knob to TEST - ACT.
* '''TEST ACT:''' starts the BIT in the system. The BIT takes approximately 30 seconds and the RCV light will be illuminated the whole time while the XMIT light will flash twice. If the STANDBY light illuminates it indicates that a no-go condition exists in the system.
* '''REC:''' enables the system to receive the only mode, enabling analyzation of threats and also the threat audio.
* '''RPT:''' enables full system functionality, in addition to REC it also now tries to jam threats according to the selected method.

=Television Camera Set=
----
[[File:tcs_symbology.png|thumb|500px]]
The F-14B is outfitted with the ALQ-100 Television Camera Set (TCS) pod, used for visually identifying aircraft during the time of which IFF was not a trusted/more inferior method to confirming hostile aircraft and to keep track of their position, as well as their living status.

==Symbology==
On the TID, in non-TV mode, a TCS track is indicated by a 1.5” strobe at TCS LOS azimuth with a hollow circle at the end.

The symbology on the video feed from the TCS has indicators for the FOV and two crosshairs indicating TCS LOS relative own aircraft, GACH, and AN/AWG-9 radar LOS relative TCS LOS, RACH. Additionally, the track window is indicated by 4 small squares representing each corner of that window.

The gimbal angle crosshairs or GACH, which is a solid cross, indicate deflection of the TCS LOS from the aircraft datum line, ADL. GACH crosshair in the center indicates TCS LOS along ADL and deflection towards the edges indicate deflection towards the gimbal limits with the video edges being maximum deflection.

RACH or radar angle crosshairs, a dashed crosshair, indicate radar antenna LOS when inside the current TCS FOV. When the sensors slave to one another RACH and GACH will coincide creating a single solid crosshair.

The track window indicates the area that the TCS contrast tracker is currently locked on to if it has acquired a target. When not in an active track these squares collapse into the center of the display being 2% of the screen width when in manual mode and 5% when in an auto mode.

=LANTIRN Targeting Pod=
----
[[File:flir.png|thumb|500px]]
The F-14B can carry the AN/AAQ-14 Low Altitude Navigation and Targeting Infrared For Night (LANTIRN) targeting pod. This pod consists of a Forward-Looking Infrared (FLIR) camera (which also includes a digital charged coupled device camera) for target locating and observing, a Laser Target Designator/Ranger for firing a laser that both designates targets for laser-homing weapons and gathers ranging information for designating whatever the FLIR is pointed at as an air-to-ground, and a Laser Spot Tracker (LST) which can search for and track a laser, allowing for the FLIR to be cued onto an offboard (ground or air-designated) laser from another unit and then designate a Target off said point; this allows for most effective buddy-lasing. The targeting pod can be used in both air-to-ground and air-to-air functions, but the LTD/R and LST are only used for A/G operation.

==Symbology==
The following areas on the LANTIRN are to represent:
# '''A/C Position Data:''' Displays aircraft LAT/LON, altitude, and groundspeed information.
# '''LANTIRN Polarity:''' Displays white or hot background. AGC is for automatic gain control, MGC is for manual gain control.
# '''LANTIRN Information:''' Gives general information on the pod. SR is for slant range, AZ/EL for azimuth/elevation of sight, and rest is UTC time.
# '''LANTIRN Track Mode:''' Displays the current tracking mode. A/A is for air-to-air, A/G is for air-to-ground. Right side is for current selected weapon.
# '''Track Data:''' Displays information of LAT/LON and altitude of where the sight is at.
# '''Track:''' Displays the hairs for point and area track, and what the sight is directly pointed at.
# '''Launch Envelopes:''' The top tape is for the heading relative of the aircraft to the track. The right side tape is for the release point.

=TARPS Pod=
----
Not yet implemented.

=Air-to-Air Radar=
----
==Detail Data Display==
[[File:f14 ddd.png|thumb|500px]]
Among the 3 digital displays, the Detail Data Display gives the RIO information about contacts from the AWG-9 radar in terms of range and radar mode, with respect to the notch filter.

===Notch Filter===
The AWG-9 radar in the F-14B Tomcat has a notch filter when using the pulse-doppler radar modes under certain conditions. These conditions include, but are not limited to:

* ~100 knot difference of the aircraft relative to contact
* Contact flying 90 degrees perpendicular CW/CCW to aircraft
* Masking with ground terrain scan return

There is a rough line shown in the radar modes, likewise of the jamming lobe, for when considering the notch filter that the contact will disappear from.

==Tactical Information Display==
[[File:f14 tid.png|thumb|500px]]
The Tactical Information Display (TID) gives the RIO of the F-14B the main information on the AWG-9 radar, including situational awareness, range, altitude, and contact heading.

===Display Modes===
The TID comes with a total of 8 display modes available, that can be toggled either on or off for purposes of gathering more information or decluttering:

* '''RID DISABLE:''' ? needs more info. Not yet implemented.
* '''ALT NUM:''' Displays the altitude of contact with a singular digit rounded to the nearest thousand.
* '''SYM ELEM:''' Displays the symbology of contacts corresponding to HAFU.
* '''DATA LINK:''' Displays contacts from the datalink frequency.
* '''JAM STROBE:''' Displays the jamming strobes. Not yet implemented.
* '''NON-ATTK:''' Displays determined (manual IFF or datalink) HAFU of friendly contacts.
* '''VEL VECTOR:''' Displays the velocity vectors of contacts.
* '''LAUNCH ZONE:''' Displays contact approximate missile launch zones.

==AN/AWG-9 Radar==
The F-14 Tomcat is equipped with the AN/AWG-9 all-weather and pulse-doppler radar. It is a very long-range radar used for the main purpose of intercept.

===Radar Modes===
The AWG-9 in the F-14B comes with 2 types of radar modes: doppler and pulse-doppler search. Of those two, subsets are able to be observed as 5 in this list:

* '''PD SRCH:''' Pulse-Doppler Search mode. No bias factor of the radar, but impedes to pulse-doppler methods.
* '''PD STT:''' Pulse-Doppler Single Target Track mode. By default upon acquiring a lock with the AWG-9, the radar will move to this function mode. It is currently suspectable to the notch filter.
* '''RWS:''' Range While Search mode. The radar will prioritize the range of targets but not other factors. Falls under pulse-doppler.
* '''TWS MAN:''' Track While Scan - Manual mode. The radar will prioritize the situational awareness of other targets but not give information on every target. The radar will also prioritize targets by threat importance.
* '''TWS AUTO:''' Track While Scan - Auto mode. The radar will perform the same as TWS Man, but the elevation and azimuth controls will be automated in the process for an optimal scan.
* '''PULSE SRCH:''' Pulse Search mode. No bias factor of the radar and can not be impeded to the notch filter, unlike the pulse-doppler method. The radar will, however, output a return of everything that is scanned and requires tuning.
* '''PULSE STT:''' Pulse Single Target Track mode. Performing similarly to Pulse Search mode, this function mode applies to only a single target and is not suspectable to the notch filter.

====Pulse-Doppler Search Mode====
[[File:f14 pulsedoppler.png|thumb|350px]]
The pulse-doppler search mode is used mainly as a kind of early warning mode. It is the search mode with the greatest detection range but it can display no range to the RIO, only closure rate. For this reason, the TID can display no track information.

====Pulse-Doppler STT Mode====
[[File:f14 pdstt.png|thumb|350px]]
The pulse-doppler STT works and looks much like the pulse STT mode. It does, however, have the same advantages and disadvantages compared to pulse STT as the other pulse-doppler modes compared to the pulse modes. This means that while much better at tracking a target close to the ground it is however vulnerable to notching.

The DDD display for pulse-doppler STT looks like pulse STT display except that the target return and antenna azimuth display are moved to the left side of the screen and a generated synthetic target marker is displayed at the correct azimuth instead. This is so that the targets range can be displayed by the synthetic target, unlike the other pulse-doppler modes which only shows closure rate. The other symbology on the DDD in this mode are the same as in pulse STT.

====Range While Search Mode====
In range while search, a frequency measuring ranging mode is added (FM ranging) to allow the radar to measure the range of tracked targets in addition to closure rate. This additional processing does, however, mean that the effective range of the radar is somewhat lesser. The display on the DDD is the same as in pulse-doppler search, the TID however also shows tracks in this mode showing the targets as tracks momentarily as they’re scanned and displaying their position and altitude.

The targets are shown for a maximum of two seconds or until the antenna again scans the same bar at the same azimuth at which time it is removed unless detected again. The maximum number of concurrently shown tracks are 48.

====TWS Manual Mode====
The track, while scan mode uses the same FM ranging as RWS with the same reduction in range compared to pulse-doppler search and the DDD display, is also the same. The main difference that the computer establishes track files and tracks up to 24 targets concurrently of which 18 can be shown on the TID at any given time.

As the computer routine calculating these tracks need a set track refresh time of 2 seconds this limits available azimuth scan area and bar settings to either 20° 4 bars or 40° 2 bars. When entering TWS the computer automatically selects the ±20° 4 bar scan disregarding the RIO set scan volumes unless those are set to ±40° 2 bars in which case that is used instead.

The TWS mode is also the only mode enabling guidance of the AIM-54 at multiple targets (up to six), and as soon as engageable targets are detected the computer starts assigning them a missile priority number according to optimal missile firing sequence.

====TWS Auto Mode====
Performing similarly to TWS Man mode, what differs between the two is that in TWS auto the computer takes control of used scan volume and scan pattern azimuth and elevation as soon as target tracks are present. The WCS computer automatically tries to optimize the scan volume and direction so that tracking of the prioritized targets is maximized. If not selected before launch the WCS overrides as soon as the first AIM-54 is launched and selects TWS Auto.

====Pulse Search Mode====
[[File:f14 pulse.png|thumb|350px]]
Pulse search is used to search for and find airborne targets at range. It is possible to use this radar mode as a basic ground mapper as well which can be useful for navigation and navigational fixes and can also be used in a pinch to detect larger surface targets like ships. Keep in mind though that the radar is not built with this as its main function and that a real air-to-ground radar will outperform it handily.

In this mode, the radar cannot by itself differentiate targets and generate tracks meaning that the WCS will not generate track files and display anything on the TID. This also means that pulse search is not capable of guiding missiles.

====Pulse STT Mode====
[[File:f14 pstt.png|thumb|350px]]
Pulse STT is used to track a single target, like pulse search mode it is not susceptible to notching but it is to ground clutter. The fact that the STT modes use gates to track the target, in this case, range gates, means that it is less susceptible to ground clutter but a target close enough to the ground that the ground return enters the range gates would be likely to shake the lock.

As it is only in the pulse-doppler modes that the missile guidance commands can be sent pulse STT is limited to launching AIM-7s in CW mode and AIM-54s in an active launch mode limiting their ranges. At short ranges, ACM ranges, it is possible to use the ASPECT switch to set what aspect of the target to track, this is just to counter different types of countermeasures. As an example, if set to NOSE the radar will be less susceptible to chaff as the radar weights its track towards the targets leading-edge (nose) away from the chaff being launched behind the target.

A successful track is indicated by the ANT TRK and RDROT indicator lights on the DDD, meaning that the antenna is tracking the target and that the target is within the range gates. If the target is jamming with sufficient strength, negating a range track, the radar will transition to a jam angle track instead, indicated by the JAT indicator light on the DDD illuminating instead of the RDROT. When range tracking is again possible at closer ranges the radar will transition to that instead.

The DDD in this mode will be similar to the pulse search mode but the antenna will be locked onto the target and not scan. Additionally, the DDD will show the range gates around the target, a closing rate symbol at the right scale and applicable attack symbology if a valid missile is selected.

===Anti-Jamming Modes===
Not yet implemented.

===AN/APX-76 IFF Interrogator===
The AN/APX-76 IFF (Identification Friend or Foe) interrogator is integrated into the AN/AWG-9 operation. Then interrogator antenna itself is located on the AN/AWG-9 antenna gimbal platform. An IFF system works by sending out an interrogation pulse and then listening for returns from cooperating transponders. In addition to the unencrypted civilian mode the AN/APX-76 is capable of interrogating in the encrypted military mode 4. This ensures that targets replying to mode 4 interrogations are indeed friendly. The AN/APX-76 can be used both in search radar modes and in STT radar modes. To enable interrogation the IFF switch is depressed on the Detail Data Display Panel which then activates the interrogator for as long as the button is held up to 10 seconds max.

When enabled IFF received IFF returns are then overlaid on the normal AN/AWG-9 radar returns on the DDD. A friendly target will be indicated with two bars, one above and one below the normal radar return. As the AN/APX-76 is a separate radar, secondary mode, radar apart from the AWG-9 the IFF can sometimes also detect targets not detected by the AWG-9. In this case the IFF return will not have a radar echo inside it. In the search mode this is overlaid over each target replying and in STT over the STT target. Additionally, if the STT target is hooked on the TID the DDD will switch from normal range display to a ±10 NM display to enable display of multiple returns in case of closely grouped targets.

==HAFU/Datalink==
[[File:HAFU.png|right|80px]]
Hostile, Ambiguous, Friendly or Unknown (HAFU) is a symbology system used by the F/A-18 to represent trackfiles; specifically, to show its status as a friendly or hostile. It is usually what trackfiles are displayed as across the software.

There are four HAFU symbols:
*'''Triangle:''' Hostile (red when colored)
*'''Thick Staple:''' Ambiguous (yellow when colored)
*'''Half-Circle:''' Friendly (green when colored)
*'''Thin Staple:''' Unknown (yellow when colored)

All types except ambiguous can be manually assigned via the [[#SA Format|Situational Awareness]] format. Tracks will also be automatically identified as explained below.

A hostile HAFU will be assigned whenever:
* A negative IFF response is returned, and
** An NCTR print returns with an aircraft type that is on the hostile coalition; or
** A SURV (surveillance, like an AWACS) source over datalink also marks it hostile; or
** A F/F (fighter-fighter, like another F/A-18) source over datalink also marks it hostile.

An ambiguous HAFU will be assigned when the aircraft and a donor have conflicting identifications (friendly and hostile).

A friendly HAFU will be assigned whenever an IFF interrogation returns as friendly or the track itself is contributed to by the Precise Participant Location and Identification (PPLI) system.

An unknown HAFU will be assigned by default until it is updated by meeting one of the requirements above.

=Air-to-Air Weapons=
----
This area will cover over all the different air-to-air weapons brought with the F-14B Tomcat.

==Air-to-Air Gun==
[[File:f14 gun aa.png|thumb|500px]]
''Using Real-Time mode.''

The F-14 Tomcat is outfitted with the M61A1 Vulcan 6-barreled Gatling cannon, being able to hold up a maximum of 675 rounds internally.

===Gun Rates===
The cannon offers 2 modes of combat in the F-14B:

* '''LOW:''' mode which slows down the muzzle rate, used for Air-to-Ground.
* '''HIGH:''' mode which is to be used for Basic Fighter Maneuvering. (BFM)

===Gun Modes===
The cannon for Air-to-Air mode is able to be placed into 2 following positions:

* '''Manual:''' this mode is able to be selected by depressing the CAGE/SEAM button, which will then only display the pipper and ammo count.
* '''Real-Time:''' this mode is the regular, default mode. Along with a radar lock, the pipper will calculate to be accurate when directed to the diamond contact box. This will also give a closure rate towards the contact and the range relative to the aircraft.

===Symbology===

The symbology for the cannon is displayed on the HUD with the weapon master selector in the GUN position, and display in A/A. By default, the gun rounds indicator will be displayed as 0 for rounds per 100. Located next to the display panel to the right is the gun ammo counter. Additionally, the gunsight elevation is also able to be adjusted underneath the steer commands on the display panel.

==Air-to-Air Missiles==
===Missile Preparation===
Missile preparation in the F-14B Tomcat is started by moving the master arm switch on the ACM panel underneath the HUD to ON. This is then followed by pressing the MSL PREP and SW COOL buttons to be ON, depending on the armament type.

===AIM-54 Phoenix===
The AIM-54 is a long-range, semi-active radar missile for Air-to-Air use. The F-14 was the only aircraft to carry it in service and was used to take down Soviet bombers. However, it is able to be used on fighters as well. The AIM-54 comes with a proximity fuse and missile gate suite for non-direct contact explosions and radar tracking methods.

Upon the launch of the missile, active input from the AN/AWG-9 radar is used to guide itself towards the contact. When reaching pitbull range (~20 nmi.) the missile will then use the radar in itself and steer until impact.

The time until impact will be calculated during the whole flight of the missile after the launch sequence on the TID as a seconds counter next to the contact.

====Missile Variants====
The AIM-54 for the F-14 in DCS is not only just 1 variant but 2 provided for the aircraft:

* '''AIM-54A Mk.60:''' The A variant Mk.60 is a specific version of the AIM-54 Phoenix which utilizes burn time and speed over agility and smoke. The Mk.60 is able to be fired from at most ~100 nmi. under optimal conditions, factoring altitude, kinetic airspeed, contact airspeed, and altitude. The recommended firing distance of the variant, however, is ~45 nmi.
* '''AIM-54C Mk.47:''' The C variant Mk.47 is a later upgrade to the missile that utilizes agility and smoke over burn time and speed. While the C variant provides a no-smoke solution, it lacks the favoring of speed and distance. Under optimal conditions similar to the A, this missile variant is best at ~60 nmi. The recommended distance to contact for firing is ~30 nmi.

====Launch Modes====
The main seeker in the AIM-54 is able to be fired through 3 launch modes in according:

# '''Semi-active Radar Homing (SARH):''' In the first stage of the AIM-54 engagement, the missile is guided semi-actively by the AN/AWG-9 radar using both guidance commands transmitted via the radar and radar energy reflected off the target. Then when the missile is within range of its seeker’s ARH mode the AN/AWG-9 commands the missile to switch to ARH. In pulse doppler STT the AIM-54 uses SARH all the way to the target receiving guidance commands at a greater rate than in TWS and also continuous spotlighting of the target because of the STT mode being used. This increases the effective range of the AIM-54 seeker slightly.
# '''Active Radar Homing (ARH):''' This tells the WCS to immediately command the AIM-54 to go active in the first guidance command after launch. If launched at a target within 6 NM if in the targets rear hemisphere or 10 NM miles if in its forward hemisphere the WCS will also automatically command this mode instead of a SARH mode. If the target is not detected actively by the seeker it will still fall back to SARH until the seeker can acquire on its own like in the two SARH modes.
# '''ACM Active:''' The missile is commanded active before launch making this the only mode where the missile is truly fire and forget. The AIM-54 missile receives the active message before launching from the WCS in addition to a command prepositioning the seeker-head to have it look at the current WCS track if available.

Additionally, the AIM-54 has an unofficial method of launching the missile:

* '''Mad-dogging:''' A method that uses the aircraft relative to their contact altitude and airspeed and firing the AIM-54 in the direction, which will force it to become semi-active within the pitbull range.

====HUD Symbology====
[[File:f14 aim54 hud.png|thumb|400px]]
The pilot will receive standard symbology of the AIM-54 missile selected when the display is in A/A mode. Similar to the GUNS format, displayed on the HUD will be the weapon type denoted in 2 letters, and the number of missiles. Additionally, any more advanced symbology will occur by lock, which is required at first to fire the missile without "mad-dogging."

====VDI Symbology====
[[File:f14 aim54 vdi.png|thumb|400px]]
The pilot will also receive additional symbology on the VDI whenever a radar lock occurs with the AIM-54 selected.

WIP.

===AIM-7 Sparrow===
The AIM-7 Sparrow is an active-radar guided missile for Air-to-Air employment. This missile requires an active radar lock to a contact in order to guide itself for impact. The benefit of this missile is that it is able to lose trackoing guidance if the aircraft breaks the lock on a friendly contact, as well as being able to be used in a mixed scenario.

The maximum range of the Sparrow under optimal conditions as the Phoenix is ~25 nmi. The recommended distance, however, is roughly ~10 nmi.

===AIM-9 Sidewinder===
The AIM-9 Sidewinder is an IR-guided missile that self tracks based off of thermal energy (heat) of an aircraft. This missile should be used for close quarters range, where agility and speed are a high priority. The benefit of this missile is how quickly it can turn onto a contact. However, a con to this can be "sun-aiming," where the missile follows a contact that flies directly to the sun and immediately flanks out of the sensor sight of the Sidewinder.

The maximum range on this missile is ~10 nmi., but recommended range is within ~5 nmi. under optimal conditions.

=Air-to-Ground Weapons=
----
The F-14B Tomcat comes with a variety of air-to-ground weapons after the upgrade to the Bombcat.

==Air-to-Ground Gun==
The symbology of the Air-to-Ground Gun is similar to of the Air-to-Air mode. The weapon will instead keep a diamond inside with the cross until passing the horizon threshold. All happens with the Gun selected and the HUD steering command in A/G mode.

==Air-to-Ground Bombs==
The F-14 Tomcat is able to carry numerous types of munitions that act as bombs, whether dumb or laser-guided.

===Mk-20/81/82/83/84 GPB===
WIP.

===GBU-12/14/16 LGB===
WIP.

===BDU-33 Training Bomb===
The BDU-33 is a training bomb that emits smoke upon impact on a hard surface. This is generally used in training for Air-to-Ground in the Tomcat, and among other aircraft.

===ADM-141 TALD===
The ADM-141 Towed Air Launch Defense (TALD) missile is a decoy weapon that is employed for doing Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses. (SEAD) The TALD missile represents one of the only true SEAD weapons used in DCS World that is not DEAD-related. The objective of the TALD is to be dropped to confuse SAM sites that use radar guidance so other aircraft are able to destroy them, hence being "suppressed."

The TALD is only able to be successfully launched when the RWR is receiving a radar lock warning or missile warning in the F-14 Tomcat. Only the F-14B Tomcat is able to use this weapon.

==Air-to-Ground Rockets==
The F-14 Tomcat carries 4 4-count Zuni rockets, which are precision, unguided rockets that are able to be fired in an Air-to-Ground configuration.

=Resources=
----
==Contributors==
* Jak: An early contributor who wrote information on what the aircraft was and helping serve filler content.
* Nullspec: Contributor towards the F/A-18C Hornet on implemented/non-implemented for the formatting.

==Manuals & Documents==
* [https://info.publicintelligence.net/F14AAP-1B.pdf F-14B NATOPS Pocket Checklist]
* [http://www.heatblur.se/F-14Manual/ Heatblur F-14 Manual]
* [https://www.mudspike.com/chucks-guides-dcs-f-14b-tomcat/ Chuck's F-14 Guide]

==Heatblur's Videos==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q1o7E9pb95Y Episode 1: Overview]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OO3IdQjAdDA Episode 2: Pilot's Cockpit Walkaround]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ws1GxPG2ZXw Episode 3: Cold And Dark (Full Startup)]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kgpGO7fj4oU Episode 4: The RIO's Office]

==Jabbers' Tutorial Videos==
(They're good!)

* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2qwlJs__iYk Pilot - Startup/Taxi/Takeoff with JESTER AI]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b5opjCygZug Pilot - Maneuvering and Flight Characteristics]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f4y2oZ-7rM8 Pilot - Air-to-Air Refueling]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ujk4hL_EnUc Pilot - ACM - Radar Acquisition Modes]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wftck0C3fJ8 Pilot - Weapons - Zuni Rockets with JESTER AI]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4m-Q02gxFEA Pilot - Weapons - AIM-9 Sidewinder]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SWeHtpJ00JI RIO - Startup]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r4-Dd4ss2Rc RIO - AWG-9 Radar]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YG7sWweg2RQ RIO - IFF Interrogation]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2q-bHFyTEr8 Overview - AIM-54C Mk.47 Phoenix - Tacview Debrief]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PyAQpqVhtBY Overview - AIM-54A Mk.60 Phoenix - Tacview Debrief]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4groy-_Bxfk Quick Tips - AIM-54 Phoenix]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Is3AtOX-abw Quick Tips - Bombing]

==RedKite's Tutorial Videos==
(More in-depth on particular systems, referenced throughout the guide.)

* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R9-8UCj66Ds Pilot/RIO - LANTIRN & LGB Bombs]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k5femxA_lis Pilot/RIO - ICLS & ACLS]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YqQz9YrEi6A Pilot/RIO - INS Fix]

F-14A/B

2019-10-03T14:58:04Z

Nanne118: /* Control Stick */

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{{ModuleInfo
|modulename=F-14A/B
|modulethumb=F-14 HB Oman.jpeg
|guidelink=http://www.heatblur.se/F-14Manual/index.html
|storelink=https://www.digitalcombatsimulator.com/en/shop/modules/tomcat/
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<div class="alert alert-info" role="alert">
'''NOTE:''' This guide is currently under a work-in-progress (WIP) state. If you have any information pertaining to the topics or feedback, please relay them over to Sirius#0002 on Discord, or in the Hoggit Discord #wiki-discussion channel. Thanks!

This page is focused on the DCS World F-14A/B Tomcat module, which is still in Early Access. Some information may be missing.
</div>

The Grumman '''F-14A/B''' Tomcat is a two-seat, twin-engine supersonic variable wing-sweep fighter aircraft. The F-14 was the first US fighter jet with twin tails and was the largest & heaviest US fighter to ever fly from an aircraft carrier. The reason that the F-14 was so incredibly large and heavy was that it carried the large AWG-9 radar and accompanying AIM-54 Phoenix (air-to-air) missiles: this very capable combination allowed the F-14 to make shots of up to 200 nautical miles at the bad guys. Also, being big means you can carry a lot of fuel!

Of course, the practical range of the AWG-9 is rather more limited, especially if you are shooting at more maneuverable fighter-sized targets, but even at these closer ranges, the AIM-54 Phoenix is still a capable missile that should not be underestimated. The F-14 is also capable of carrying an array of air-to-ground weapons, such as dumb bombs in both high and low drag forms, air-to-ground Zuni rockets and even laser-guided bombs, which can be self-designated using the LANTIRN targeting pod on the F-14.

Most people will recognize and adore the F-14 because of its stardom presence in that one weird volleyball movie from the '80s. Its on-screen presence in movies will make the F-14 to appear docile and easy to fly, but due to lack of a fly-by-wire the F-14 can be a real handful: it being a pilot's aircraft however makes it fun to fly and learn. The analogous nature of the F-14 (comparable to the F-5E II Tigershark) will give you a good knowledge of the airplane over time but requires a bit of a different mindset that the computerized flight of the F/A-18C and the F-15.

__TOC__

=Weapons List=
----
==Implemented==
Partially or fully implemented weapons of the F14/A/B Tomcat:
* M61 Vulcan Six-Barreled Gatling Gun
* AIM-7M/F Sparrow
* CAP/AIM-9M Sidewinder
* AIM-54A Phoenix Mk. 60
* AIM-54C Phoenix Mk. 47
* Mk-81, 82, 83, and 84
* GBU-10, 12, 16, and 24
* MK-20 Rockeye
* Zuni Rockets
* BDU-33 Practice Bombs
* ADM-141 TALD
* LUU-2 Parachute Flare
* Smokewinder
* LANTIRN Pod
* FPU-1 Fuel Tank

==Planned==
Weapons not yet implemented into the Tomcat:
* TARPS Pod

=Hands On Throttle And Stick (HOTAS)=
----
==Throttle==
[[File:throttle.png|thumb|500px]]
The throttle of the F-14 Tomcat consists of 2 quadrants, both for the left and right engines. There is an afterburner detent along with a cutoff detent for maximum throttle and shutdown of the engine for each quadrant.

The throttle has the following controls:
# '''Speed Brake Switch:''' 2-position switch. "EXT" is a momentary and needed input position that extends the speed brake outward depending on the aircraft speed.
# '''Wing Sweep Switch:''' 4-way hat switch. "AUTO" sets the wing to sweep automatically determined by an onboard computer, "BOMB" sets the wing to sweep in an angled position between fully extended and retracted and dependent on speed for the air-to-ground bombing.
# '''PLM Button:''' multifunction button. When the steering command is in A2A mode, this acts as a pilot lock-on tool for the AWG-9 radar. But when used for landing and/or in the LDG steering command mode, this allows for disengagement of the ACLS.
# '''CAGE/SEAM Button:''' multifunction button. When the steering command is in A2A mode, this allows for CAGE/SEAM lock-on of the AIM-9 Sidewinder. But when used for landing and/or in the LDG steering command mode, this allows for disengagement of the APC.
# '''Exterior Light Switch:''' 2-position switch. Used to toggle the exterior lights of the aircraft.
# '''ICS PTT Switch:''' 2-position switch. Acts as a push-to-talk system for the ICS system inside of the aircraft used between the Pilot and RIO. (or JESTER AI)

==Control Stick==
[[File:stick.png|thumb|500px]]
The control stick is located in the center of the cockpit, mounted onto the floor. Left and right movements of the control stick direct hydraulic movement to the spoilers and horizontal stabilizers of the aircraft. Forward and backward movement result to respectively the same but to the horizontal stabilizers.

The control stick has the following controls:
# '''Bomb Release Button:''' single-purpose button for free fall weapons (bombs). When pressed in A2G steering command mode, all pylons selected with bombs will release respective of the ripple settings, type, and interval.
# '''Trim Hat:''' 4-way hat switch. Upward movement moves the aircraft downward, and downward movement moves the aircraft upward. Both left and right movements follow to their directions according to their name.
# '''Weapon Select Hat:''' 4-way hat switch. Bottom selection is OFF, and a ridge requires a momentary push action to move in/out of to GUN. Following all to the top are SW, then SP/PH which requires a momentary push action to switch between.
# '''DLC & Maneuver Flap Command Wheel:''' scrollable dial. Moving it with the landing gears fully deployed acts as a variable control for spoiler extension. With the landing gears up, the dial also acts the same but for flaps and slats.
# '''DLC Engage/Disengage & CMS Dispense Button:''' multifunction button. When pressed with the landing gears fully deployed, this controls the engagement and disengagement of the DLC system. But with the landing gears fully retracted, this allows for pilot control of the CMS system.
# '''Autopilot Reference & NWS Button:''' multifunction button. When the aircraft is up in the air, this controls specific autopilot settings. But when the aircraft is on the ground, this controls the activation of the nosewheel steering system.
# '''Autopilot Emergency Disengage Paddle:''' multifunction button. Disengages all autopilot modes and DLC and releases all autopilot switches and roll and pitch SAS switches to OFF position.
# '''Weapon Firing Trigger:''' two-stage trigger switch for forward firing weapons (rockets, missiles, guns). The first detent enables CTVS and gun camera. Second detent releases selected forwards firing the weapon.

=Flight Controls & Landing Gear=
----
==Flight Controls==
[[File:Wheels-flaps.png|thumb|500px]]
The F-14B has a large hydraulic system which covers for all of the control surfaces of the aircraft. Without the hydraulic system, or taking damage the controls are in risk of improperly working. The F-14 Tomcat was the last of its generation to have no integration of an FBW or FCS system, which was introduced with the F-15 Eagle.

The F-14's primary flight controls are:
* '''Left Spoilers (LES):''' A set of spoilers that lie within the left wing of the aircraft that help with aileron movement and control that react opposite of the intended direction.
* '''Right Spoilers (RES):''' A set of spoilers that lie within the right wing of the aircraft that help with aileron movement and control that react opposite of the intended direction.
* '''Tailerons (TAIL):''' Two horizontal stabilizers located on the rear end of the aircraft that control both pitch and aileron movement.
* '''Leading Edge Flaps (LEF):''' Normal slats located on the leading (front) edge of the wings to add lift.
* '''Trailing Edge Flaps (TEF):''' Normal flaps located on the trailing (back) edge of the wings to add lift.

The control stick controls the stabilators, ailerons, and rudder and the rudder pedals control the rudder.

===Flaps System===
The aircraft's flap system provides more lift (and as a byproduct, drag). The flaps lever has two positions:
* '''NONE:''' This applies no flap whatsoever to the wings of the aircraft.
* '''FULL:''' This applies full movement of flaps to the wings of the aircraft.

The flaps lever allows for variable movement, which gives the pilot the ability to control the amount of flap they wish for.

===Speed Brake===
The speed brake is 2 flaps located on the end of the aircraft designed to provide drag to decelerate faster. It is activated via the speed brake switch on the throttle. The two positions are:
* '''EXT:''' When the switch is moved aft, this extends the speed brake of the aircraft out depending on the airspeed.
* '''RET:''' When the switch is moved forward, this retracts the speed brake.

===Trim===
The tailerons are capable of being trimmed to make roll and pitch corrections. This is accomplished with the trim hat on the controls stick. When the autopilot system is engaged, the onboard computer will attempt to make active trim movements in order to keep the aircraft within the specified attitude when set, along of the setting parameters. As speed is either gained or lost, the trim will actively move the stick as well along of the tailerons to adapt.

===Wing Sweep===
The wings of the aircraft are a variable-sweep design allowing for automatic or manual movements from pilot input on the right throttle quadrant. Similar to wing fold, the wings are able to be overswept from its maximum position through a master reset of the system in order to allow tighter space and closer parking on the carrier deck.

==Landing Gear==
The F-14 Tomcat has 3 retractable landing gears: the nose gear, the left gear, and the right gear. The gear is moved via the gear lever on the left side of the cockpit. In the up position, the gear will retract. In the down position, the gear will extend. The gear lever cannot be put up with weight on wheels. The gear will not retract with the launch bar extended.

===Nosewheel Steering===
The nose gear features nosewheel steering (NWS) controlled by the rudder pedals. With the weight off of the wheels, it is disengaged. It automatically engages upon there being the weight on wheels. NWS is disengaged manually via the button on the stick.

===Launch Bar===
On the front nosegear is a launch bar that attaches the airplane to a catapult from launches from an aircraft carrier. Its deployment is pilot-controlled, but it is connected to the catapult by the ground crew (DCS default binding is U).

It is controlled via the launch bar switch on the left upper console. When the switch in the RETRACT position, the launch bar will retract, but physically cannot do so when connected to the catapult. The switch will move to the RETRACT position automatically when there is a weight off wheels. In the EXTEND position, the launch bar will extend if there is the weight on wheels.

=Autopilot and Autothrottle=
----
The F-14 Tomcat has the ability to automate certain types of flight via its Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS) and Automatic Throttle Control (ATC). The AFCS, or simply the autopilot, control the flight surfaces and the ATC controls the throttles.

==AFCS==
[[File:afcs.png|thumb|500px]]
The Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS), or just the "autopilot", controls the aircraft's flight controls to automate maneuvering. It is interfaced on the autopilot panel via the A/P engage switch. On the autopilot panel, there are 7 modes able to be toggled:
# '''Pitch Stabilizer Augmentation:''' 2-position switch. This switch controls the ability for the pitch to be augmented for dampening.
# '''Roll Stabilizer Augmentation:''' 2-position switch. This switch controls the ability for the roll to be augmented for dampening.
# '''Yaw Stabilizer Augmentation:''' 2-position switch. This switch controls the ability for the yaw to be augmented for dampening.
# '''VEC/PCD/ACL Switch:''' 3-position switch. This switch controls the remote control modes of autopilot with the steering bars and ACLS.
# '''ALT Switch:''' 2-position switch.' This switch controls the ability to maintain the current altitude when autopilot is engaged.
# '''HDG/GT Switch:''' 3-position switch. This switch controls the ability to maintain the current heading when autopilot is engaged.
# '''ENGAGE Switch:''' 2-position switch. This switch engages and disengages the autopilot.

==ATC==
The automatic throttle control (ATC), or just "autothrottle", controls the physical throttles and thereby automated thrust control. ATC is toggled via ATC engage/disengage switch next to the throttle. When the ATC is engaged, the physical means of the throttle quadrants will begin to move on their own. However, whenever the pilot makes any new movement to the throttle whatsoever, the ATC will disengage to allow pilot control over both of the engines. The ATC is primarily used for landing on a carrier along with the ACLS system. ATC will disengage upon front wheel contact on a hard surface, such as an aircraft carrier deck or runway.

=Digital Systems Overview=
----
[[File:displays.png|thumb|500px]]
==Pilot==
The F-14 Tomcat comes with 2 digital display screens in the Pilot cockpit:
* '''Vertical Display Indicator (VDI):''' a multifunction display that allows for the pilot to see their HUD in a form of a repeater, and the [[#Television Camera Set|TCS]].
* '''Horizontal Situation Display Indicator (HSD):''' a multifunction display that allows for the pilot to see their virtual compass for navigation modes, and the [[#AWG-9 Pulse-Doppler Radar|AWG-9 Radar]] from the RIO TID as a repeater.

===Heads Up Display===
The head-up display (HUD) is a projected display at the front of the cockpit that serves as the primary flight instrument. It also provides various indications for weapon delivery; this section will cover the HUD's indications in NAV master mode. Master mode/weapon-specific indications on the HUD will be covered in the relevant section.

====Reject Modes====
Via the switches next to the TO button on the displays panel, you are able to "declutter" or remove information off of the HUD.

==Radar Intercept Officer==
The Radar Intercept Officer (RIO) comes with 3 digital display screens in the RIO cockpit:
* '''Detail Data Display (DDD):''' a dual-purpose display that allows for the RIO to see contacts on the [[#AWG-9 Pulse-Doppler Radar|radar]], based on the range and radar mode.
* '''Tactical Information Display (TID):''' a multi-purpose display that allows for the RIO to see their [[#AWG-9 Pulse-Doppler Radar|AWG-9]] situational awareness, [[#Television Camera Set|TCS]], [[#TARPS Pod|TARPS]] and [[#LANTIRN Targeting Pod|LANTIRN]] pods.
* '''Horizontal Situation Display Indicator (HSD):''' a multi-purpose display as to the one in the pilot cockpit.

==Master Modes==
The F-14 Tomcat has 5 primarily modes for information displayed. The 5 master modes are:
* '''TO:''' switch. Displays takeoff information on HUD and VDI for degrees.
* '''CRUISE:''' single-purpose button. Displays in-air flight information on HUD and VDI for degrees.
* '''A/A:''' single-purpose button. Displays air-to-air information on HUD and VDI for degrees; and weapon employment.
* '''A/G:''' single-purpose button. Displays air-to-ground information on HUD and VDI for degrees; and weapon employment.
* '''LDG:''' single-purpose button. Displays landing information on HUD and VDI for degrees.

Additionally, the F-14 Tomcat has an Air Combat Maneuver (ACM) panel which controls all air-to-air and air-to-ground aspects for armament.

=Navigation=
----
The F-14 Tomcat has an inertial navigation system (INS) that allows the pilot to navigate by internal gyros aligned. However, due to the fault of having no GPS assistance, these gyros slowly drift over time and cause misalignment for visual information.

==HSD==
[[File:Hsd.png|thumb|500px]]
The Horizontal Situation Display Indicator (HSD) is the primary interface with the airplane's navigation systems. The HSI can be accessed from the bottom display screen. The basic function of the HSI is a rotating compass with a looking-from-above perspective. The controls for this screen are:
# '''BRT Control:''' dial. Controls the brightness of the HSD screen.
# '''HDG Control:''' dial. Controls the heading reference in TACAN mode.
# '''CRS Control:''' dial. Controls the course heading reference in MAN and TACAN modes.
# '''Test Button:''' single-purpose button. Resets the HSD screen if overload protection activates.
# '''BIT Indicator:''' light. Shows a white light if a failure produces in the HSD.

=== Steering Commands ===
The HSD comes with a set of 5 different steering commands, which each have their own purpose towards displaying certain information:
* '''TACAN:''' single-purpose button. Displays information based off of a radio beacon with range and direction.
* '''DEST:''' single-purpose button. Displays information off of a selected waypoint from the RIO with range and direction.
* '''AWL/PCD:''' single-purpose button. Displays information off of an ICLS frequency with azimuth and elevation bars (on VDI and HUD)
* '''VEC:''' single-purpose button. ? (needs more info.)
* '''MAN:''' single-purpose button. Displays information off of an entered heading (HDG Control) with direction.

==Waypoints==
The F-14B comes with an onboard flight computer system that handles waypoint navigation during in-air flight. The navigation system in the F-14B Tomcat gives a variety of waypoint holders, along with information for a set home plate.

===Pilot===
For the F-14B pilot, the waypoint information is able to be accessed by the DEST steering command and by using the NAV HSD display mode.

===Radar Intercept Officer===
For the F-14B Radar Intercept Officer, (RIO) the waypoints must be manually assigned by the RIO through the Computer Address Panel (CAP) system under the TAC DATA category. Once done, the waypoint must be selected through the CAP and entered in with coordinates similar to how INS alignment procedures are done.

==TACAN==
Tactical Air Navigation (TACAN) is a military radio navigation system. A TACAN beacon allows for an aircraft to determine its bearing and range from it, and using this information can navigate. TACAN's may be ground-based or be broadcasted by an airplane. TACAN channels have two bands, X and Y, and range from 1-126. 2 TACAN channels may be set present in the aircraft by both the Pilot and RIO for simultaneous use.

The TACAN setting knobs give a range of these options:
*'''T/R:''' Transmit and receive. Gets bearing and range from the TACAN.
*'''RCV:''' Receive. Gets bearing from the TACAN.
*'''A/A:''' Air-to-air TACAN mode.
*'''X:''' Tunes the selected frequency on the X band.
*'''Y:''' Tunes the selected frequency on the Y band.

==ICLS==
For night and low visibility operations, aircraft carriers have an Instrument Carrier Landing System (ICLS) to allow for instrument approaches to the carrier. ICLS provides horizontal and vertical guidance. The F-14 is equipped with ICLS.

To activate the airplane's ICLS antenna, an ICLS dial is present to the right of the warning lights advisory panel, with an ARA on/off switch, used to toggle power to the system.

When ILS is selected on the HSI, two bars, one horizontal and one vertical, appear near the velocity vector on the HUD. These indicate a vertical and horizontal deviation from the optimal glideslope (3°) and course to the deck. When they are both aligned with the velocity vector (making a "+"), the aircraft is on course.

==ACLS==
For CAT III conditions and poor visibility, the F-14 is equipped with the Automatic Carrier Landing System (ACLS) to allow an automatic flight to the carrier via. a radio-guided input from a Landing Signal Officer. (LSO) The auto-throttle and autopilot systems must be engaged and present during the time of activation with this system, along with lights given to the left of the VDI display.

Datalink is required between the aircraft and the carrier in order for ACLS to work. When the best position of the azimuth and glideslope bars are within parameters, the nosewheel steering button is pressed in order to engage guidance.

==Navigation Failures==
The F-14B has a variety of navigation failures that may/can occur, including methods to fix them.

===Navigation Fix Update===
An error of latitude or longitude in the computer position of the aircraft can be corrected by a navigation fix update. Updating is especially important in the backup modes (AHRS AM and IMU/ AM) because of the estimated winds and magnetic variation changes. A nav fix is done via a ground-reference-point (latitude and longitude) position. The range and bearing of this position to the present aircraft position are used to update or correct existing values. The nav system may be updated by either a radar fix, a TACAN fix, or a visual fix.

Before performing a nav fix, the latitude and longitude of the desired update point (radar, TACAN, or visual) must be stored in one of eight navigation point locations (three WPs, FIX PT, HOME BASE, HOST AREA, DEF PT, and IP). This data can be stored prior to flight by data link or by manual insertion. Then follow these steps:

# Hook the Waypoint you choose to select for the nav fix.
# Check the stored latitude and longitude on the TID.
# Rotate the CATEGORY switch to NAV and select the desired type of update.

Note that updating the position while in INS, and to a lesser degree while in IMU, can introduce a greater navigational position error than already present, in particular, if radar fix is used to update the nav system. Updates with a visual or TACAN fix provide reasonable accuracy (assuming a good MAG VAR during TACAN updates). Updating your nav system via a nav fix should be primarily used in the AHRS mode.

===Radar Fix Update===
An RDR FIX may be selected before or after positioning the DDD cursors. If the RDR FIX button is depressed, the computer computes the present position of the aircraft by measuring the range and bearing from the selected point. The delta between the computer position and the position determined by the INS is then displayed on the TID. If the entry of this delta into the navigation computations is desired, press the FIX ENABLE button. If the delta does not appear to be correct, the computer and the readout can be cleared by pressing the RDR FIX button. The fix may then be attempted again. The RIO should also perform periodic checks of own aircraft system altitude and update the altitude if necessary.

Radar updating is performed as follows:

# TID CURSOR/CAP - Hook Desired Navigation Point for Update.
# PULSE SRCH button - Depress.
# On sensor control panel: STAB switch - IN. EL BARS switch - 1. AZ SCAN switch - As Desired.
# RDR FIX button - Depress.
# DDD CURSOR button - Depress.
# Action switch - Half Action (first detent).
# Cursor is displayed on DDD.
# Manipulate hand control DDD cursor over desired ground map point.
# Action switch - Full Action and Release. (This will cause the DDD cursor to remain at the selected position.
# Observe the delta for LAT and LONG on TID.
# If readouts are unsatisfactory, deselect RDR FIX and repeat steps 4 through 12.
# FIX ENABLE button - Depress.

===TACAN Update===
To perform a nav fix by TACAN requires that a restored waypoint shares identical LAT and LONG values with the TACAN station that will be used for the fix. Select the TACAN channel for the desired station and verify by listening to the coded identifier tone in the headset.

Press the TACAN FIX button to update the aircraft position from a TACAN station. The WCS computer then calculates the own aircraft position error based on the range and bearing from the TACAN station. The delta is then entered in the same manner as with a radar fix.

Perform a TACAN fix following these steps:

# Select a TACAN channel whose latitude and longitude correspond to an update point.
# Hook desired update point (WAYPT 1, FIX PT, HOME BASE, etc.).
# CATEGORY switch - NAV.
# TACAN FIX button - Depress.
# Observe present position delta readout.
# If delta is unsatisfactory, deselect TACAN FIX and repeat steps 2 through 7.
# FIX ENABLE button - Depress.

===Visual Update===
To perform a visual fix, fly over a restored waypoint and press the VIS FIX button. Estimate your timing, because the aircraft nose and fuselage can obscure the fixed point during an overflight. It is also difficult to estimate when directly overhead a waypoint if the aircraft altitude is greater than 10.000 feet. The delta for the visual fix is displayed on the TID. Enter the delta by pressing FIX ENABLE.

To perform a visual fix use the following steps:

# Hook desired update point (WAY PT, HB, IP, etc.).
# Select NAV category on CAP.
# Overfly the selected restored point and when over the point, depress the VIS FIX button on the cap.
# If the delta is not satisfactory, press VIS FIX again to clear the delta and repeat from step 1.
# If a satisfactory delta is displayed, depress the FIX ENABLE button; this causes the delta correction of own-aircraft position to be inserted into the computer.

===Datalink Update===
To perform a data link update of the aircraft INS to the TDS frame of reference, the aircraft and TDS must share a prebriefed waypoint, identical in latitude and longitude. Enter this LAT/LONG data into the HOST AREA pseudo target file. The TDS will uplink the common reference point as a data link waypoint. When the aircraft and TDS INS systems agree, the data link waypoint and host area symbols will be superimposed on the TID. If they drift apart, the two pseudo targets on the TID will drift as well.

To perform an update via data link, use the following steps:

# Hook data link waypoint corresponding prebriefed reference point.
# Select NAV category on CAP.
# Overfly the hooked data link waypoint. When immediately over the point, press VIS FIX button on CAP.
# Observe delta LAT and LONG on TID.
# If deltas are satisfactory and update is desired, depress FIX ENABLE.
# After a data link update, HOST AREA and data link waypoint should be superimposed on the TID again.

===Fighter-to-Fighter Navigation Update===
Net aircraft that use fighter-to-fighter data link can update their navigation system in the FF/DL mode. To update LAT/LONG hook the net aircraft symbol of an aircraft that is in close proximity and select F/F NAV UPDATE on the CAP. This will enter the hooked aircraft’s coordinates into the INS as own-aircraft coordinates. To update the nav system on an aircraft that is not close, first obtain a radar STT on that aircraft, hook the STT-ed aircraft on the TID and then press F/F NAV UPDATE on the CAP.

=Defensive Systems=
----
The F-14B is equipped with various defensive systems: the AN/ALE-39 Countermeasure Dispensing System (CMDS), for the release of chaff and flares, the AN/ALQ-126 Deception ECM (DECM), for jamming enemy radar, and the AN/ALR-67 Radar Warning Reciever (RWR), for detection of enemy radar emitters and missile launches.

==AN/ALR-67 RWR==
[[File:alr-67.png|thumb|400px]]
The AN/ALR-67 Radar Warning Receiver (RWR) provides the Hornet the ability to detect radars via the radio/microwave radiation they emit.

===Audio Tones===
Accompanying the RWR are various audio feedback tones:
*'''Single Beep:''' A new ground- or sea-based emitter has been detected.
*'''Double Beep:''' A new airborne emitter has been detected.
*'''Repeating Beep:''' An emitter is tracking.
*'''Faster Repeating Beep:''' An emitter is guiding a missile or is a missile.

On the RWR gauge, the RWR knob will control the volume of the RWR tones.

===Emitter Identifiers===
''This list is, at present, not complete.''
{|class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
!Type
!RWR ID
|-
|U
|Unknown
|-
|M
|Active radar-homing missile
|-
|S
|Search radar
|-
|3
|SA-3 "Goa"
|-
|6
|SA-6 "Gainful"
|-
|8
|SA-8 "Gecko"
|-
|10
|SA-10 "Grumble"
|-
|11
|SA-11 "Gadfly"
|-
|11
|F-111 Aardvark
|-
|12
|SA-12 "Gladiator"
|-
|13
|SA-13 "Gopher"
|-
|13
|C-130 Hercules
|-
|14
|F-14 Tomcat
|-
|15
|F-15 Eagle
|-
|15
|SA-15 "Gauntlet"
|-
|16
|F-16 Fighting Falcon
|-
|17
|C-17 Globemaster III
|-
|18
|F/A-18 Hornet
|-
|22
|Tu-22 "Blinder"
|-
|23
|MiG-23 "Flogger"
|-
|24
|Su-24 "Fencer"
|-
|25
|MiG-25 "Foxbat"
|-
|29
|MiG-29 "Fulcrum"
|-
|29
|Su-27 "Flanker"
|-
|29
|Su-33 "Flanker-D"
|-
|30
|Su-30 "Flanker-C"
|-
|31
|MiG-31 "Foxhound"
|-
|34
|Su-34 "Fullback"
|-
|39
|Su-25M "Frogfoot"
|-
|40
|''Spruance''-class destroyer
|-
|48
|''Nimitz''-class carrier
|-
|49
|''Oliver Hazard Perry''-class frigate
|-
|50
|A-50 "Mainstay"
|-
|52
|B-52 Stratofortress
|-
|76
|IL-76 "Candid"
|-
|78
|IL-78 "Midas"
|}

==AN/ALE-39 CMDS==
[[File:f14 cms.png|thumb|500px]]
The AN/ALE-39 is the countermeasures dispensing set installed in the F-14B in this simulation. It controls its own set of launchers located between the engine nozzles on the underside of the so-called beaver-tail. The launchers each have two sections, one containing 10 cartridges and the other 20. They are referred to the left and right dispensers even though the left is really the front one and the right the back one with both being mounted inline on the left side of the tailhook. This is a remnant from the earliest model F-14s carrying the AN/ALE-29.

This all sums up to a capacity of 60 cartridges in the system with each section necessarily holding one type of cartridges meaning that any combination of cartridges is possible as long as each type’s quantity is a multiple of 10. The system itself has no real knowledge of what is loaded where so incorrectly programming the system can lead to the wrong type of cartridge being ejected.

===Cockpit Controls===
The system itself can be operated manually from the control panel in the RIO pit or the DLC thumbwheel on the pilot stick when the flaps lever is in the up position. It is also capable of running programmed sequences of ejection which in turn can be initiated manually by the RIO from the control panel or the direction hats mounted on the handhold over the DDD. In addition, the AN/ALR-67 can also initiate the chaff ejection program if set up correctly on the AN/ALE-39 control panel.

==AN/ALQ-126 DECM==
The AN/ALQ-126 deception jammer is designed to detect radar threats, analyze them, select the optimum countermeasure technique available and apply it. Available techniques for jamming are amongst others, main lobe blanking, inverse con-scan, range-gate pull-off and swept square modes. In DCS this is modeled as a simple noise jammer due to engine limitations but controlled by the DECM logic as to when it’s on or off.

===Cockpit Controls===
The controls for the AN/ALQ-126 DECM are all located on the right horizontal panel in the RIO pit, the panel as the image above. In addition, there are two indication lights co-located with the RWR threat indicators on the right side of the TID. The mode selector knob controls power and operational mode that the system is in. The modes for the DECM are as follows:

* '''OFF:''' turns off power to the system. STBY begins pre-warming of the system, taking in all-around 5 minutes.
* '''TEST HOLD 3 SEC:''' is used to prepare the system for BIT, after 3 seconds in this mode, turn the knob to TEST - ACT.
* '''TEST ACT:''' starts the BIT in the system. The BIT takes approximately 30 seconds and the RCV light will be illuminated the whole time while the XMIT light will flash twice. If the STANDBY light illuminates it indicates that a no-go condition exists in the system.
* '''REC:''' enables the system to receive the only mode, enabling analyzation of threats and also the threat audio.
* '''RPT:''' enables full system functionality, in addition to REC it also now tries to jam threats according to the selected method.

=Television Camera Set=
----
[[File:tcs_symbology.png|thumb|500px]]
The F-14B is outfitted with the ALQ-100 Television Camera Set (TCS) pod, used for visually identifying aircraft during the time of which IFF was not a trusted/more inferior method to confirming hostile aircraft and to keep track of their position, as well as their living status.

==Symbology==
On the TID, in non-TV mode, a TCS track is indicated by a 1.5” strobe at TCS LOS azimuth with a hollow circle at the end.

The symbology on the video feed from the TCS has indicators for the FOV and two crosshairs indicating TCS LOS relative own aircraft, GACH, and AN/AWG-9 radar LOS relative TCS LOS, RACH. Additionally, the track window is indicated by 4 small squares representing each corner of that window.

The gimbal angle crosshairs or GACH, which is a solid cross, indicate deflection of the TCS LOS from the aircraft datum line, ADL. GACH crosshair in the center indicates TCS LOS along ADL and deflection towards the edges indicate deflection towards the gimbal limits with the video edges being maximum deflection.

RACH or radar angle crosshairs, a dashed crosshair, indicate radar antenna LOS when inside the current TCS FOV. When the sensors slave to one another RACH and GACH will coincide creating a single solid crosshair.

The track window indicates the area that the TCS contrast tracker is currently locked on to if it has acquired a target. When not in an active track these squares collapse into the center of the display being 2% of the screen width when in manual mode and 5% when in an auto mode.

=LANTIRN Targeting Pod=
----
[[File:flir.png|thumb|500px]]
The F-14B can carry the AN/AAQ-14 Low Altitude Navigation and Targeting Infrared For Night (LANTIRN) targeting pod. This pod consists of a Forward-Looking Infrared (FLIR) camera (which also includes a digital charged coupled device camera) for target locating and observing, a Laser Target Designator/Ranger for firing a laser that both designates targets for laser-homing weapons and gathers ranging information for designating whatever the FLIR is pointed at as an air-to-ground, and a Laser Spot Tracker (LST) which can search for and track a laser, allowing for the FLIR to be cued onto an offboard (ground or air-designated) laser from another unit and then designate a Target off said point; this allows for most effective buddy-lasing. The targeting pod can be used in both air-to-ground and air-to-air functions, but the LTD/R and LST are only used for A/G operation.

==Symbology==
The following areas on the LANTIRN are to represent:
# '''A/C Position Data:''' Displays aircraft LAT/LON, altitude, and groundspeed information.
# '''LANTIRN Polarity:''' Displays white or hot background. AGC is for automatic gain control, MGC is for manual gain control.
# '''LANTIRN Information:''' Gives general information on the pod. SR is for slant range, AZ/EL for azimuth/elevation of sight, and rest is UTC time.
# '''LANTIRN Track Mode:''' Displays the current tracking mode. A/A is for air-to-air, A/G is for air-to-ground. Right side is for current selected weapon.
# '''Track Data:''' Displays information of LAT/LON and altitude of where the sight is at.
# '''Track:''' Displays the hairs for point and area track, and what the sight is directly pointed at.
# '''Launch Envelopes:''' The top tape is for the heading relative of the aircraft to the track. The right side tape is for the release point.

=TARPS Pod=
----
Not yet implemented.

=Air-to-Air Radar=
----
==Detail Data Display==
[[File:f14 ddd.png|thumb|500px]]
Among the 3 digital displays, the Detail Data Display gives the RIO information about contacts from the AWG-9 radar in terms of range and radar mode, with respect to the notch filter.

===Notch Filter===
The AWG-9 radar in the F-14B Tomcat has a notch filter when using the pulse-doppler radar modes under certain conditions. These conditions include, but are not limited to:

* ~100 knot difference of the aircraft relative to contact
* Contact flying 90 degrees perpendicular CW/CCW to aircraft
* Masking with ground terrain scan return

There is a rough line shown in the radar modes, likewise of the jamming lobe, for when considering the notch filter that the contact will disappear from.

==Tactical Information Display==
[[File:f14 tid.png|thumb|500px]]
The Tactical Information Display (TID) gives the RIO of the F-14B the main information on the AWG-9 radar, including situational awareness, range, altitude, and contact heading.

===Display Modes===
The TID comes with a total of 8 display modes available, that can be toggled either on or off for purposes of gathering more information or decluttering:

* '''RID DISABLE:''' ? needs more info. Not yet implemented.
* '''ALT NUM:''' Displays the altitude of contact with a singular digit rounded to the nearest thousand.
* '''SYM ELEM:''' Displays the symbology of contacts corresponding to HAFU.
* '''DATA LINK:''' Displays contacts from the datalink frequency.
* '''JAM STROBE:''' Displays the jamming strobes. Not yet implemented.
* '''NON-ATTK:''' Displays determined (manual IFF or datalink) HAFU of friendly contacts.
* '''VEL VECTOR:''' Displays the velocity vectors of contacts.
* '''LAUNCH ZONE:''' Displays contact approximate missile launch zones.

==AN/AWG-9 Radar==
The F-14 Tomcat is equipped with the AN/AWG-9 all-weather and pulse-doppler radar. It is a very long-range radar used for the main purpose of intercept.

===Radar Modes===
The AWG-9 in the F-14B comes with 2 types of radar modes: doppler and pulse-doppler search. Of those two, subsets are able to be observed as 5 in this list:

* '''PD SRCH:''' Pulse-Doppler Search mode. No bias factor of the radar, but impedes to pulse-doppler methods.
* '''PD STT:''' Pulse-Doppler Single Target Track mode. By default upon acquiring a lock with the AWG-9, the radar will move to this function mode. It is currently suspectable to the notch filter.
* '''RWS:''' Range While Search mode. The radar will prioritize the range of targets but not other factors. Falls under pulse-doppler.
* '''TWS MAN:''' Track While Scan - Manual mode. The radar will prioritize the situational awareness of other targets but not give information on every target. The radar will also prioritize targets by threat importance.
* '''TWS AUTO:''' Track While Scan - Auto mode. The radar will perform the same as TWS Man, but the elevation and azimuth controls will be automated in the process for an optimal scan.
* '''PULSE SRCH:''' Pulse Search mode. No bias factor of the radar and can not be impeded to the notch filter, unlike the pulse-doppler method. The radar will, however, output a return of everything that is scanned and requires tuning.
* '''PULSE STT:''' Pulse Single Target Track mode. Performing similarly to Pulse Search mode, this function mode applies to only a single target and is not suspectable to the notch filter.

====Pulse-Doppler Search Mode====
[[File:f14 pulsedoppler.png|thumb|350px]]
The pulse-doppler search mode is used mainly as a kind of early warning mode. It is the search mode with the greatest detection range but it can display no range to the RIO, only closure rate. For this reason, the TID can display no track information.

====Pulse-Doppler STT Mode====
[[File:f14 pdstt.png|thumb|350px]]
The pulse-doppler STT works and looks much like the pulse STT mode. It does, however, have the same advantages and disadvantages compared to pulse STT as the other pulse-doppler modes compared to the pulse modes. This means that while much better at tracking a target close to the ground it is however vulnerable to notching.

The DDD display for pulse-doppler STT looks like pulse STT display except that the target return and antenna azimuth display are moved to the left side of the screen and a generated synthetic target marker is displayed at the correct azimuth instead. This is so that the targets range can be displayed by the synthetic target, unlike the other pulse-doppler modes which only shows closure rate. The other symbology on the DDD in this mode are the same as in pulse STT.

====Range While Search Mode====
In range while search, a frequency measuring ranging mode is added (FM ranging) to allow the radar to measure the range of tracked targets in addition to closure rate. This additional processing does, however, mean that the effective range of the radar is somewhat lesser. The display on the DDD is the same as in pulse-doppler search, the TID however also shows tracks in this mode showing the targets as tracks momentarily as they’re scanned and displaying their position and altitude.

The targets are shown for a maximum of two seconds or until the antenna again scans the same bar at the same azimuth at which time it is removed unless detected again. The maximum number of concurrently shown tracks are 48.

====TWS Manual Mode====
The track, while scan mode uses the same FM ranging as RWS with the same reduction in range compared to pulse-doppler search and the DDD display, is also the same. The main difference that the computer establishes track files and tracks up to 24 targets concurrently of which 18 can be shown on the TID at any given time.

As the computer routine calculating these tracks need a set track refresh time of 2 seconds this limits available azimuth scan area and bar settings to either 20° 4 bars or 40° 2 bars. When entering TWS the computer automatically selects the ±20° 4 bar scan disregarding the RIO set scan volumes unless those are set to ±40° 2 bars in which case that is used instead.

The TWS mode is also the only mode enabling guidance of the AIM-54 at multiple targets (up to six), and as soon as engageable targets are detected the computer starts assigning them a missile priority number according to optimal missile firing sequence.

====TWS Auto Mode====
Performing similarly to TWS Man mode, what differs between the two is that in TWS auto the computer takes control of used scan volume and scan pattern azimuth and elevation as soon as target tracks are present. The WCS computer automatically tries to optimize the scan volume and direction so that tracking of the prioritized targets is maximized. If not selected before launch the WCS overrides as soon as the first AIM-54 is launched and selects TWS Auto.

====Pulse Search Mode====
[[File:f14 pulse.png|thumb|350px]]
Pulse search is used to search for and find airborne targets at range. It is possible to use this radar mode as a basic ground mapper as well which can be useful for navigation and navigational fixes and can also be used in a pinch to detect larger surface targets like ships. Keep in mind though that the radar is not built with this as its main function and that a real air-to-ground radar will outperform it handily.

In this mode, the radar cannot by itself differentiate targets and generate tracks meaning that the WCS will not generate track files and display anything on the TID. This also means that pulse search is not capable of guiding missiles.

====Pulse STT Mode====
[[File:f14 pstt.png|thumb|350px]]
Pulse STT is used to track a single target, like pulse search mode it is not susceptible to notching but it is to ground clutter. The fact that the STT modes use gates to track the target, in this case, range gates, means that it is less susceptible to ground clutter but a target close enough to the ground that the ground return enters the range gates would be likely to shake the lock.

As it is only in the pulse-doppler modes that the missile guidance commands can be sent pulse STT is limited to launching AIM-7s in CW mode and AIM-54s in an active launch mode limiting their ranges. At short ranges, ACM ranges, it is possible to use the ASPECT switch to set what aspect of the target to track, this is just to counter different types of countermeasures. As an example, if set to NOSE the radar will be less susceptible to chaff as the radar weights its track towards the targets leading-edge (nose) away from the chaff being launched behind the target.

A successful track is indicated by the ANT TRK and RDROT indicator lights on the DDD, meaning that the antenna is tracking the target and that the target is within the range gates. If the target is jamming with sufficient strength, negating a range track, the radar will transition to a jam angle track instead, indicated by the JAT indicator light on the DDD illuminating instead of the RDROT. When range tracking is again possible at closer ranges the radar will transition to that instead.

The DDD in this mode will be similar to the pulse search mode but the antenna will be locked onto the target and not scan. Additionally, the DDD will show the range gates around the target, a closing rate symbol at the right scale and applicable attack symbology if a valid missile is selected.

===Anti-Jamming Modes===
Not yet implemented.

===AN/APX-76 IFF Interrogator===
The AN/APX-76 IFF (Identification Friend or Foe) interrogator is integrated into the AN/AWG-9 operation. Then interrogator antenna itself is located on the AN/AWG-9 antenna gimbal platform. An IFF system works by sending out an interrogation pulse and then listening for returns from cooperating transponders. In addition to the unencrypted civilian mode the AN/APX-76 is capable of interrogating in the encrypted military mode 4. This ensures that targets replying to mode 4 interrogations are indeed friendly. The AN/APX-76 can be used both in search radar modes and in STT radar modes. To enable interrogation the IFF switch is depressed on the Detail Data Display Panel which then activates the interrogator for as long as the button is held up to 10 seconds max.

When enabled IFF received IFF returns are then overlaid on the normal AN/AWG-9 radar returns on the DDD. A friendly target will be indicated with two bars, one above and one below the normal radar return. As the AN/APX-76 is a separate radar, secondary mode, radar apart from the AWG-9 the IFF can sometimes also detect targets not detected by the AWG-9. In this case the IFF return will not have a radar echo inside it. In the search mode this is overlaid over each target replying and in STT over the STT target. Additionally, if the STT target is hooked on the TID the DDD will switch from normal range display to a ±10 NM display to enable display of multiple returns in case of closely grouped targets.

==HAFU/Datalink==
[[File:HAFU.png|right|80px]]
Hostile, Ambiguous, Friendly or Unknown (HAFU) is a symbology system used by the F/A-18 to represent trackfiles; specifically, to show its status as a friendly or hostile. It is usually what trackfiles are displayed as across the software.

There are four HAFU symbols:
*'''Triangle:''' Hostile (red when colored)
*'''Thick Staple:''' Ambiguous (yellow when colored)
*'''Half-Circle:''' Friendly (green when colored)
*'''Thin Staple:''' Unknown (yellow when colored)

All types except ambiguous can be manually assigned via the [[#SA Format|Situational Awareness]] format. Tracks will also be automatically identified as explained below.

A hostile HAFU will be assigned whenever:
* A negative IFF response is returned, and
** An NCTR print returns with an aircraft type that is on the hostile coalition; or
** A SURV (surveillance, like an AWACS) source over datalink also marks it hostile; or
** A F/F (fighter-fighter, like another F/A-18) source over datalink also marks it hostile.

An ambiguous HAFU will be assigned when the aircraft and a donor have conflicting identifications (friendly and hostile).

A friendly HAFU will be assigned whenever an IFF interrogation returns as friendly or the track itself is contributed to by the Precise Participant Location and Identification (PPLI) system.

An unknown HAFU will be assigned by default until it is updated by meeting one of the requirements above.

=Air-to-Air Weapons=
----
This area will cover over all the different air-to-air weapons brought with the F-14B Tomcat.

==Air-to-Air Gun==
[[File:f14 gun aa.png|thumb|500px]]
''Using Real-Time mode.''

The F-14 Tomcat is outfitted with the M61A1 Vulcan 6-barreled Gatling cannon, being able to hold up a maximum of 675 rounds internally.

===Gun Rates===
The cannon offers 2 modes of combat in the F-14B:

* '''LOW:''' mode which slows down the muzzle rate, used for Air-to-Ground.
* '''HIGH:''' mode which is to be used for Basic Fighter Maneuvering. (BFM)

===Gun Modes===
The cannon for Air-to-Air mode is able to be placed into 2 following positions:

* '''Manual:''' this mode is able to be selected by depressing the CAGE/SEAM button, which will then only display the pipper and ammo count.
* '''Real-Time:''' this mode is the regular, default mode. Along with a radar lock, the pipper will calculate to be accurate when directed to the diamond contact box. This will also give a closure rate towards the contact and the range relative to the aircraft.

===Symbology===

The symbology for the cannon is displayed on the HUD with the weapon master selector in the GUN position, and display in A/A. By default, the gun rounds indicator will be displayed as 0 for rounds per 100. Located next to the display panel to the right is the gun ammo counter. Additionally, the gunsight elevation is also able to be adjusted underneath the steer commands on the display panel.

==Air-to-Air Missiles==
===Missile Preparation===
Missile preparation in the F-14B Tomcat is started by moving the master arm switch on the ACM panel underneath the HUD to ON. This is then followed by pressing the MSL PREP and SW COOL buttons to be ON, depending on the armament type.

===AIM-54 Phoenix===
The AIM-54 is a long-range, semi-active radar missile for Air-to-Air use. The F-14 was the only aircraft to carry it in service and was used to take down Soviet bombers. However, it is able to be used on fighters as well. The AIM-54 comes with a proximity fuse and missile gate suite for non-direct contact explosions and radar tracking methods.

Upon the launch of the missile, active input from the AN/AWG-9 radar is used to guide itself towards the contact. When reaching pitbull range (~20 nmi.) the missile will then use the radar in itself and steer until impact.

The time until impact will be calculated during the whole flight of the missile after the launch sequence on the TID as a seconds counter next to the contact.

====Missile Variants====
The AIM-54 for the F-14 in DCS is not only just 1 variant but 2 provided for the aircraft:

* '''AIM-54A Mk.60:''' The A variant Mk.60 is a specific version of the AIM-54 Phoenix which utilizes burn time and speed over agility and smoke. The Mk.60 is able to be fired from at most ~100 nmi. under optimal conditions, factoring altitude, kinetic airspeed, contact airspeed, and altitude. The recommended firing distance of the variant, however, is ~45 nmi.
* '''AIM-54C Mk.47:''' The C variant Mk.47 is a later upgrade to the missile that utilizes agility and smoke over burn time and speed. While the C variant provides a no-smoke solution, it lacks the favoring of speed and distance. Under optimal conditions similar to the A, this missile variant is best at ~60 nmi. The recommended distance to contact for firing is ~30 nmi.

====Launch Modes====
The main seeker in the AIM-54 is able to be fired through 3 launch modes in according:

# '''Semi-active Radar Homing (SARH):''' In the first stage of the AIM-54 engagement, the missile is guided semi-actively by the AN/AWG-9 radar using both guidance commands transmitted via the radar and radar energy reflected off the target. Then when the missile is within range of its seeker’s ARH mode the AN/AWG-9 commands the missile to switch to ARH. In pulse doppler STT the AIM-54 uses SARH all the way to the target receiving guidance commands at a greater rate than in TWS and also continuous spotlighting of the target because of the STT mode being used. This increases the effective range of the AIM-54 seeker slightly.
# '''Active Radar Homing (ARH):''' This tells the WCS to immediately command the AIM-54 to go active in the first guidance command after launch. If launched at a target within 6 NM if in the targets rear hemisphere or 10 NM miles if in its forward hemisphere the WCS will also automatically command this mode instead of a SARH mode. If the target is not detected actively by the seeker it will still fall back to SARH until the seeker can acquire on its own like in the two SARH modes.
# '''ACM Active:''' The missile is commanded active before launch making this the only mode where the missile is truly fire and forget. The AIM-54 missile receives the active message before launching from the WCS in addition to a command prepositioning the seeker-head to have it look at the current WCS track if available.

Additionally, the AIM-54 has an unofficial method of launching the missile:

* '''Mad-dogging:''' A method that uses the aircraft relative to their contact altitude and airspeed and firing the AIM-54 in the direction, which will force it to become semi-active within the pitbull range.

====HUD Symbology====
[[File:f14 aim54 hud.png|thumb|400px]]
The pilot will receive standard symbology of the AIM-54 missile selected when the display is in A/A mode. Similar to the GUNS format, displayed on the HUD will be the weapon type denoted in 2 letters, and the number of missiles. Additionally, any more advanced symbology will occur by lock, which is required at first to fire the missile without "mad-dogging."

====VDI Symbology====
[[File:f14 aim54 vdi.png|thumb|400px]]
The pilot will also receive additional symbology on the VDI whenever a radar lock occurs with the AIM-54 selected.

WIP.

===AIM-7 Sparrow===
The AIM-7 Sparrow is an active-radar guided missile for Air-to-Air employment. This missile requires an active radar lock to a contact in order to guide itself for impact. The benefit of this missile is that it is able to lose trackoing guidance if the aircraft breaks the lock on a friendly contact, as well as being able to be used in a mixed scenario.

The maximum range of the Sparrow under optimal conditions as the Phoenix is ~25 nmi. The recommended distance, however, is roughly ~10 nmi.

===AIM-9 Sidewinder===
The AIM-9 Sidewinder is an IR-guided missile that self tracks based off of thermal energy (heat) of an aircraft. This missile should be used for close quarters range, where agility and speed are a high priority. The benefit of this missile is how quickly it can turn onto a contact. However, a con to this can be "sun-aiming," where the missile follows a contact that flies directly to the sun and immediately flanks out of the sensor sight of the Sidewinder.

The maximum range on this missile is ~10 nmi., but recommended range is within ~5 nmi. under optimal conditions.

=Air-to-Ground Weapons=
----
The F-14B Tomcat comes with a variety of air-to-ground weapons after the upgrade to the Bombcat.

==Air-to-Ground Gun==
The symbology of the Air-to-Ground Gun is similar to of the Air-to-Air mode. The weapon will instead keep a diamond inside with the cross until passing the horizon threshold. All happens with the Gun selected and the HUD steering command in A/G mode.

==Air-to-Ground Bombs==
The F-14 Tomcat is able to carry numerous types of munitions that act as bombs, whether dumb or laser-guided.

===Mk-20/81/82/83/84 GPB===
WIP.

===GBU-12/14/16 LGB===
WIP.

===BDU-33 Training Bomb===
The BDU-33 is a training bomb that emits smoke upon impact on a hard surface. This is generally used in training for Air-to-Ground in the Tomcat, and among other aircraft.

===ADM-141 TALD===
The ADM-141 Towed Air Launch Defense (TALD) missile is a decoy weapon that is employed for doing Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses. (SEAD) The TALD missile represents one of the only true SEAD weapons used in DCS World that is not DEAD-related. The objective of the TALD is to be dropped to confuse SAM sites that use radar guidance so other aircraft are able to destroy them, hence being "suppressed."

The TALD is only able to be successfully launched when the RWR is receiving a radar lock warning or missile warning in the F-14 Tomcat. Only the F-14B Tomcat is able to use this weapon.

==Air-to-Ground Rockets==
The F-14 Tomcat carries 4 4-count Zuni rockets, which are precision, unguided rockets that are able to be fired in an Air-to-Ground configuration.

=Resources=
----
==Contributors==
* Jak: An early contributor who wrote information on what the aircraft was and helping serve filler content.
* Nullspec: Contributor towards the F/A-18C Hornet on implemented/non-implemented for the formatting.

==Manuals & Documents==
* [https://info.publicintelligence.net/F14AAP-1B.pdf F-14B NATOPS Pocket Checklist]
* [http://www.heatblur.se/F-14Manual/ Heatblur F-14 Manual]
* [https://www.mudspike.com/chucks-guides-dcs-f-14b-tomcat/ Chuck's F-14 Guide]

==Heatblur's Videos==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q1o7E9pb95Y Episode 1: Overview]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OO3IdQjAdDA Episode 2: Pilot's Cockpit Walkaround]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ws1GxPG2ZXw Episode 3: Cold And Dark (Full Startup)]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kgpGO7fj4oU Episode 4: The RIO's Office]

==Jabbers' Tutorial Videos==
(They're good!)

* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2qwlJs__iYk Pilot - Startup/Taxi/Takeoff with JESTER AI]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b5opjCygZug Pilot - Maneuvering and Flight Characteristics]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f4y2oZ-7rM8 Pilot - Air-to-Air Refueling]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ujk4hL_EnUc Pilot - ACM - Radar Acquisition Modes]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wftck0C3fJ8 Pilot - Weapons - Zuni Rockets with JESTER AI]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4m-Q02gxFEA Pilot - Weapons - AIM-9 Sidewinder]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SWeHtpJ00JI RIO - Startup]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r4-Dd4ss2Rc RIO - AWG-9 Radar]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YG7sWweg2RQ RIO - IFF Interrogation]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2q-bHFyTEr8 Overview - AIM-54C Mk.47 Phoenix - Tacview Debrief]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PyAQpqVhtBY Overview - AIM-54A Mk.60 Phoenix - Tacview Debrief]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4groy-_Bxfk Quick Tips - AIM-54 Phoenix]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Is3AtOX-abw Quick Tips - Bombing]

==RedKite's Tutorial Videos==
(More in-depth on particular systems, referenced throughout the guide.)

* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R9-8UCj66Ds Pilot/RIO - LANTIRN & LGB Bombs]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k5femxA_lis Pilot/RIO - ICLS & ACLS]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YqQz9YrEi6A Pilot/RIO - INS Fix]

Brevity List

2019-08-07T00:15:10Z

Nanne118: /* Miscelanneous Codewords and Abbreviations */

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__TOC__

== Introduction ==

In air combat, being concise is key. Seconds can be the difference between life and death. Consequently, various terms over the years have been established to convey greater meanings, while also saving those precious seconds on the airwaves.

While this is not a definitive list of code-words and terms used in aerial combat, these are the major code-words that should be understood.

== Mission Brevity ==

Brevity codewords used in the administration and conduct of a mission.

{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | <big>Mission Brevity</big>
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Code-word
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
|-
|As Fragged
|Unit performing mission as briefed.
|-
|Bent
|System is broken.
|-
|Bingo
|Fuel state needed for recovery at HOME PLATE.
|-
|Blind
|No visual contact with friendly aircraft / ground position.
|-
|BRAA
|Point out using Bearing, Range, Altitude, Aspect. Relative from friendly fighter to target.
|-
|Bullseye (B/E)
|Fixed point in the battlespace from which references are given.
|-
|Buster
|Set max continuous power (mil power).
|-
|Chicks
|Admin term to denote friendly aircraft.
|-
|Clean
|No sensor info on group of interest / No visible battle damage / No external stores.
|-
|Commit
|Directive to intercept the group of interest.
|-
|Cons
|Contrails.
|-
|Faded
|Sensor data is lost on group or contact.
|-
|Feet wet / dry
|Flying over water / land.
|-
|Fence in / out
|Set cockpit switches as appropriate before entering / exiting the combat area.
|-
|Gadget
|RADAR / Emitter equipment.
|-
|Gate
|Set max speed, including afterburner.
|-
|Home Plate
|Home airfield / ship.
|-
|Joker
|Fuel state above bingo, bug out / RTB should be initiated.
|-
|Judy
|Aircrew has taken over control of the intercept.
|-
|Midnight
|C2 sensors are unavailable. Opposite of SUNRISE.
|-
|No Factor
|Not a threat.
|-
|No Joy
|Aircrew does not have visual contact with the target / bandit.
|-
|Pigeons
|Magnetic bearing and range to HOMEPLATE.
|-
|Playtime
|Amount of time that aircraft can remain aloft.
|-
|Posit
|Request for friendly position, either in reference to B/E or other fixed location.
|-
|Push
|Switch to designated frequency.
|-
|Saunter
|Fly at speed of best endurance.
|-
|Sick
|System is operational, but degraded.
|-
|Snap
|Directive to expedited turn to desired heading / Fighter request for BRAA to indicated group.
|-
|Status
|Request for an individual's / group's tactical situation.
|-
|Sunrise
|C2 Sensors are available. Opposite of MIDNIGHT.
|-
|Tally
|Sighting of target, enemy aircraft or position.
|-
|Uniform
|UHF / AM radio.
|-
|Victor
|VHF / AM radio.
|-
|Visual
|Sighting of a friendly aircraft or position. Opposite of BLIND.
|-
|What luck
|Request for results on mission / task.
|-
|What state
|Request for amount of fuel and missiles remaining.
|}

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== Tactical Brevity ==

Brevity code-words found in tactical scenarios, either air to air (A/A) or air to ground (A/G) engagements.

{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | <big>Tactical Brevity</big>
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Code-word
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
|-
|Abort
|Cease action / attack.
|-
|Active
|Referenced emitter is radiating at the stated location.
|-
|Alpha Check
|Request for bullseye check.
|-
|Anchor
|Directive to orbit specific point.
|-
|Arizona
|No anti-radiation ordnance remaining.
|-
|Asleep
|Referenced emitter is no longer radiating at the stated location.
|-
|Avalanche
|Indicates friendly forces require reinforcements at the stated location.
|-
|Azimuth
|Direction to threat / picture label describing two groups separated laterally.
|-
|Bandit
|GROUP is confirmed as enemy, has not reached engagement criteria.
|-
|Beam
|GROUP is travelling perpendicular to friendly fighters path, enemy version of notching. Used as a fill in on BRAA and B/E calls.
|-
|Birds
|Friendly surface to air missiles.
|-
|Blow Through
|Directive to continue straight ahead at the merge.
|-
|Bogey
|GROUP is of unknown identity.
|-
|Broke Lock
|Loss of RADAR / IR lock on.
|-
|Buddy Lock
|RADAR locked to a known friendly aircraft.
|-
|Buddy Spike
|Friendly RADAR lock-indications on RWR.
|-
|Bugout
|Separation from engagement with no intent to reengage / return.
|-
|Cold
|To flow away from the engagement.
|-
|Delouse
|Directive to detect, ID, and engage (if required) unknown platform trailing friendly.
|-
|Dirt
|RWR indications of surface threat in search mode. See MUD and SINGER.
|-
|Down
|Referenced emitter has stopped emitting at stated location.
|-
|Drag
|Track direction of a GROUP, similar to COLD in that the group is flowing away from the fight. Used as a fill in on BRAA and B/E calls.
|-
|Engaged
|Friendly fighter is being engaged by hostile forces.
|-
|Fast
|GROUP is at or faster than 600 Kts ground speed. Used as a fill in on BRAA and B/E calls.
|-
|Flank
|Track direction of a GROUP, pointed 30 - 60 degrees off of friendly. Enemy version of CRANK. Used as a fill in on BRAA and B/E calls.
|-
|Fox #
|Indicates launch of friendly missile. 1 for semi-active, 2 for IR seeking, 3 for active, 4 for guns.
|-
|Furball
|Non-friendly and friendly aircraft are merged together.
|-
|Gorilla
|Large formation of undiscernable number and formation.
|-
|Green
|Direction of no known enemy threats.
|-
|Group
|Any number of contacts within 3NM of each other.
|-
|High
|GROUP is at or above forty thousand feet. Used as a fill in on BRAA and B/E calls.
|-
|Hostile
|GROUP is confirmed as enemy, has reached engagement criteria.
|-
|Hot
|Track direction of a GROUP, is pointing right at friendly fighter. May be used as a fill in on BRAA and B/E calls dependent on controller.
|-
|Husky
|Active missile has attained High Pulse Repetition Frequency (HPRF), no longer requires support from the launching fighter.
|-
|In
|Turning towards known threat. Opposite of OUT.
|-
|Leaker
|Airborne threat that has passed through friendly defences.
|-
|Leaning on
|GROUP is showing bias towards a friendly element.
|-
|Locked
|RADAR lock on target, SORT and TARGETING are not assumed.
|-
|Maddog
|Visual active missile shot, with no previous lock.
|-
|Magnum
|Launch of a friendly anti-radiation missile.
|-
|Merge / Merged
|Friendly and hostile forces have entered the visual arena.
|-
|Mud
|RWR indications of a surface threat locking on. See DIRT and SINGER.
|-
|Naked
|No RWR indications.
|-
|Out
|Turning away from known threat. Opposite of IN.
|-
|Pig(s)
|Friendly launch of glide weapons, such as the JSOW.
|-
|Pitbull
|Active missile has attained Medium Pulse Repetition Frequency (MPRF), no longer requires support from the launching fighter.
|-
|Raygun
|RADAR lock onto unknown aircraft.
|-
|Remington
|No ordnance remaining other than gun / self protection munitions.
|-
|Rifle
|Launch of a friendly A/G missile.
|-
|SAM
|Visual on a surface to air missile launch.
|-
|Singer
|RWR indications of surface threat missile launch. See DIRT and MUD.
|-
|Skosh
|Aircraft is out of / no longer able to employ active missiles.
|-
|Sniff
|Passive sensor indications of a RADAR emitter. Artificial on Hoggit servers.
|-
|Splash / Splashed
|Target destroyed, weapons impact.
|-
|Target
|Assignment of targeting responsibilities.
|-
|Targeted
|Fighter has acquired assigned GROUP and has assumed responsibility for engagement.
|-
|Timeout
|Launched missile has reached end of its projected flight path, and should have reached termination.
|-
|Trashed
|Friendly launched missile defeated.
|-
|Trespass
|Addressed flight has entered threat range of a surface threat.
|-
|Tumbleweed
|Unit has limited to no situational awareness, and requires information.
|-
|Vanished
|GROUP has faded, however, has been correlated to a missile shot.
|-
|Winchester
|Aircraft is out of all munitions.
|}

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== Carrier Brevity ==

Work in progress, please standby!

== ATC / Flight Terminology ==

Work in progress, please standby!

== Miscelaneous Codewords and Abbreviations ==

Please find below a list of miscellaneous terms and abbreviations you may hear on Hoggit servers. CTRL+F is your friend!

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Brevity
! style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
|-
| (Number) o´clock
| General direction relative to you, as on a clock face: 12 is ahead, 6 is rear, 3 & 9 are left & right
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | (Rate of) Closure
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Relative rate of approaching aircraft, with respect to your own aircraft
|-
| (V)ID
| Call to identify the target, (Visual) Identification
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | AAA
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Anti-Aircraft Artillery
|-
| AAR
| Air-to-Air Refueling
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Abort (abort abort)
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Cease action / attack / event / mission
|-
| ACM
| Air Combat Maneuvring
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Active
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Missile that has its own on-board radar transmitter and receiver for targetting
|-
| AGL
| Above Ground Level, obtained from radar altimeter. Moves with ground, such as going over a mountain
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | AGM
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Air-to-Ground Missile
|-
| Alert 5
| Aircraft on carrier that are on five minute standby for launch, to provide rapid backup
|-
|-
| AMRAAM
| Advanced Medium Range Air-to-Air Missile
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Anchor(ed)
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Hold at current / indication position
|-
| Angels
| Altitude in thousands (1000) of feet: Angels 21 is 21,000 feet
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | AOA
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Angle Of Attack, the relation between the air hitting the plane and the direction of travel
|-
| ARM
| Anti-Radiation missile
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | ASL
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Above Sea Level, requires you to know altimeter pressure setting for the barometric altimeter readout
|-
| Asleep
| Enemy SAM is not active and is not expecting friendly units
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | AWACS
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Airborne Warning and Control System
|-
| Awake
| Enemy SAM isactive and is expecting friendly units
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Bandit
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Confired enemy
|-
| BDA
| Battle Damage Assesment, check to see what damage your weapons did
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Bearing
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Given direction on a compass, for example when spotting a target: ''contact bearing 123°''
|-
| Bent
| Broken item on the aircraft: 'The radar is bent'
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | BFM
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Basic Fighter Maneuvring
|-
| Bingo
| Minimum fuel state needed for recovery to (air)base
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Bingo on the ball (aka Trick or Treat)
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Aircraft is running out of fuel, so this will be last landing attempt, before diverting to a nearby airfield
|-
| Bittersweet / blue on blue
| Friendly units (accidentally) engaging other friendly units
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Blind
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | No (visual) contact on the target ( / friendly) unit
|-
| Bogey
| Unidentified aircraft (could be hostile or friendly)
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Bogey Dope
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Request for target information to nearest (or specified) group, in BRAA
|-
| Bolter
| Aircraft during carrier landing has failed to catch an arresting wire, thus needing to try and land again
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | BRA(A)
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Bearing, Range, Altitude, (Aspect: Hot, Flanking or Cold)
|-
| BRC
| Base Recovery Course
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Break (direction)
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Call to move in indicated direction, in a high G turn
|-
| Broken Arrow
| Direct all nearby aircraft to the transmitter to provide emergency fire support, troops are being overrun
|-
| Buddy
| Confirmed friendly
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Buddy (spike)
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Response to 'Raygun'; Friendly unit is actively locking on to me,
|-
| Bugout
| Moving out in specified direction with no intent to reengage / return
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | BVR
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Beyond Visual Range
|-
| CAP
| Combat Air Patrol, (supporting other units in the area by) engaging hostiles in air-to-air
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | CAS
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Close Air Support, (supporting other units in the area by) engaging ground targets
|-
| CBU
| Cluster Bomb Unit (Mk-20 Rockeye, CBU-87, CBU-97)
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | CCZ
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Carrier Controlled Zone
|-
| Cease (action)
| Discontinue, stop (cease fire means stop shooting)
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | CG
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Center of Gravity
|-
| Chaff
| Counter measure against radar missiles, kind of similar to glitter on steroids
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Check six
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Look behind you
|-
| Cherubs
| Altitude in hundreds (100) of feet: Cherubs 5 is 500 feet
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Clara
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Pilot has no visual on the 'meatball' or IFLOLS, used for glideslope when landing on a carrier
|-
| Cleared Hot
| Ordinance release / attack is authorized
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Cloak / lights off
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Turn off lights so that only NVG lights are shown on the aircraft
|-
| Combat Spread
| Aircraft flying line abreast, with a decent amount of seperation to avoid all getting hit at once (100 - 300 feet)
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Commit
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Intercept group of interest, begin the action
|-
| Contact
| Unit detected at <relative point (you, bullseye, other)>, <BRA>, <hot / cold / flanking>
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Contact
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Detected unit
|-
| Course
| Actual direction of travel in degrees on compass; North 0°, East 90°, South 180°, West 270°
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Covey Launch
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Simultaneous launch of multiple aircraft from the carrier
|-
| Cranking
| Flanking the enemy whilst keeping them locked up in the gimbal edges of the radar
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Danger close
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Friendly units are in close proximity of the target and are likely to be in the splash zone of the weapon
|-
| Declare
| Identify specified group or track(ed target)
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Defensive / defending
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Maneuvring to avoid threat (typically a missile)
|-
| Departing (the envelope)
| Leaving / flying outside aircraft limits, aircraft has become uncontrollable
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Drag
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Any impedance to the aicraft's forward movement through the air
|-
| Ease Guns to Land
| Pulling the throttles back on carrier landing (never do this)
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | ECM
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Electronic Counter-Measures, to distort the (radar) signals / systems of the enemy
|-
| Engage
| Commence attack, fire control order
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | EW
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Electronic Warfare
|-
| Eyeball
| Visual (EO) or infrared acquisition of a target
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Faded
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Radar contact is lost on previously acquired target
|-
| Feet dry
| Over land
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Feet wet
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Over water
|-
| Fence
| Set cockpit switches as appropriate before entering / exiting the combat area
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Fence In
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Entering enemy controlled airspace (during mission), set weapons hot
|-
| Fence Out
| Leaving enemy airspace (during mission), weapons can be set to cold
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Fireweall
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Push the throttles all the way forward, for maximum engine power output
|-
| Flanking
| Target is heading in a ± 45 degree angle, in a effort to crank / notch you
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Flight
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Group of airplanes in a tasking / mission
|-
| Flight Envelope
| Performance limits of an aircraft
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Flight Level (FL)
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Identical to ''Angels''; flight altitude in thousands (1000) of feet; FL 50 is 50 000 feet
|-
| Fox # (short, medium, long)
| Shooting a missile
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Fox 1
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Semi active missile, homes onto reflected radar waves emitted from launch aircraft
|-
| Fox 2
| Heat seeking missile, homes in on engine heat from the targetted unit
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Fox 3
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Active missile, first homes on reflected radar like semi-active, then activates its own small radar
|-
| Fox 4 / Guns, guns, guns
| Firing guns
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Furball / clusterfuck
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Indicating known friendly and non-friendly aircraft in close proximity, such as a dogfight
|-
| GBU
| General purpose Bomb Unit (Mk-82, Mk-82, GBU-12
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | GCI
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Ground Controller Intercept
|-
| Gimbal (limit)
| Limits on a sensor operating range, such as the radar or targetting pod
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Group
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Number of targets close together, typically heading in the same direction
|-
| Heading
| Where my aircraft is pointing on a compass
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Hold fire
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Do not shoot, destroy already launched missiles / weapons
|-
| Hook
| Cue sensor (targetting pod, radar) towards the directed target of interest
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Hostile
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Contact identified as enemy, with clearance to fire
|-
| Hot / cold
| Hot means the contact has the nose pointed towards you, cold means he is going away from you
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | HOTAS
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Hands On Throttle And Stick
|-
| HUD
| Heads-Up Display
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | IFF
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Identification Friend or Foe; determining if the target is hostile or friendly
|-
| IFR
| Instrument Flight Rules: flying with your aircraft instruments in bad weather conditions
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | ILS
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Instrument Landing System
|-
| IMC
| InterMediate Conditions; bad weather
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | In the goo
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | In the clouds, limited visibility
|-
| JDAM
| Joint Direct Attack Munition, typically GPS guided (GBU-31, GBU-38)
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Jink(ing)
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Unpredictable maneuvers to negate a tracking solution or lock
|-
| JSOW
| Joint StandOff Weapon, glidebomb etc. (AGM-154)
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Level flight
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Not climbing or descending
|-
| Laser On
| Call to begin laser illumination (Use this if your buddy is lasing for your munitions).
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Lasing
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | You have begun laser illumination
|-
| Level wings
| Not banking or rolling
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Maddog
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Active missile is launched where its radar is immediately turned on, engaging the first target it sees
|-
| Magnum
| Anti-radiation missile launch
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Mark your father / mom
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Give position relative to the carrier: aircraft number, bearing and range
|-
| Marking
| Contrailing (smoking) / In contrailing altitude: typically > 25,000 and < 40,000 feet
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Markpoint
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Designated point of interest, typically within the datalink / sensor system
|-
| Merge(d)
| Friendlies and targets are in the same visual arena / geographical location
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Mil Power
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | The maximum amount of thrust from a jet engine without engaging the afterburner
|-
| Mother, Boat, Bingo Field
| Aircraft Carrier
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Mud / Spike
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Radar is locking you up, mud denotes ground radar
|-
| Music
| Use of jamming to deny being locked up, either by you, friend, or foe
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Nails
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | RWR contact in search mode
|-
| Naked
| No RWR or (radar) information on enemy
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | No joy
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | No (visual) contact on the target ( / enemy) unit; opposite of 'Tally'
|-
| Notching
| Flying perpendicular to the aircraft attacking you with radar (missiles) to try and spoof the radar (missile)
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | On station
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Unit has reached assigned location
|-
| Oops
| What you say after you let an SU-27 get on your wingman's six o'clock
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Orbit(ing
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Hold current / indicated position, typically in a circular orbit above the indicated location
|-
| Overshoot
| Being forced out in front of an opposing aircraft, most likely due to having too much airspeed
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Package
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Group of different aircraft combined to perform a single mission
|-
| Padlocked
| Crew cannot takes eyes off the target without losing it
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Passive
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Receiving signals without needing to emit your own signals to obtain data
|-
| Payload
| Usefull loadout of an aircraft, including ordinance, fuel, etc.
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Pickle
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | (Cluster / General-purpose) Bomb Unit release
|-
| Picture
| Request for AWACS to provide air information / air overview relevant to mission
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Pitbull
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Missile has gone active (turned on its own radar)
|-
| Pk
| Probability of kill
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Pop-up
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Units have suddenly appeared
|-
| Press
| Pushing on to the enemy you are engaging (shortly)
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | PRF
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Pulse Repetition Frequencies
|-
| Pucker Factor
| Method of rating (dangerous) missions, from 0 to 10 (0 being the lowest, 10 being the highest)
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Punch out
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | To eject from the airplane
|-
| Radar (Radio Detection And Ranging)
| A pulsed beam of energy used to scan for, detect, and return information about a target
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Raygun
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Locking up an unknown target, querying the IFF response from friendly units
|-
| Rejoin
| Return to close formation flight
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Rifle
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Air to ground missile launch
|-
| ROE
| Rules Of Engagement, dicates how you are to engage targets (ie return fire only)
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | RWR
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Radar Warning Receiver, reads and presents current radar signals spiking your aircraft
|-
| SAM
| Surface-to-Air Missile
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | SAM (direction)
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Visual acquisition of SAM in flight or SAM launch, including position reference
|-
| Section
| Flights are divided into sections of 2 - 3 aircraft (similar to fireteams in a squad)
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Semi-active
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | (Missile) Has its own radar receiver, but targets reflected radar waves / illumination from the host aircraft
|-
| Shack
| Weapons impact on ground (unit)
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Situational Awareness (SA)
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Knowing what is going around you at all times: where are enemies, where are friendlies, is my six clear?
|-
| Sparkle
| IR Pointer (from a Targetting Pod)
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Spike
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Threat on the RWR receiver: 'Badger 1-1 has an SA-10 spike at twelve o'clock'
|-
| Splash
| Enemy target hit
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Stack
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Two or more contacts are in close together (in a group)
|-
| Stall
| Due to high / low AOA, the maximum lift capability is exceeded, resulting in an abrupt loss of lift
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Status
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Report situation
|-
| STOVL
| Short Take-Off and Vertical Landing
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Tally (Ho)
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Recognition of an enemy unit; opposite of 'No Joy'
|-
| TFR
| Terrain Following Radar
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | TLAR
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | That Looks About Right; winging it
|-
| Trashed
| Missile has been defeated
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | VFR
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Visual Flight Rules; fly by your eyesight when it is clear enough to see
|-
| Visual
| Recognition of an friendly unit or (landmark) object
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | VTOL
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Vertical Take-Off and Landing
|-
| Wilco
| Will Comply with received instructions
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Winchester
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | No ordinance (missiles, bombs) remaining
|-
| WVR
| Within Visual Range
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | Zulu (time)
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | GMT+0, Greenwich Time
|}

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== Reference Documents ==

Please see below for more comprehensive documents outlining NATO and U.S. operational brevity code-words.

http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a404426.pdf

http://nato.radioscanner.ru/files/article140/brevity_words_app7e_.pdf

Threat Database

2019-07-31T17:40:18Z

Nanne118: /* Surface to Air Missile Systems (SAMs) */

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[[File:SA-6 'KUB' missile system exercise!.jpg|thumb|SA-6 Kub]]

The DCS universe is full of things that are constantly trying to kill you. In some cases, such as [[DCS: Black Shark]], even your very own aircraft wants nothing more than to introduce you to the ground with maximum prejudice. In other cases, the threats you will encounter are proper anti-aircraft platforms, and that's what is covered here.

It helps to get an idea of what's out there. You should know when it's okay to dirty yourself when you hear ''BEEP! BEEP BEEP!'' come from your [[RWR]] vs. when it's safe to turn music back up. A [[SA-13 Gopher]] isn't much of a threat when you're 20,000 AGL, but if you see an [[SA-10 Grumble]] or one of its radars pop up on your green screen, well, it's probably a good time to call the wife and kids and tell them you might be stuck at the office for a while.

__TOC__

[[File:RWR table horz.PNG|thumb|600px|Basic symbology overview]]

<br />

==Symbology Overview==

Here is a list of symbology that can be found on most modern (Western) fighters: note that the Russian planes may make use of a different RWR system that does not use these symbols. Note that the symbols denote critical differences between various threats: an American F-15C jet aircraft will have the same symbol ('15') as a Russian SA-15 Tor SAM system: the ^ HAT symbol differentiates between airborne or not airborne threat.

==Threat Overview==

{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Ground
Threat
Guide
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Threat
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | NATO
Code
! rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | RWR
IDENT
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Type
! rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Gun
Ammo
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Missile
Amount
! rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Speed
(mach)
! colspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Range (nm)
! style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Radar
(nm)
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Acquire
Time
(sec.)
! colspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Altitude (ft)
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Danger
(1~10)
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Min
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Max
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Max
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Min
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Max
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000; color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="7" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | AAA
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2K22M Tunguska
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-19 Grison]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-S6.PNG|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP, RAD, LSR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1936
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 8x SACLOS
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2/4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0 / 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 16000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 5
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | Flk. Pnz. Gepard
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | A
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 660
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | M163 VADS
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2280
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ZPU-1/2/4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 50 - 4800
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.7
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 1
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ZSU-23-4 Shilka
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | A
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1.3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 12
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ZSU-57-2 Sparka
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 254
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 14000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
|-
| style="font-size:12px;" | Zu-23-3 Sergey
| style="font-size:12px;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px;" |
| style="font-size:12px;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px;" |
| style="font-size:12px;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px;" | 1.3
| style="font-size:12px;" |
| style="font-size:12px;" | 4
| style="font-size:12px;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px;" | 6500
| style="font-size:12px;" | 1
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="3" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MPD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3K38 Igla
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-18 Grouse]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.25
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 12000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9K338 Igla-S
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-24
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.25
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 12000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | FIM-92 Stinger
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 11000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000; color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="8" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SHORAD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 9A33 Osa
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-8 Gecko]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-8.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 16
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 26
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 50
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 21000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | Strela-1 9P31
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | '''[[SA-9 Gaskin]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 12000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 6
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 9K35 Strela-10
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-13 Gopher]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-13.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 75
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 15000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9K331 Tor
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | '''[[SA-15 Gauntlet]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-15.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 8x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 6.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 16
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 60
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 26000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 7
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Jeep Avenger ADS
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP, IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 180
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 8x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3.7
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 11000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | M6 Linebacker
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP, IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 1500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 11000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MIM-115 Roland
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RO
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 10x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 5.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 11
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 30
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 19500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | MIM-72G Chaparral
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 150
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 5
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="5" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MERAD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S-75 Devina
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-2
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 02
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 25
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | S-215 Pechora
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | '''[[SA-3 Goa]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-3.PNG|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 13.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 40
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 21
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 700
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 33000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 5
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2K12 Kub
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-6 Gainful]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-6.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 19.2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 47
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 28
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 33000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9K37 Buk
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | '''[[SA-11 Gadfly]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-11.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-SD.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP, RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 20.2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 90
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 26
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 450
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 45000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 8
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MIM-23 Hawk
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | HA, HK
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 25.6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 12
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 450
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 45000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000; color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | LORAD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S-300PS
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-10 Grumble]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-10.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-BB.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-CS.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP, RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 40
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 160
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 50
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 150000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 10
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | MIM-104 Patriot
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 1.6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 86
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 92
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 200
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 80000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 10
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="11" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | TGT RAD*
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | P-19 Flat Face
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-3
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | FF
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Often part of SA-3, but can also guide others
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 85
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SNR-125 Low Blow
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-3
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-3 Missile guidance radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 22
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1S91 Straight Flush
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-6
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-6 Target acquisition and tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9S80M1 Dog Ear
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-9
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | DE
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-9, SA-13, ZSU-23-4 support radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 20
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 5N66M Clam Shell
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-CS.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10 TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 64
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 64H6E Big Bird
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-10
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-BB.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-10 TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 160
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 30N6E Flap Lid
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-10.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10 Target tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9S18M1 Snow Drift
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-11
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-SD.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-11 TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 86
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Roland Radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RO
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Roland TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 16
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | AN/MPQ-46 HPIR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | HA
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | MIM-23 Hawk Target tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | AN/MPQ-53
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | HK
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MIM-104 Patriot acquisition and tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="5" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | EWR / ACQR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1L13 Box Spring
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Early Warning / Surveillance Radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 160
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 130000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 55G6 Tall Rack
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | Early Warning / Surveillance Radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 215
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 130000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | P-37 Bar Lock
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 210
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | PRW-11 Side Net
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RSP-7 Two Spot
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 20
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Types: OP = optical, RAD = radar, LSR = laser,
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Missile reload time for units supplied with logistical facilities (supply trucks, friendly bases) is approx. 10 minutes
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Target radars (often) boost (radar) range and reaction time of the default vehicle: you could still be locked with the launchers own radar / optics
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Vehicles that do not use radar for guidance may still use it for ranging and target detection (SA-13, SA-19)
|}

<br />
<br />

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range (nm)
! scope="col" | Max range (nm)
! scope="col" | Min Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Max Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Speed (Mach)
! scope="col" | Armament
! scope="col" | Threat Level
|-
|| '''[[SA-3 Goa]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-125 S-125 Nyeva]
|| [[File:RWR-3.PNG|50px]]
|| 3.24
|| 13.5
|| 300
|| 82,200
|| 3+
|| 4
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-6 Gainful]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA_6 3M9 Kub/Kvadrat]
|| [[File:RWR-6.png|50px]]
|| 2.16
|| 13
||
|| 46,000
|| 2.8
|| 3
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-8 Gecko]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-8 9K33 Osa]
|| [[File:RWR-8.png|50px]]
|| 0.8
|| 5.4
|| 80
|| 19,700
||
|| 6
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[SA-9 Gaskin]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-9 9K21 Strela-1]
|| N/A (IR Guidance)
|| 0.43
|| 2.27
|| 100
|| 11,500
|| 1.8
|| 4
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[SA-10 Grumble]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-10 S-300]
|| [[File:RWR-10.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-BB.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-CS.png|50px]]
||
|| 25.4
||
|| 98,500
|| 6
|| 4
|| '''Extreme'''
|-
|| '''[[SA-11 Gadfly]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-11 9K37 Buk]
|| [[File:RWR-11.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-SD.png|50px]]
|| 2
|| 13
||
|| 39,400
|| 2.8
|| 4
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-13 Gopher]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-13 9K35 Strela-10]
|| [[File:RWR-13.png|50px]]
|| 0.1
|| 2.7
|| 30
|| 11,500
|| 1.6
|| 4
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[SA-15 Gauntlet]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-15 9K330 Tor]
|| [[File:RWR-15.png|50px]]
|| 0.54
|| 6.5
||
|| 19,700
|| 2.7
|| 8
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-18 Grouse]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K38_Igla 9K38 Igla]
|| N/A (IR Guidance - MANPAD)
|| N/A
|| 2.8
||
|| 9,800
||
|| 1
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-19 Grison]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-19 9K22 Tunguska]
|| [[File:RWR-S6.PNG|50px]]
|| 0.8
|| 6.5
||
|| 19,700
||
|| 8
|| Moderate
|}

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==Missiles==

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range (nm)
! scope="col" | Max range (nm)
! scope="col" | Min Altitude
! scope="col" | Max Altitude
! scope="col" | Speed (Mach)
! scope="col" | Armament
! scope="col" | Threat Level

|-
|| '''[[R-24R]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-23_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 10.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-24T]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-23_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 10.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-27ER]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 37.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| High
|-
|| '''[[R-27ET]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 37.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| High
|-
|| '''[[R-27R]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 27
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-27T]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 21.6
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2.5
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-60]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-60_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 2.7
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-73]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-73_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 8.09
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2.5
|| High Explosive
|| Very High
|-
|| '''[[R-77]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-77_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 31.07
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Very High

|}

===NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range (nm)
! scope="col" | Max range (nm)
! scope="col" | Min Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Max Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Speed (Mach)
! scope="col" | Armament (Warhead Type)
! scope="col" | Threat Level
|-
|| '''[[AIM-120B]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-120_AMRAAM link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 29.71
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 4
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|-
|| '''[[AIM-120C]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-120_AMRAAM link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 29.71
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 4
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|-
|| '''[[AIM-7M]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-7_Sparrow link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 24.31
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|-
|| '''[[AIM-9M]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-9_Sidewinder link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 9.71
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2.5
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|}

==Aircraft==

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range
! scope="col" | Max range
! scope="col" | Min Altitude
! scope="col" | Max Altitude
! scope="col" | Speed
! scope="col" | Armament
|-
|| '''[[shell]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-125 link]
|| [[File:RWR-3.PNG|50px]]
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK

|}

==Airspace Surveillance==

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Flexibility
! scope="col" | Max detection range
! scope="col" | Min Altitude
! scope="col" | Max Altitude
|-
|| '''[[Dog Ear]]'''
|| 1S80 "Sborka" PPRU
|| [[File:RWR-DE.png|50px]]
|| self-propelled
|| 80 km
|| UNK
|| UNK
|-
|| UNK
|| 55G6-1 NEBO
|| [[File:RWR-S.png|50px]]
|| stationary deployable
|| 500 km
|| UNK
|| 40 km
|-
|| '''[[Box Spring]]'''
|| 1L13-3 NEBO-SV
|| [[File:RWR-S.png|50px]]
|| stationary deployable
|| 500 km
|| UNK
|| 40 km

|}

Threat Database

2019-07-31T17:39:31Z

Nanne118: /* Symbology Overview */

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[[File:SA-6 'KUB' missile system exercise!.jpg|thumb|SA-6 Kub]]

The DCS universe is full of things that are constantly trying to kill you. In some cases, such as [[DCS: Black Shark]], even your very own aircraft wants nothing more than to introduce you to the ground with maximum prejudice. In other cases, the threats you will encounter are proper anti-aircraft platforms, and that's what is covered here.

It helps to get an idea of what's out there. You should know when it's okay to dirty yourself when you hear ''BEEP! BEEP BEEP!'' come from your [[RWR]] vs. when it's safe to turn music back up. A [[SA-13 Gopher]] isn't much of a threat when you're 20,000 AGL, but if you see an [[SA-10 Grumble]] or one of its radars pop up on your green screen, well, it's probably a good time to call the wife and kids and tell them you might be stuck at the office for a while.

__TOC__

[[File:RWR table horz.PNG|thumb|600px|Basic symbology overview]]

<br />

==Symbology Overview==

Here is a list of symbology that can be found on most modern (Western) fighters: note that the Russian planes may make use of a different RWR system that does not use these symbols. Note that the symbols denote critical differences between various threats: an American F-15C jet aircraft will have the same symbol ('15') as a Russian SA-15 Tor SAM system: the ^ HAT symbol differentiates between airborne or not airborne threat.

==Surface to Air Missile Systems (SAMs)==

{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Ground
Threat
Guide
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Threat
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | NATO
Code
! rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | RWR
IDENT
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Type
! rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Gun
Ammo
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Missile
Amount
! rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Speed
(mach)
! colspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Range (nm)
! style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Radar
(nm)
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Acquire
Time
(sec.)
! colspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Altitude (ft)
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Danger
(1~10)
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Min
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Max
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Max
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Min
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Max
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000; color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="7" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | AAA
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2K22M Tunguska
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-19 Grison]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-S6.PNG|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP, RAD, LSR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1936
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 8x SACLOS
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2/4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0 / 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 16000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 5
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | Flk. Pnz. Gepard
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | A
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 660
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | M163 VADS
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2280
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ZPU-1/2/4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 50 - 4800
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.7
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 1
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ZSU-23-4 Shilka
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | A
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1.3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 12
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ZSU-57-2 Sparka
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 254
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 14000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
|-
| style="font-size:12px;" | Zu-23-3 Sergey
| style="font-size:12px;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px;" |
| style="font-size:12px;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px;" |
| style="font-size:12px;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px;" | 1.3
| style="font-size:12px;" |
| style="font-size:12px;" | 4
| style="font-size:12px;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px;" | 6500
| style="font-size:12px;" | 1
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="3" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MPD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3K38 Igla
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-18 Grouse]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.25
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 12000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9K338 Igla-S
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-24
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.25
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 12000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | FIM-92 Stinger
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 11000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000; color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="8" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SHORAD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 9A33 Osa
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-8 Gecko]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-8.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 16
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 26
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 50
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 21000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | Strela-1 9P31
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | '''[[SA-9 Gaskin]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 12000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 6
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 9K35 Strela-10
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-13 Gopher]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-13.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 75
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 15000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9K331 Tor
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | '''[[SA-15 Gauntlet]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-15.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 8x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 6.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 16
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 60
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 26000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 7
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Jeep Avenger ADS
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP, IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 180
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 8x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3.7
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 11000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | M6 Linebacker
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP, IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 1500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 11000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MIM-115 Roland
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RO
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 10x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 5.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 11
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 30
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 19500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | MIM-72G Chaparral
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 150
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 5
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="5" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MERAD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S-75 Devina
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-2
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 02
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 25
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | S-215 Pechora
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | '''[[SA-3 Goa]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-3.PNG|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 13.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 40
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 21
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 700
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 33000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 5
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2K12 Kub
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-6 Gainful]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-6.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 19.2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 47
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 28
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 33000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9K37 Buk
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | '''[[SA-11 Gadfly]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-11.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-SD.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP, RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 20.2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 90
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 26
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 450
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 45000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 8
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MIM-23 Hawk
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | HA, HK
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 25.6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 12
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 450
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 45000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000; color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | LORAD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S-300PS
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-10 Grumble]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-10.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-BB.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-CS.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP, RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 40
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 160
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 50
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 150000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 10
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | MIM-104 Patriot
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 1.6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 86
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 92
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 200
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 80000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 10
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="11" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | TGT RAD*
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | P-19 Flat Face
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-3
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | FF
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Often part of SA-3, but can also guide others
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 85
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SNR-125 Low Blow
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-3
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-3 Missile guidance radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 22
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1S91 Straight Flush
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-6
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-6 Target acquisition and tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9S80M1 Dog Ear
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-9
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | DE
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-9, SA-13, ZSU-23-4 support radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 20
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 5N66M Clam Shell
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-CS.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10 TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 64
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 64H6E Big Bird
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-10
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-BB.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-10 TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 160
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 30N6E Flap Lid
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-10.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10 Target tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9S18M1 Snow Drift
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-11
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-SD.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-11 TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 86
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Roland Radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RO
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Roland TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 16
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | AN/MPQ-46 HPIR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | HA
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | MIM-23 Hawk Target tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | AN/MPQ-53
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | HK
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MIM-104 Patriot acquisition and tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="5" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | EWR / ACQR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1L13 Box Spring
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Early Warning / Surveillance Radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 160
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 130000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 55G6 Tall Rack
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | Early Warning / Surveillance Radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 215
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 130000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | P-37 Bar Lock
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 210
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | PRW-11 Side Net
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RSP-7 Two Spot
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 20
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Types: OP = optical, RAD = radar, LSR = laser,
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Missile reload time for units supplied with logistical facilities (supply trucks, friendly bases) is approx. 10 minutes
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Target radars (often) boost (radar) range and reaction time of the default vehicle: you could still be locked with the launchers own radar / optics
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Vehicles that do not use radar for guidance may still use it for ranging and target detection (SA-13, SA-19)
|}

<br />
<br />

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range (nm)
! scope="col" | Max range (nm)
! scope="col" | Min Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Max Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Speed (Mach)
! scope="col" | Armament
! scope="col" | Threat Level
|-
|| '''[[SA-3 Goa]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-125 S-125 Nyeva]
|| [[File:RWR-3.PNG|50px]]
|| 3.24
|| 13.5
|| 300
|| 82,200
|| 3+
|| 4
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-6 Gainful]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA_6 3M9 Kub/Kvadrat]
|| [[File:RWR-6.png|50px]]
|| 2.16
|| 13
||
|| 46,000
|| 2.8
|| 3
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-8 Gecko]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-8 9K33 Osa]
|| [[File:RWR-8.png|50px]]
|| 0.8
|| 5.4
|| 80
|| 19,700
||
|| 6
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[SA-9 Gaskin]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-9 9K21 Strela-1]
|| N/A (IR Guidance)
|| 0.43
|| 2.27
|| 100
|| 11,500
|| 1.8
|| 4
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[SA-10 Grumble]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-10 S-300]
|| [[File:RWR-10.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-BB.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-CS.png|50px]]
||
|| 25.4
||
|| 98,500
|| 6
|| 4
|| '''Extreme'''
|-
|| '''[[SA-11 Gadfly]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-11 9K37 Buk]
|| [[File:RWR-11.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-SD.png|50px]]
|| 2
|| 13
||
|| 39,400
|| 2.8
|| 4
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-13 Gopher]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-13 9K35 Strela-10]
|| [[File:RWR-13.png|50px]]
|| 0.1
|| 2.7
|| 30
|| 11,500
|| 1.6
|| 4
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[SA-15 Gauntlet]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-15 9K330 Tor]
|| [[File:RWR-15.png|50px]]
|| 0.54
|| 6.5
||
|| 19,700
|| 2.7
|| 8
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-18 Grouse]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K38_Igla 9K38 Igla]
|| N/A (IR Guidance - MANPAD)
|| N/A
|| 2.8
||
|| 9,800
||
|| 1
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-19 Grison]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-19 9K22 Tunguska]
|| [[File:RWR-S6.PNG|50px]]
|| 0.8
|| 6.5
||
|| 19,700
||
|| 8
|| Moderate
|}

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==Missiles==

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range (nm)
! scope="col" | Max range (nm)
! scope="col" | Min Altitude
! scope="col" | Max Altitude
! scope="col" | Speed (Mach)
! scope="col" | Armament
! scope="col" | Threat Level

|-
|| '''[[R-24R]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-23_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 10.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-24T]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-23_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 10.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-27ER]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 37.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| High
|-
|| '''[[R-27ET]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 37.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| High
|-
|| '''[[R-27R]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 27
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-27T]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 21.6
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2.5
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-60]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-60_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 2.7
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-73]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-73_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 8.09
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2.5
|| High Explosive
|| Very High
|-
|| '''[[R-77]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-77_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 31.07
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Very High

|}

===NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range (nm)
! scope="col" | Max range (nm)
! scope="col" | Min Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Max Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Speed (Mach)
! scope="col" | Armament (Warhead Type)
! scope="col" | Threat Level
|-
|| '''[[AIM-120B]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-120_AMRAAM link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 29.71
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 4
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|-
|| '''[[AIM-120C]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-120_AMRAAM link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 29.71
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 4
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|-
|| '''[[AIM-7M]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-7_Sparrow link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 24.31
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|-
|| '''[[AIM-9M]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-9_Sidewinder link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 9.71
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2.5
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|}

==Aircraft==

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range
! scope="col" | Max range
! scope="col" | Min Altitude
! scope="col" | Max Altitude
! scope="col" | Speed
! scope="col" | Armament
|-
|| '''[[shell]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-125 link]
|| [[File:RWR-3.PNG|50px]]
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK

|}

==Airspace Surveillance==

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Flexibility
! scope="col" | Max detection range
! scope="col" | Min Altitude
! scope="col" | Max Altitude
|-
|| '''[[Dog Ear]]'''
|| 1S80 "Sborka" PPRU
|| [[File:RWR-DE.png|50px]]
|| self-propelled
|| 80 km
|| UNK
|| UNK
|-
|| UNK
|| 55G6-1 NEBO
|| [[File:RWR-S.png|50px]]
|| stationary deployable
|| 500 km
|| UNK
|| 40 km
|-
|| '''[[Box Spring]]'''
|| 1L13-3 NEBO-SV
|| [[File:RWR-S.png|50px]]
|| stationary deployable
|| 500 km
|| UNK
|| 40 km

|}

F-14A/B

2019-03-08T17:02:35Z

Nanne118: actual trailer

SA342

2019-03-03T21:39:18Z

Nanne118: changed TOC

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{{ModuleInfo
|modulename=Sa-342 "Gazelle"
|modulethumb=Sa_342_gazelle_royal_moroccan_air_force.jpg
|guidelink=https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-uSpZROuEd3ZDJBTEVpY1ZQRlU/view
|storelink=https://www.digitalcombatsimulator.com/en/shop/modules/gazelle/
|trailerlink=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mW3vAge9OzM
}}

The Aérospatiale Gazelle is a French five-seat helicopter, commonly used for light transport, scouting and light attack duties. It is powered by a single Turbomeca Astazou turbine engine and was the first helicopter to feature a fenestron tail instead of a conventional tail rotor. It was designed by Sud Aviation, later Aérospatiale, and manufactured in France and the United Kingdom through a joint production agreement with Westland Aircraft. Further manufacturing under license was performed by SOKO in Yugoslavia and the Arab British Helicopter Company (ABHCO) in Egypt.

Since being introduced to service in 1973, the Gazelle has been procured and operated by a number of export customers. It has also participated in numerous conflicts around the world, including by Syria during the 1982 Lebanon War, by Rwanda during the Rwandan Civil War in the 1990s, and by numerous participants on both sides of the 1991 Gulf War. In French service, the Gazelle has been supplemented as an attack helicopter by the larger Eurocopter Tiger, but remains in use primarily as a scout helicopter.

__TOC__

=='''Systems Overview'''==

==='''Flight Instruments'''===

====Upper Panel====

Instrumentation on the Gazelle is fairly straightforward and provides a good overview of the aircraft's status. The main instrumentation can be viewed on page 18 of [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-uSpZROuEd3ZDJBTEVpY1ZQRlU/view Chuck's guide].

The most used instrumentation used while flying will be the Vertical Velocity indicator (directly to the LEFT of the main Artificial Horizon), the Indicated Airspeed Indicator (directly to the RIGHT of the Artificial Horizon), the NADIR Indicator (directly BELOW the Artificial Horizon), the Torque Indicator (BELOW and to the RIGHT of the Artificial Horizon), and the Artificial Horizon itself.

The Vertical Velocity indicator indicates the aircraft's current vertical velocity in x100m/min. This gauge is tied in with the Autopilot and Auto-hover and will prevent you from entering an altitude hold or auto-hover if vertical velocity is above 100m/min (1 on the gauge).

The Indicated Airspeed Indicator shows the aircraft's current IAS in km/h. Typical level top speed is around 160-180 km/h depending on altitude and wind conditions. This gauge is also tied to the aircraft's auto-hover and Autopilot systems and will prevent engaging in an auto-hover if IAS is above 10km/h (roughly a needle's-width left of zeroed) and will prevent/disengage Autopilot systems if below 120km/h.

The NADIR indicator shows your current heading along with the indicator to your current NADIR waypoint. An important distinction when reading this gauge is that your current heading is represented by the compass heading at the tip of the arrow at the 12 o'clock position of the gauge, your current NADIR waypoint heading is indicated by the wider internal pointer, and your ADF heading indicated by the thin internal needle. A helpful note is to ensure when proceeding to a NADIR waypoint, to ensure you do orient yourself flying toward the thick "tail" of the NADIR pointer and are heading towards the "open" pointer.

The Torque indicator is quite important to ensure that you do not over-torque the engine and blow off the rotor and should be kept off redline (above 100%) for longer than 30 sec-1 min. Proceeding above the redline will illuminate the Torque Warning Light at the bottom left of the gauge. The current state of the aircraft's damage model doesn't seem to take detailed engine stresses into account unless exceeding the redline of engine torque and thus the torque can be maxed out between 90-100% indefinitely.

The Artificial Horizon is extremely useful, especially in limited visibility missions to accurately identify the aircraft's current attitude. The side-slip indicator at the bottom of the gauge is also very helpful to identify side-slip due to crosswinds so that corrections can be made for top performance.

The Radar and Barometric Altimeters are also used frequently provided that the radar altimeter has been powered on and the Altitude Warning Lamp set above 0m, and the Barometric Altimeter calibrated to 0m prior to takeoff. The Barometric Altimeter is located BELOW and to the LEFT of the Artificial Horizon with the larger Radar Altimeter located below it. An important note regarding the Barometric indicator is that the small hand of the gauge registers altitude in 1000s of meters and the larger represents 100s of meters, thus if the small hand is on 1 and the large is on 6, this corresponds to an altitude of 1600m.

Below these main gauges are a series of 3 smaller gauges. Starting from the left, is the Oil Temperature gauge in degrees Celsius which is functional but unnecessary to monitor in the simulations current state since unless the engine torque is redlined the gauge will remain perpetually in the green zone. Beside it is your fuel quantity in x10 Liters, which is fairly self explanatory. and beside it is your Voltmeter in Volts showing the aircraft's current power generation. The Voltmeter (like the Oil Temperature) is largely unnecessary to monitor since it will stay perpetually in the green in normal flight conditions.

The last gauge on the upper panel, located to the left of the Barometric Altimeter is the Standby Artificial Horizon which is to be used in the event of a failure of the main Artificial Horizon. Both the main and standby horizon indicators will require calibration prior to liftoff.

====Lower Panel====

The Lower Panel has 3 gauges, one being the Clock/Chronometer (LEFT-most large gauge) which can be used to identify the current server/mission time and as a start/stop timer, the combined RPM indicator (RIGHT-most large gauge), and the Turbine Temperature Indicator. The Clock/Chronometer is simple and provides the current server/mission time as well as a button to the bottom RIGHT to start/stop the Chronometer and the top RIGHT button to reset. The combined RPM indicator shows your the current Rotor and Turbine RPMs with the inner scale (small needle) for the rotor RPM in 100s/RPM and the outer scale (larger needle) for the Turbine RPM in 1000s/RPM.

Just like all other rotorcraft this gauge should be monitored regularly in-flight but must be monitored very closely in startup to prevent Turbine RPMs from exceeding the Rotor RPMs and causing an engine failure. Standard startup practice is to engage the starter and allow it to equalize the turbine to 25000RPM, remove the rotor brake, and bump the fuel flow lever slightly forward to allow the rotors to engage. Once bumped forward, the turbine RPM will increase slightly and the rotor RPM will begin to rise. It is critical that the rotor RPMs are allowed to equalize prior to increasing the fuel flow further to prevent engine failure. Once equalized, the fuel flow lever can be slowly moved forward (keeping the two gauges closely matched) until the lever is fully engaged forward.

The Turbine Temperature Indicator (LEFT-most small gauge) reports the current temperature within the turbine itself in 100s/degree Celsius. This gauge, like others previously mentioned, does not require monitoring in normal flight since currently in regular operation the temperature will perpetually remain in the green.

==='''Communications'''===

====UHF Radio====

====VHF Radio====

==='''Navigation'''===

====NADIR Operation====

The NADIR is the primary INS navigation system utilized in the Gazelle and allows for input of up to 9 unique waypoints. Full alignment requires 70 seconds and once completed, the takeoff location is automatically written to waypoint 0 (it can be overwritten). The pilot can then enter latitude and longitude or UTM coordinates for waypoints 1 through 9.

Waypoint entry is very simple, once aligned ensure the top Parameter Selector knob is set to BUT (for Ground) press the number key for the waypoint you'd like to enter followed by the ENT key to begin entry. Next enter either 2 or 8 to select latitude in NORTH or SOUTH followed by the 5 digit latitude. Next select the DOWN ARROW key to begin entry for longitude, select either 4 or 6 for WEST or EAST longitude followed by the 5 digit longitude. Finally, select ENT again to save the waypoint. The process start to finish is as follows:

::Parameter Selector to BUT (ground mode)

::Number key to select Waypoint Number

::ENT key to begin entry

::Select Latitude as NORTH or SOUTH with 2 or 8 keys

::Enter 5 digit latitude

::DOWN ARROW key to begin longitude entry

::Select Longitude as WEST or EAST with 4 or 6 keys

::Enter 5 digit longitude

::ENT key to save

To enter a waypoint in UTM coordinates, a similar process can be used, however prior to selecting the waypoint the NADIR must be togged to GEO/UTM mode by pressing the GEO/UTM button and the current zone must be set with coordinate entry. The process is as follows:

::Parameter Selector to BUT (ground mode)

::GEO/UTM key to enter into UTM mode

::Select waypoint Number

::ENT key to begin entry

::Enter X coordinates

::DOWN ARROW key to begin Y entry

::Enter Y coordinates

::DOWN ARROW key to begin Zone entry

::Enter UTM zone

::ENT key to save

====ADF Operation====

==='''Weapons'''===

====Weapons Panel====

====Countermeasures Panel====

==='''Gazelle Variants'''===

The SA342 Gazelle currently has 4 variants in-game with varying weapon load outs and mission usage. All variants are multi-crew enabled and have both a pilot and copilot seat up front. The recent (as of patch 2.5.1) minigun variant also possesses a 3rd slot to man and fire the minigun. The slot is currently unable to be filled by an AI, meaning that a player will need to man the slot to fire the weapon. Single pilots still however maintain the ability to control the aircraft using their regular bindings with the minigun aiming automatically linking to where the pilot is looking and to fire controls.

All variants come equipped with the SFIM APX M397 gyro-stabilized sight system, however currently on the M variant has access to the Infrared modes on the sight.

====Mistral====

The Mistral is the Air-to-Air variant of the Gazelle posessing 4 Mistral IR seeking missiles. When selected, this variant changes the pilots drop-down sight to a twin-ringed IR seeker sight to align the IR seeker cone to enemy aircraft. When the master arm is enabled and the weapons have been selected via the weapons panel, enabling the pilot sight will engage the audible seeker tone for the missiles with a pulsed beeping to indicate the seekers are active, and a solid tone on target acquisition.

====M Variant====

The Gazelle M is the anti-tank variant of the aircraft and can equip 4 A/G Euromissile HOT missiles. These missiles are wire-guided to the target utilizing the Gazelle's SFIM APX M397 gyro-stabilized sight system. The sight system possesses both CCD and Infrared modes with variable zoom settings. The sight's TV display and weapons are controlled by the copilot (LEFT seat) allowing the pilot to concentrate on flying the aircraft. In single-player settings, the DCS version has a coded auto-hover mode which allows the pilot to hold the aircraft's current position for weapons employment.

====L Variant====

The Gazelle L is the light support variant of the aircraft and comes equipped with a 20mm cannon and can be equipped with 6 unguided rockets. This variant (like the Mistral) provides a drop down sight for the pilot to aim the cannon and rockets when armed and does not require further usage of the copilot seat.

====Minigun Variant====

The Gazelle Minigun is the latest variant added for light attack and comes equipped with an M134 Minigun in a special "Gunner" seat behind the pilot (RIGHT seat). This variant is rather interesting as the minigun is currently only accessible to human players and cannot be manned by an AI unit at this time. To allow for singleplayer usage, the aircraft retains it's standard controls when the player is controlling the minigun (allowing the pilot to fly) and view controls for the minigun are bound automatically to head-tracking (i.e. TrackIR or VR headsets) or mouse view controls. Fire controls for the minigun are also automatically mapped to the standard cannon fire bindings. These settings allow a singleplayer pilot to access the minigun, aim via head-tracking and fire the weapon while simultaneously flying the aircraft without having to remove their hands from the flight controls.

=='''Tutorial Videos'''==

[http://store.steampowered.com/manual/411910 Aircraft Manual]

[https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLoiMNu5jyFzQTjEIhGFPWZ2qFfCIVf0l9 Bunyap Sims Gazelle Series]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UIbvSjwNmsY&index=3&list=PLoiMNu5jyFzQTjEIhGFPWZ2qFfCIVf0l9&t=0s Bunyap's Fuel Planning, Electrical Systems, and Startup]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cyxzJfdXgJ0&list=PLoiMNu5jyFzQTjEIhGFPWZ2qFfCIVf0l9&index=3 Bunyap's Startup (cont.), Radios, and System Checks]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7b_L2smsB0U AC DCS NADIR Tutorial (no audio)]

UH-1H

2019-03-03T21:39:02Z

Nanne118: changed TOC

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{{ModuleInfo
|modulename=UH-1 Huey
|modulethumb=UH1_Huey.jpg
|guidelink=https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B-uSpZROuEd3emw4Z1ZBSG1xanM
|storelink=https://www.digitalcombatsimulator.com/en/shop/modules/dcs_uh1h_huey/
|trailerlink=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TmSJ9jbF0hI/
}}

The '''Bell UH-1 Iroquois (nicknamed "Huey")''' is a utility helicopter that has become iconic throughout its career: first introduced on massive scale (7000 units deployed) during the Vietnam war, the Huey has since become an iconic legend famed for its reliability and robust design and as such is still in service today in both military and civilian aviation. The UH-1H variant featured in DCS is the most produced variant, consisting of a lengthened UH-1D variant with the upgraded Lycoming T53-L-13 engine (1,400 shp) originally designed as a troop carrier / cargo transport. However, the UH-1 Huey was also modified to serve in a gunship role, carrying a large amount of weaponry such as the 7 inch FFAR rockets in rocket pods, 7.62mm miniguns on flexible mounts (controlled by the co-pilot) and 7.62mm machine or miniguns for the side gunners.

Overall the Huey can perform a multitude of roles, but in every role it serves it functions as the workhorse aircraft in DCS and backbone of any armed force, providing troop transport, Close Air Support and can even carry out logistical services by transporting cargo, both in the fuselage as well as by sling loading cargo underneath the aircraft. The Huey is a conventional helicopter with a main rotor to create lift and an anti-torque rotor to prevent the fuselage from exhibiting rotational tendencies caused by the main rotor spinning. Due to the older design of the Huey there is little in the way of automation, although this also means that the included systems are uncomplicated and easy to get to grips with.

The Huey is very much an aircraft that is well-suited for introductions towards helicopter flight: although you might get a handful with trying to learn how to control the Huey at first, it is an excellently rewarding aircraft to learn and fly due to the hands-on and 'pure' flying experience.

__TOC__

===Cockpit===
The cockpit of the UH-1H Iroquois, better known as the "Huey," is laid out into three main sections, and although it may not be as ergonomic as a HOTAS system like that on the A-10C or similar US aircraft like the F-16, F-15 and so on, it emphasizes function over form. After all, it is a Utility helicopter. The cockpit can be divided into the following sections.

MAIN INSTRUMENTS PANEL

The Main Instrument Panel is sectioned into thirds, the outer two containing identical layouts of essential flight instruments for both the pilot and copilot, just as the flight crew would aboard a modern commercial aircraft. The center third contains information pertaining to electrical, fuel, and engine systems. For simplicity's sake, we will call the sections that pertains to flight our Flight Instrument Panel, and the center third our Systems Monitoring Panel. First, let's go over the basics of the Flight Instruments Panel, which we will abbreviate from now on as FIP.

The FIP, as stated previously, contains all the necessary information to properly fly your aircraft. If hypothetically visibility were suddenly reduced to nothing, you could still fly your aircraft all the way home without a scratch, just from the information provided to you though your instruments. That said, let's start with the basics.

The first thing you'll likely see on the panel, and our "central" instrument, is your attitude indicator, sometimes called an artificial horizon. This is the black and white ball that tells you which way the nose of the aircraft is oriented from level. White is oriented above the horizon, while black is oriented below. The central W, or "wings" of the instrument represent your aircraft in 3D space, and the ball will move in reference to the static W in both the pitch and roll axes. Note that the W and the Ball can be manually adjusted, but for our purposes, and most practical purposes in DCS, you should leave it as is when you hop in the helicopter, as it is centered and calibrated by default.

Immediately to the right of that is your barometric altimeter. Note that this should be zeroed while on the ground at the airfield or FARP you take off from. Very important! The altimeter shows your aircraft's height, or altitude, above the set zero point.

Immediately below the altimeter is your Vertical Speed Indicator, or VSI. This shows your aircraft's vertical speed through the air in Thousands of Feet per Minute. Another way to think about this is altitude change over time. The needle will rest at Zero when your barometric altitude is not changing, will rise when ascending, and dip when descending.

Below the Attitude Indicator is the Directional Compass, which is coupled with an Artificial Direction Finder and Horizontal Shift Indicator. This is the more accurate of the two compasses on board, the second being the ball compass extending from the right hand side of the panel. The Artificial Direction Finder, or ADF, is your tool for finding home when you've got no other means to do so, such as GPS. The ADF works by tuning into specific radio frequencies, and homing in on the direction they were emitted from. Tuning your ADF is a manual process and will be covered further in the Navigation section.

Immediately to the left of the Attitude indicator is your Airspeed Indicator, measured in Knots, or Nautical Miles per Hour. One Knot is equivalent to roughly 1.12 Miles per Hour. Note that during low speed flight, your Airspeed indicator will not function, as the airflow from the rotors will disturb the air around the helicopter so that an accurate measurement cannot be made.

Below our airspeed indicator is our Radar Altimeter. Although outdated manuals for the Huey will say it's not implemented, it clearly is now. It requires power, which is activated on the overhead panel, to be discussed further on. For now, all you need to do to make it work is to rotate the knobs that read SET so that the LO flag is at your desired low limit, and the HI flag at the desired high limit. (Note, unlike the KA-50, when your radar altimeter reads you as below your desired low point, it only illuminates a lamp, and no sound is made. Same goes for the high. For what it's worth, the settings should be set to simply activate the instrument, and no real precision work needs to be made. I usually put the low point at 0 or just above, and the high point at the max limit.) The maximum effective altitude of your radar altimeter is roughly 1500 feet. Above that, it stops functioning and is put into an idle state.

Below our radar altimeter is our bank and sideslip indicator. This will be covered more under the basic flight section, but for now all you need to know is that ideally the ball in the slip indicator should be centered.

The center third of the panel contains our Systems information in various forms: Engine and Rotor RPMs, Gas Producer power, torque, exhaust temperature, Fuel Quantity, oil temperature and pressure, and various voltages and amperages being supplied to and from the aircraft's electrical systems.

PEDESTAL CONTROLS PANEL
To be added soon

OVERHEAD CONTROLS PANEL
To be added soon

The controls for the collective, throttle, cyclic, antitorque rotor, and more are all in front of your pilot. In your right hand, centered in between your legs is your Cyclic control. This stick is coupled with a force trim function. To learn more, see the SYSTEMS subsection. In your left hand is the collective, which also contains the throttle, and other functionality such as search and landing light controls. Again, to learn more, see the SYSTEMS subsection.

===Engine Management===

Thermal modelling of the DCS Huey is not yet modelled, as such you can set your throttle to max and leave it there. Simply moderate the collective as desired.

===Basic Flight===
===Navigation===
===Radios===
[[File:Huey-radio.png|800px]]
===Weapons and Searchlight===

[[Category:UH-1H]]
[[Category:DCS World]]

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Ka-50

2019-03-03T21:38:45Z

Nanne118: changed TOC

{{ModuleInfo
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The '''Kamov KA-50 BlackShark''' (Russian: Чёрная акула, translates to Chornaya Akula) is a Russian attack chopper with the implementation of the distinctive Kamov Coaxial rotor system. Rather than a conventional helicopter design that leverages a large main rotor to produce lift and a smaller anti-torque rotor to prevent the helicopter fuselage from the induced rotation, the coaxial design features two main rotors spinning in opposite directions and cancelling out the rotational tendencies of the main fuselage thusly. The benefits of having such a coaxial design is that both engines produce lift (versus only one engine producing lift), thus increasing the power output of the aircraft and creating an unique and high performance aircraft that will perform excellently at extremes of the flight envelope: the KA-50 is quite capable of doing level turns at high speed, loopings and barrel rolls without the negative repercussions inherent when doing such maneuvers in a conventional helicopter.

The KA-50 prefers to engage its targets at long range in a sniper-like attack profile, contrary to other attack helicopters that may indulge in a more hit-and-run strafing tactic. Although the KA-50 is also certainly capable of performing such a brute attack, it much more favors picking off its (high-value: armored or anti-air) targets one by one using its on-board targetting system and sensors, reserving close in fighting with the gun and rockets for softer targets such as troops, artillery and trucks. The KA-50 features a large and diverse weaponry range, including the integrated Shipunov 2A42 30mm autocannon featured on the BTR-90 and BMD-2 vehicles, the S-8 series 80mm rockets in large volume rocket pods (up to 80 rockets), the laser-guided spin-stabilized 9K121 Vikhr anti-tank missiles (up to 12 missiles) and can also carry dumb iron bombs to be dropped on the targets (quite unique for a helicopter).

__TOC__

===KA-50 Interactive Tutorials===
These provide a similar experience to the A-10 tutorials.

[[KA-50 Interactive Tutorials]]

===KA-50 Systems===
====Navigation and Aviation====
[[KA-50:Cockpit]] - Familiarization and layout.

[[KA-50:ABRIS]] - Finding your way around in the world.

[[KA-50:PVI-800]] - Inertial Navigation Computer

[[KA-50:Lighting]] - Interior and exterior lighting.

[[KA-50:HOTAS]] - HOTAS Controls and use.

[[KA-50:Quick Startup]] - How to get into the air as fast as possible.

[[KA-50:Basic Flight]]

====Tactical Systems and Situational Awareness====

[[KA-50:LWR]] - About the Laser Warning Receiver - Too cool for radar.

[[KA-50:HUD]] - Information about the HUD.

====Communications and Data Sharing====

[[KA-50:Radios]] - Information about the KA-50 radios and radio usage.

[[KA-50:Datalink]] - How to point at things you want your wingman to shoot.

====Weapon and defensive systems====

[[KA-50:Weapon Control Panel]] - Flip switch, go boom.

[[KA-50:Guided Weapon Overview]]

[[KA-50:Unguided Weapon Overview]]

[[KA-50:Countermeasures]]

====Avionics and flight systems====

==KA-50 Strategy==

==== Know your target area ====
Knowing what you need to kill and whats next to what you need to kill is extremely important for ground attack. The inhabitants of the target area dictate what weapons you can safely use to achieve your objective. If the target area is full of SA-15's you cannot safely use your cannon etc. If the mission briefing doesn't tell you what to expect, you should scout it out yourself. Approach up to a safe distance (10km+)of where your target is and take a look around. Not scoping out the area you're about to attack is asking to get shot down. You'd be surprised what you can see with your eyes when you zoom in all the way.

Part of knowing your target area is knowing your limits. If you're target area is a dense city or heavily forested area you should know you won't find everything and will most likely miss units. Keeping this in mind you should never fly directly over a previous target area unless you're doubly sure its clear, usually this means letting someone else go first.

==== Stand Off ====
The best advantage you can have is the ability to kill from farther away than you can be killed back. Whenever possible you should engage your targets from safely outside of the effective range of their weapons. You're primary weapon, the 9K121 Vikhr, can be reliably employed from up to 8.9km and further depending on altitude. This means you can out range any short range sam threat in the game. SA-15s, OSAs and Tunguskas are not a problem provided you scouted your approach and know where they are. Most short range SAMS wont engage you past 8.5km, Strela's won't hit past 6, avengers and manpad stingers won't go past 4.5 and laser guided tank fired missiles won't reach past 4. Against AAA threats its good to remember that if you can accurately hit them with your cannon, they can inaccurately flood your immediate airspace with fire and probably get a few hits. Its good to keep in mind that if your laser warning system goes off it almost always means you are currently in range of laser guided missiles from the more advanced tanks. It only takes around 50kph of lateral movement to make them miss but that's no reason to stay so close. If your LWS goes off turn around, reset it until it stops going off then turn back around and find out whats lasing you.

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==== Cannon ====
If you can knock out the more serious brands of AAA and SAM threats before you run out of Vihkrs you'll find the cannon extremely useful for cleaning up BMPs and the like before you leave. Emplaced ZU-23's can be dispatched from around 4km using a short burst or two of HE (high explosive) ammo since it only takes 1-2 direct round impacts to destroy them. For most other ground units you can put down effective fire from 2km, and still do some damage out to 3km. Part of a good sortie means doing everything you can with what you have. If you use your cannon effectively you can easily rack up 20 extra kills against softer targets and save yourself the back and forth to get more Vikhrs. When using the cannon in conjunction with the Shkval its best to go with a slow rate of fire for better accuracy. Save the high rate of fire for fast moving targets, enemy helicopters, or panic'd strafing runs.

The damage dealt by the AP (armor piercing) rounds is dependent on their velocity, and therefore the range to the target. While you can actually put AP rounds on target at over 3km, their speed will have decreased substantially and will do a greatly reduced amount of damage. For them to have reasonable effectiveness you'll need to be within 2km, and a distance of 1.5km or less is ideal. HE ammo doesn't suffer from this problem and is equally effective at all ranges, but on the other hand HE rounds do limited damage to anything armored.

==== Rockets ====
Rockets are sloppy at best and will require a lot of practice to use effectively. I rank them lower in usefulness than the cannons purely because of the chance factor. My advice is to use them before you attempt to gun because you never know how lucky you'll get and saving precious cannon rounds is always a good thing. A well placed volley of s-13's can be hugely devastating against a tight group of soft targets.

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[[Category:Ka-50]]

[[Category:Ka-50]]
[[Category:DCS World]]

AV-8B(NA)

2019-03-03T21:38:24Z

Nanne118: changed TOC

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The '''McDonnell Boeing (formerly Douglas) AV-8B Harrier 2 N/A (NightAttack)''' is a night attack variant developed out of Harrier line of planes. Unique to the Harrier series of planes is despite only featuring a single central engine, it can be used for both forward and VTOL flight, courtesy of the 4 nozzles positioned on the sides of the aircraft fuselage that can be rotated on pilot command. This allows the Harrier to flexibly operate from all manner of airfields (the Harrier can also take off in a conventional manner from airfields) and carriers: Harriers will typically operate from STOVL class carriers that only feature a flat deck and no further carrier implements (ramp, catapult, arresting wires). The Harrier does not require these as it can take off and land vertically: however, with any meaningful load (stores, fuel tanks) on the aircraft it will typically perform a rolling takeoff / landing instead.

The AV-8B Harrier N/A is tailored specifically towards the attack / strike role, allowing for quick attacks thanks to the high speed it can attain in forward flight. Despite the relatively small size of the Harrier it can carry a good amount of ordinance and it has a slew of sensors built into the aircraft, including a sensor package mounted on the nose contained a FLIR (Forward Looking Infrared) sensor combined with a normal video camera that can detect objects, lock onto laser designations and provide relevant targeting information for weaponry. The AV-8B can also bring the AN/AAQ-28(V) LITENING targetting pod on one of its stations to provide its own laser designation, in addition to providing a larger azimuth range in which the sensor can be slewed. This extensive sensor package allows it field a whole slew of both dumb and smart weapons, such as the Mk-82 bomb and its laser counterpart the GBU-12/-16, the AGM-65 Maverick anti-tank missile with CCD/IR/Laser guidance seekers, 7 inch FFR rockets in rocket pods, AIM-9 sidewinders and the AGM-122 SideARM anti-radiation missile for short range SEAD / DEAD (attack of radar-guided SAM sites).

__TOC__

==Mods==
====Cpt. Creosotes Harrier Sound Mod 1.2====
-Much improved APU sound
-Improved start-up ambiance
-Improved internal sounds when flying
-Adjusted external sounds
-Modified sound distances
[https://www.digitalcombatsimulator.com/en/files/3300537/ Download from DCS User Files]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qW9VCb03HSY Hear it in action]

[[Category:AV-8B]]
[[Category:DCS World]]

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Flaming Cliffs

2019-03-03T21:37:58Z

Nanne118:

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'''Flaming Cliffs 3''' is a mixture of (low-fidelity) fighter aircraft and though they do not feature any clickable cockpit, the aircraft featured in this combination package are some of the most capable aircraft within DCS World. Due to their more basic yet extreme capable simulation they make an excellent first purchase for any aspiring (DCS) pilot, and will indeed often be the first step that any of us have taken in the fighter / combat pilot community.

The following aircraft are featured within the Flaming Cliffs 3 package:

- F-15C Eagle [American Fighter]: Air-to-Air munitions only, with short range infrared, medium range semi-active and active radar guided missiles

- A-10'''A''' Warthog [American Attacker] (please note this is a different, earlier variant than the [https://wiki.hoggitworld.com/view/A-10C/ A-10C 'Charlie' full fidelity module]): Air-to-Ground munitions (Air-to-Air for self-defence only), with dumb bombs, cluster munitions, the AGM-65 Maverick Air-to-Ground missile and of course the mighty 30mm Gau-8 Gatling Gun.

- Su-27 Flanker-B [Russian Fighter / Attacker]: a variety of Air-to-Air and Air-to-Ground munitions, such as dumb bombs, semi-active radar and medium range infrared missiles

- Su-33 Flanker-D [Russian Fighter / Attacker] (Carrier modified/capable version of the Su-27): a variety of Air-to-Air and Air-to-Ground munitions, such as dumb bombs, semi-active radar and medium range infrared missiles

- J-11 Flanker-B+ [Chinese Fighter / Attacker] (Chinese-built version of the Flanker-B): similarly to the 'normal' Flanker-B carries a variety of Air-to-Air and Air-to-Ground munitions, such as dumb bombs, semi-active radar and medium range infrared missiles; it can also carry a fully active radar missile called the R-77, as well as being able to carry double the amount of air-to-ground stores on dual pylons under the wing

- Mig-29A Fulcrum-A [German Fighter / Attacker]: a variety of Air-to-Air and Air-to-Ground munitions, such as dumb bombs, semi-active radar and medium range infrared missiles

- Mig-29S Fulcrum-C [Russian Fighter / Attacker]: a variety of Air-to-Air and Air-to-Ground munitions, such as dumb bombs, semi-active radar and medium range infrared missiles

- Su-25'''A''' Frogfoot [Russian Attacker] (original model of the SU-25'''T''' that is available for free): Largely focused on Air-to-Ground, but can also carry Air-to-Air munitions and is capable of using ARM (Anti-Radition Missiles) that can be used to engage enemy SAM (Surface to Air Missile) sites

__TOC__

====Flaming Cliffs 3 Aircraft====
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Fc3.png|link=F-15C]]</p>

[[F-15C]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Fc3.png|link=A-10A]]</p>

[[A-10A]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Fc3.png|link=Su-27]]</p>

[[Su-27]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Fc3.png|link=J-11]]</p>

[[J-11]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Fc3.png|link=SU-33]]</p>

[[Su-33]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Fc3.png|link=Mig-29A]]</p>

[[Mig-29A]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Fc3.png|link=Mig-29S]]</p>

[[Mig-29G]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Fc3.png|link=Mig-29G]]</p>

[[Mig-29S]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Fc3.png|link=Su-25A]]</p>

[[Su-25A]]
</div>
</div>

F/A-18C

2019-03-03T21:37:35Z

Nanne118: changed TOC

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The F/A-18C Hornet is a twin-engine, multi-role, carrier-capable combat jet. It was designed by McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing) and Northrop in the 1970's, and is the only jet in the US inventory to carry both the Fight and Attack designation (the "F/A" part of the name). The Hornet is a supersonic capable jet, able to reach speeds of Mach 1.8. The Hornet modeled in DCS represents an "off-the-line" US Navy Lot 20 jet, with the OFP-13C software upgrades. It is equipped with the F404-GE-402 enhanced performance engines (which is the more powerful engine that replaced the original F404-GE-400's). The F/A-18C/D served as the baseline for the Boeing F/A-18E/F/G Super Hornets. The Hornet is capable of carrying a wide array of both precision and dumb bombs, A/G and A/A Missiles, rockets, and is supplemented with a 20-mm cannon mounted in the nose.

The Hornet entered service in 1978, and first saw combat in 1986 over the skies of Libia with numerous Hornets preforming SEAD strikes and strike missions. The Hornet again saw action during the Gulf War of 1991, as there were 106 in theater with the Navy, along with a further 84 USMC that were shore-based. It was during the Gulf War that the Hornet was credited with it's first Air-to-Air kills (both aircraft were MiG-21's, shot-down by AIM-9's and AIM-7's). Notably, the aircraft credited with the kills went on to resume their strike mission and dropped their 4 Mk-84's (2,000lb bombs), living up to their multi-role moniker. The Hornet took it's first combat losses in the Gulf War as well, in total 10 Hornets received battle damage, which included 3 losses (2 to ground fire, and one very likely to an Iraqi MiG-25). All told, Hornets flew a total of 4,551 sorties during the Gulf War.

Since the Gulf War, the Hornet has been a vital piece of the Navy/USMC inventory, and has seen action in every conflict or operation since then. While it is still in active service with the USMC (and will remain until the early 2030s), in April 2018 the US Navy retired the F/A-18C from combat roles.

__TOC__

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==SimpleRadio Update==
The [https://github.com/ciribob/DCS-SimpleRadioStandalone/releases/tag/1.5.2.0 latest version of SimpleRadio] has been updated to work with the Hornet.

==Navigation==

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RYSFiNlXPeg DCS F/A-18C Manual Waypoints Quick Guide by RedKite]

==Weapons==
====Implemented====
Mk-82 series
Mk-83 series
Mk-84 series
CBU-99 and Mk-20 Cluster Bombs
BDU-33 Training Bomb
BDU-45 Training Bomb
2.75 inch rockets
5 inch rockets
20mm cannon
AIM-9L/M/X and CATM Sidewinder
AIM-7F/M Sparrow
AIM-120 B/C AMRAAM
AGM-65E Maverick
AGM-65F Maverick
GBU-10 Paveway II
GBU-12 Paveway II
GBU-16 Paveway II

====Planned Weapons====
AGM-88C HARM
AGM-45A/B Shrike
AGM-84D Block 1C Harpoon
AGM-84E SLAM
AGM-84H/K SLAM-ER
AGM-154A JSOW
AGM-154C JSOW
Walleye I ER/DL
Walleye II ER/DL
GBU-24B/B Paveway III
GBU-38 JDAM
GBU-31 JDAM
GBU-32 JDAM
AIM-7P Sparrow
Mk-40 Destructor Sea Mine
Mk-63 Quickstrike Sea Mine
Mk-77 Fire Bomb

==Countermeasures==

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FAKuuaemFUs& DCS F/A-18C Hornet Countermeasures Tutorial by RedKite]

=== Editing our default F18 countermeasure setup ===

Please note that you can also edit your countermeasures outside of the game; normally if you close the game down you lose the editing to your countermeasure profiles that you have done in game. If you find you have a particular setup that you would like to keep (forever), rather than the default setup that comes in the F18, you can edit the .lua file and change the defaults to suit your preference. For example, we can tone down the amount of countermeasures used, so that we have more time we can use the countermeasure profile before you run out of flares / chaff (but it could make the profile overall less useful).

To edit a .lua file we are first going to need an adequate text editor; although you may be familiar with using notepad, I would instead recommend installing and using notepad++. The reason for using notepad++ is that the normal notepad does not respect the original file structure (so basically, newlines / enters as well as spacing) in some cases, and as such the file may become unusable if you try to edit and save the file this way. Notepad++ instead keeps the original file structure intact.

The file we wish to edit is the '''CMDS_ALE47.lua''' file; but before you start editing it please make a backup of it first. This file can be found in the path
(\Eagle Dynamics\DCS World OpenBeta ) \Mods\aircraft\FA-18C\Cockpit\Scripts\TEWS\device

Once you have made a backup file of the original .lua file, we can start editing it as we see fit. Please note that we '''do not want to edit anything besides the numbers''', as editing anything else the file unusable. Technically, you should be able to rename the comments (ie the text following the double hyphens ''-- Default manual presets''), but I would simply refrain from doing so and only edit the actual profile.

The profiles we are interested in (potentially) editing are manual profiles 1 through 6 (you could edit the auto presets as well, but I find it less useful). Please note that the following profiles can be accessed directly in the cockpit correspond to the following:
(manual) Program 1 is CMS aft (Countermeasures aft).
(manual) Program 5 is CMS forward (Countermeasures forward).
(manual) Program 6 is DISP button (Big Friendly Dispenser button on the left side of the cockpit).

Now onto the actual formatting of a countermeasure profile; note that they all function the same, but they all work for different profile. Let's take manual profile 1 as an example:
-- MAN 1
programs[ProgramNames.MAN_1] = {}
programs[ProgramNames.MAN_1]["chaff"] = 1
programs[ProgramNames.MAN_1]["flare"] = 1
programs[ProgramNames.MAN_1]["intv"] = 1.0
programs[ProgramNames.MAN_1]["cycle"] = 10
The ProgramNames.MAN_1 refers to the fact this is the first manual profile (ProgramNames.MAN_2 being the second manual profile, and ProgramNames.AUTO_1 being the first auto profile; though again we probably do not want to edit those).

The chaff and flare values refer to how much flare and chaff is dispensed, but this is the amount dispensed per cycle and not the total amount dispensed. For our example (manual profile 1) we have 1 flare and 1 chaff dispensed per cycle, but we have a total of 10 cycles (cycle = 10). This means that the profile runs for 10 cycles total, during each cycle dispensing 1 chaff and 1 flare (thus expending a grand total of 10 chaff and 10 flares). The interval (intv) value is the time delay in seconds between each cycle; as in our example profile it is set to 1 (1.0), we have a profile that runs for 10 seconds, each second expending a chaff and a flare.

Overall that seems rather wasteful to me, so lets come up with a more sensible and conservative profile (but perhaps less effective) so that we can enjoy our countermeasures a bit longer:
-- MAN 1
programs[ProgramNames.MAN_1] = {}
programs[ProgramNames.MAN_1]["chaff"] = 0
programs[ProgramNames.MAN_1]["flare"] = 1
programs[ProgramNames.MAN_1]["intv"] = 0.8
programs[ProgramNames.MAN_1]["cycle"] = 5
As you may have noticed nearly all manual profiles expend both chaff and flare at the same time, which I absolutely hate: you are almost never in the situation where you are being engaged by both radar guided missiles and infrared seeking missiles, so I prefer to split my countermeasure profiles accordingly. In my revised profile I run the profile for 4 seconds total: each cycle lasts 0.8 seconds, and during a cycle I only dispense a singular flare.

=== Saving our edited countermeasure profile from DCS updates ===

Now, our last thing we have to realise is that although this profile is saved from deletion if we open and close our game (or hop into a brand new F-18), it will be deleted once DCS updates. However, we can save it from being deleted, by making it into a mod (modification)! To do this we will need yet another tool, called OVGME: this is a tool that many people who wish to mod their game use to, well, mod their game.

The installation of OVGME is largely self-guiding (but there will be tutorials for it), but the gist is that we end up with a profile folder and a mod folder for DCS. The profile tells OVGME which game we wish to mod, where to find this game and where the folder is that we are going to store our mods in. The mod folder is where we store our mods that we wish to use.

So if we wish to save our edited countermeasures profile, all we have to do is make a new mod for it! In the OVGME DCS mods folder you have made, we wish to recreate the folder structure pointing to our CMDS_ALE47.lua file. This has to be done with the DCS World (Openbeta) folder as our begin folder (or root); all these folders will be empty, except for the last folder, as in there we will place our edited CMDS_ALE47.lua file.

The first folder we will make in the DCS mod folder is the mod folder itself, so I recommend naming it something like "''Nanne118's totally awesome countermeasure mod for the F18''" or something equally easy to remember. Now all we do is replicate the folder structure until we get to the CMDS_ALE47.lua file location: we do not have to copy in every file, as OVGME is smart enough to only replace the actual files in the mod. Equally you do not want to just copy over the existing folder structure from the DCS World install location, as you will be copying over all the files as well. You could delete all the files, but that would be a whole lot more work.

The folder structure we want to make, with all empty folders, is:
\Mods\aircraft\FA-18C\Cockpit\Scripts\TEWS\device
In the device folder we then paste our modified CMDS_ALE47.lua folder, so that we can get OVGME to overwrite it. The only thing we then have to change is that we have to enable our mod within OVGME itself, so start up the OVMGE.EXE, click the mod, and enable the selected mod.

==Ground Radar==
Not yet implemented

==IFF (Identification Friend or Foe)==
A basic version of IFF currently exists within the hornet module. At this time it will only let you know if your target is friendly or not by placing them in the center of your hud. If a valid IFF response is received you will get a square marker, where as an invalid response is currently represented by a diamond.

==Manuals==
[https://info.publicintelligence.net/F18-ABCD-000.pdf NATOPS Flight Manual]

[https://i.imgur.com/mLq8d2e.png Startup Checklist]

[https://www.reddit.com/r/hoggit/comments/8kvmhs/my_fa18c_primer_or_i_read_the_manual_so_you_dont/ I Read the Manual So You Don't Have To ] By MustardCosaNostra

[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1MVSjjVTikZ00UTeuOIX9Sh2Teo2skIcB/view?usp=sharing F/A-18C Hornet | Armament Matrix] by Twisted-Biscuit

==Wags' Tutorial Videos==

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=caZCncH6xqM Introduction]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gb1KmccK-3w Cockpit Tour]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SaMBmQxzzPQ&feature=youtu.be Preflight, Startup, Taxi, and Takeoff]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0PwG_SC5TNU&feature=youtu.be HUD, UFC and IFEI]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W4JOEyshsZA ADF and TACAN Navigation]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uXVHwMANFFg&feature=youtu.be VFR Airfield Landing]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gNd84BEFyYE&feature=youtu.be Waypoint Navigation]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AwsvRTAsy8Y Rockets and AG Gun]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TuigBLhtAH8 CASE I Carrier Landing]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jPe4k_Zo0MM Air-to-Air Gun]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=em9Kr31nPJE Sidewinders]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NkJhN76B9qo&feature=youtu.be Unguided Bombs]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3SKP0uFdI2M&feature=youtu.be AIM-7 Sparrow Air-to-Air Missile]

==Feature List==
https://forums.eagle.ru/showthread.php?t=194412&page=2

==HOTAS Configs==
[https://i.imgur.com/oYi6Pt1.jpg SkillSawTheSecond's HOTAS setup]

==Carrier Lights Tutorial==
{{#ev:youtube|Eg6cydTrtPY}}

== FAQ ==
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:400px; overflow:auto;">
Click to expand ->
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Q: '''I cant use Afterburners when taking off'''

A:The Hornet uses WOW (Weight on Wheels) to prevent unintentional use of the afterburners. You can manually override this system by pulling the finger lifts on the HOTAS and advancing the throttle.

Q: '''How does IFF work?!'''

A:Currently only a basic version for the hornet is implimented. After locking your target, putting them in the center of the HUD will give you either a diamond or a square. Square targets are friendly, and diamond targets are not responding to IFF.

</div>
</div>

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A-10C

2019-03-03T21:37:14Z

Nanne118: changed TOC

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{{ModuleInfo
|modulename=A-10C
|modulethumb=A-10C formation 104th FS Maryland ANG c2008.jpg
|guidelink=https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B-uSpZROuEd3NHp0SHZoTGpnUDA
|storelink=https://www.digitalcombatsimulator.com/en/shop/modules/dcs_a10c_warthog/
|trailerlink=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KzsmrAAPpC0/
}}

The '''Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II''' affectionatly known by many as the 'Warthog' is an attack aircraft that is built around the venerable GAU-8 Avenger 30mm rotary cannon. The A-10 is designed to attack (armored) ground targets and support friendly troops in the CAS (Close Air Support) role, but due to the way that the aircraft is setup is also excellently suited towards providing target information and tasking to other aircraft in the vincinity, in the A-FAC (Airbone - Forward Air Controller) or FAC-A role. The A-10C is a variant developed out of the initial A-10A model (which is included in DCS as a simpler, lesser fidelity Flaming Cliffs aircraft) and has been upgraded with a variety of sensors, such as GPS, compatability with the AN/AAQ-28(V) LITENING targetting pod, a whole range of smart weaponry such as laser-guided and GPS-guided bombs and finally a digital avionics suite that allow for enhanced precise control of weaponry, waypoints

Although at first glance the A-10C is a slow and sluggish aircraft with little capability to defend itself against faster adversaries, the amount of weaponry it can carry and the amount of time you can be on station (due to the meagre fuel consumption) is most excellent. The A-10C features excellent protection thanks to the large amount of armour protecting the pilot and vital avionics: most critical systems also features backup systems, with the flight controls being implemented with triple redundancy, ensuring you get home whatever happens. With a stores carrying capacity of 16,000 lb (7,260 kg) it can bring plentiful amounts of weaponry to the AO, including weapons such as the AGM-65 Maverick Anti-Tank missile, both the dumb Mk-82/-84 bombs and their laserguided counterparts the GBU-12/-16, JDAM GPS guided bombs, CBU-89/-97 cluster bombs and the AIM-9 Sidewinder. Of course your main weapon of choice is the fearsome GAU-8 30mm Avenger rotary cannon around which the airframe was built: the GAU-8 is designed to engage and destroy tanks, but is also an excellent choice against pretty much every target available.

__TOC__

==Learning to fly the A-10C==

===Manuals===
[https://s3.amazonaws.com/hoggitworld-manuals/A-10A_Flight_Manual.pdf A-10A Real Life Manual. Lots of Engineering goodness in here]

[https://s3.amazonaws.com/hoggitworld-manuals/DCS-A-10C_Flight_Manual_EN.pdf A-10C DCS World Manual]

===Navigation and Aviation===
[[Cockpit]] - Familiarization and layout.

[[CDU]] - Finding your way around in the world.

[[About_the_EGI|About the EGI]] - Information about the integrated navigation systems of the A-10C.

[[Lighting]] - Interior and exterior lighting.

[[Up Front Controller]] - An easy and quick way for data entry and management.

[[HOTAS Controls]] - HOTAS Controls and use.

[[Basic Flight]]

==Tactical Systems and Situational Awareness==

[[TAD]] - Information about the TAD.

[[RWR]] - About the Radar Warning Receiver.

[[HUD]] - Information about the HUD.

[[Digital Stores Management System|DSMS]] - Digital Stores Management System.

===Communications and Data Sharing===

[[Radios]] - Information about the A10 radios and radio usage. Very important for TARS and refueling.

[[Datalink]] - How to send tasking coordinates and sexy text messages to members of your flight.

===Weapon and defensive systems===

[[Bombs Cheat Sheet]]

[[Guided Weapon Overview]]

[[Unguided Weapon Overview]]

[[Countermeasures]]

==Avionics and flight systems==

[[Fuel System]] - Information about the fuel system.

[[Category:A-10C]]
[[Category:DCS World]]

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F-14A/B

2019-03-03T21:36:17Z

Nanne118: Created page

File:F-14 HB Oman.jpeg

2019-03-03T20:22:59Z

Nanne118:

Hoggit DCS World Wiki

2019-03-03T19:37:22Z

Nanne118: Added F-14 link + TEMP icon

<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-12 hidden-xs">
[[File:Toc.png|class=img-responsive center-block|link=Hoggit DCS World Wiki]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-12 hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg">
[[File:Toc_small.png|class=img-responsive center-block|link=Hoggit DCS World Wiki]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-12 hidden-xs">
[[File:GAWupdate.png|class=img-responsive center-block|link=Georgia At War]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-12 hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg">
[[File:GAWupdate_small.png|class=img-responsive center-block|link=Georgia At War]]
</div>
</div>

===Learn to Fly===
Welcome to Hoggit's DCS: World Wiki! We're a noob-friendly SeriousFaceTM multiplayer and singleplayer flight simulation community based on Reddit. This Wiki is meant to be a resource for anyone looking for information on the simulations we primarily play, DCS: World and Falcon BMS. We're gathering and organizing all the information related to the games, their peripherals, their quirks, and their tweaks/mods into this central repository in hopes that the World community will find it a valuable "one-stop shop" resource for everything you'd want to know.

[[Frequently Asked Questions]]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=apvriPLtiZA&list=UUHa9LMylydkT0T3qSzAVrlw&feature=c4-overview What is DCS World?]

[[Simulator Scripting Engine Documentation|Looking for MIST/Scripting Documentation?]]

<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-12">
[https://discord.gg/hoggit <span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button"><img src="images/b/bb/Discord_main.jpg" /> Join the Discord!</span>]
</div>

<div class="col-sm-12">
[[Tuesday Night Noob|<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button"><img src="images/b/bb/Discord_main.jpg" />Looking to ease your way into multiplayer? Join Tuesday Night Noob!</span>]]
</div>

<div class="col-sm-12">
Hoggit was created as a laid back place for flight simmers of all skill levels to get together and fly online all while learning the modules of DCS World. Multiplayer DCS World groups tend to be very strict and regimented so we wanted to create a niche where people could casually come together and focus on having a good time. A great place to start is our Discord, where you'll find a community of sim pilots who are always willing to lend a hand to a new player, or just talk about sims in general.
</div>
</div>

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== DCS World Modules ==

<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4" style="margin-bottom: 3rem; border-right: thin solid #f1f1f1">
====Fighter/Multirole====
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:F-A-18C-icon.png|link=F/A-18C]]</p>

[[F/A-18C]]
</div>

<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:F14 Icon TEMP.png|75px|link=F-14A/B]]</p>

[[F-14A/B]]
</div>

<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:M2000-icon.png|link=Mirage 2000C]]</p>

[[Mirage 2000C|M-2000C]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:F5.png|link=F-5E Tiger II]]</p>

[[F-5E Tiger II]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Mig21.png|link=Mig-21bis]]</p>

[[Mig-21bis]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:F86f.png|link=F-86F Sabre]]</p>

[[F-86F Sabre]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Mig15.png|link=Mig-15bis]]</p>

[[Mig-15bis]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Fc3.png|link=Flaming Cliffs]]</p>

[[Flaming Cliffs]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4" style="margin-bottom: 3rem; border-right: thin solid #f1f1f1">
====Attack====
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:A10C-icon.png|link=A-10C]]</p>

[[A-10C]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:av8b.png|link=AV-8B(NA)]]</p>

[[AV-8B(NA)]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:ajs37.png|link=AJS-37]]</p>

[[AJS-37]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Su25t.png|link=Su-25T]]</p>

[[Su-25T]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">

</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">

</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4" style="margin-bottom: 3rem;">
====Rotorcraft====
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:ka52.png|link=Ka-50]]</p>

[[Ka-50]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:uh1h.png|link=UH-1H]]</p>

[[UH-1H]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:mi8.png|link=Mi-8]]</p>

[[Mi-8]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:sa342.png|link=SA342]]</p>

[[SA342]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">

</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">

</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4" style="margin-bottom: 3rem; border-right: thin solid #f1f1f1">

====World War 2====
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:p51.png|link=P-51D]]</p>

[[P-51D]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:bf109.png|link=Bf 109 K-4]]</p>

[[Bf 109 K-4]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:spitfire.png|link=Spitfire Mk. IX]]</p>

[[Spitfire Mk. IX]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:fw190.png|link=Fw 190 D-9]]</p>

[[Fw 190 D-9]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">

</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">

</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4" style="margin-bottom: 3rem; border-right: thin solid #f1f1f1">
====Trainers====
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:l39.png|link=L-39]]</p>

[[L-39]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:c101.png|link=C-101]]</p>

[[C-101]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:hawk.png|link=Hawk T.1A]]</p>

[[Hawk T.1A]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">

</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">

</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">

</div>
</div>
</div>

<div class="col-md-4" style="margin-bottom: 3rem;">
====Tools & Utilities====
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Srs.png|link=Simple Radio Standalone]]</p>

[[Simple Radio Standalone]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:LotATC.png|link=LotATC]]</p>

[[LotATC]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">

<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Tacview.png|link=Tacview]]</p>

[[Tacview]]
</div>

<div class="col-sm-4">

<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Combatflite_logo_abbreviated.png|100px|link=CombatFlite]]</p>

[[CombatFlite]]
</div>

<div class="col-sm-4">

<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Voice_attack.png|80px|link=Voice Attack]]</p>

[[Voice Attack]]
</div>

<div class="col-sm-4">

<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:OVGME_Logo.PNG|170px|link=OVGME]]</p>

[[OVGME]]
</div>

</div>
</div>

==Non-DCS World Sims==
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0;">[[File:Bms.png|86px|link=Falcon BMS]]</p>
[[Falcon BMS]]
</div>
</div>

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== Technique Guides & Resources ==
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Basic Airmanship|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Basic Airmanship</span>]]
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Air-to-Air_Combat|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Air-to-Air Combat</span>]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Threat Database|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Threat Database</span>]]
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Air-to-Ground_Combat|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Air-to-Ground Combat</span>]]
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Charts and Checklists|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Brevity (Jargon), Charts and Checklists</span>]]
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Carrier Air Operations|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Carrier Air Operations</span>]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Getting started with GCI/AWACS|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Getting started with GCI/AWACS</span>]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
[[ATC and Airfield Communications|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">ATC and Airfield Communications</span>]]
</div>
</div>



== Multiplayer Guides ==
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Getting Started With Multiplayer|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Getting Started With Multiplayer</span>]]
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Simple Radio Standalone|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Multiplayer Comms</span>]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Running a Server|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Running a Server</span>]]
</div>
</div>

== Setup Guides ==
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Peripherals Guide|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Peripherals Guide</span>]]
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Joystick Profiles|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Joystick Profiles</span>]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Headtracking Guides|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Headtracking Guides</span>]]
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Cockpit Views|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Cockpit Views</span>]]
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Exporting MFCD Displays|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Exporting MFCD Displays</span>]]
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
[[DCS Bios / Cockpit Building|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">DCS Bios / Cockpit Building</span>]]
</div>
</div>

== Mission Making Resources ==
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Simulator_Scripting_Engine_Documentation|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Simulator Scripting Engine Documentation</span>]]
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Mission Scripting Tools Documentation|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Mission Scripting Tools Documentation</span>]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
[[DCS_mission_editor|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Mission Editor Documentation</span>]]
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
[[DCS_mission_editor_tools_mods|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Editor Tools and Mods</span>]]
</div>
</div>

== Modding ==
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Modding_Basics|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Getting Started</span>]]
</div>

<div class="col-md-6">
[[DCS_export|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Export</span>]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
[[DCS_server_gameGUI|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">DCS Server Control Documentation</span>]]
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
[[DCS_liveries|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Liveries</span>]]
</div>
</div>

== Other Links ==
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
[https://www.reddit.com/r/hoggit <span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Hoggit on Reddit</span>]
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
[https://forums.eagle.ru <span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Eagle Dynamics Forums</span>]
</div>
</div>

== Current Prices on Recommended Gear==
<div class="row">

<div class="col-sm-4 col-lg-2">
{{#iDisplay://ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com/widgets/q?ServiceVersion=20070822&OneJS=1&Operation=GetAdHtml&MarketPlace=US&source=ac&ref=tf_til&ad_type=product_link&tracking_id=hoggitworld-20&marketplace=amazon&region=US&placement=B004I5XB4K&asins=B004I5XB4K&linkId=839983d8016d022c4e361d068dcedd5e&show_border=true&link_opens_in_new_window=true&price_color=333333&title_color=0066c0&bg_color=ffffff|200|280}}</div>

<div class="col-sm-4 col-lg-2">
{{#iDisplay://ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com/widgets/q?ServiceVersion=20070822&OneJS=1&Operation=GetAdHtml&MarketPlace=US&source=ac&ref=tf_til&ad_type=product_link&tracking_id=hoggitworld-20&marketplace=amazon&region=US&placement=B01LY285ZH&asins=B01LY285ZH&linkId=0f1fe6cb2b72e84f9187d474626d1d93&show_border=true&link_opens_in_new_window=true&price_color=333333&title_color=0066c0&bg_color=ffffff|200|280}}</div>

<div class="col-sm-4 col-lg-2">
{{#iDisplay://ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com/widgets/q?ServiceVersion=20070822&OneJS=1&Operation=GetAdHtml&MarketPlace=US&source=ac&ref=tf_til&ad_type=product_link&tracking_id=hoggitworld-20&marketplace=amazon&region=US&placement=B0029M6VKA&asins=B0029M6VKA&linkId=0f3882a4ce7cc8e7c03973917133f9d2&show_border=true&link_opens_in_new_window=true&price_color=333333&title_color=0066c0&bg_color=ffffff|200|280}}</div>

<div class="col-sm-4 col-lg-2">
{{#iDisplay://ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com/widgets/q?ServiceVersion=20070822&OneJS=1&Operation=GetAdHtml&MarketPlace=US&source=ss&ref=as_ss_li_til&ad_type=product_link&tracking_id=hoggitworld-20&marketplace=amazon&region=US&placement=B01LX398IE&asins=B01LX398IE&linkId=60ad1f8062e080986ecea05098ed8a21&show_border=true&link_opens_in_new_window=true|200|280}}</div>

<div class="col-sm-4 col-lg-2">
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<div class="col-sm-4 col-lg-2">
{{#iDisplay://ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com/widgets/q?ServiceVersion=20070822&OneJS=1&Operation=GetAdHtml&MarketPlace=US&source=ac&ref=tf_til&ad_type=product_link&tracking_id=hoggitworld-20&marketplace=amazon&region=US&placement=B0000512IE&asins=B0000512IE&linkId=c0fc561a2ac5effe5ca2540e14a2f9af&show_border=true&link_opens_in_new_window=true&price_color=333333&title_color=0066c0&bg_color=ffffff|200|280}}</div>
</div>
<div class="row">If nothing appears here, Amazon links are removed by AdBlock. Consider whitelisting our wiki in your ad blocker! We use the money for things like giveaways, contests, and funding our dedicated server.

Check out the [[Peripherals Guide]] for more information.</div>

File:F14 Icon TEMP.png

2019-03-03T19:34:30Z

Nanne118: Temporary icon for the F14

Temporary icon for the F14

DCS Bios / Cockpit Building

2019-02-04T19:14:33Z

Nanne118: Page creation

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{{OtherModuleInfo
|modulename=DCS Bios
|modulethumb=Blue73 F18 Simpit DCS BIOS.jpg
|storelink=https://github.com/dcs-bios/dcs-bios
|trailerlink=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=giCPUW1kNfg
}}

DCS Bios is an export software (developed by a lot of hard-working community members) that lets you interface your hardware with DCS. For example, you can use an Arduino board to use a toggle lever to actuate (lower / raise) the landing gear on your F/A-18C Hornet, or have a Master Caution LED indicator to let you know when pesky problems break your favourite aircraft. If you have done that, you can combine any number of these 'inputs' into a so-called 'panel' of inputs to be the next step :)

[https://forums.eagle.ru/showthread.php?t=219982&page=20 Eventually, you can even go completely overboard and build your own simulation cockpit (known as a 'simpit') with it: the one shown here in the thumbnail is an excellent F/A-18C Simpit being build by Blue73 with a lot of clever mechanics and quality code.]

Although coding in general is considered (very) difficult and creating hardware for your favourite DCS module(s) may look impossible for you to do, our goal with these wiki pages is to explain all various topics in such a manner that anyone would be able to build their own panel / cockpit

__TOC__

== DCS Bios Overview ==

[https://github.com/dcs-bios/dcs-bios DCS Bios can be obtained from the "store" github link in the description box] and is provided free of charge: it is being developed by a hard-working community over on this github, so if you have any coding experience / want to improve your favourite DCS module feel free to contribute! Simply put, this program works by exporting (cockpit) status data from DCS and sending it to your hardware device of choice: it can also pick up any changes you make to the hardware, such as flipping a switch or rotating a dial and accordingly change something within your DCS module cockpit (like lowering the landing gear or changing the radio frequency).

=== Hardware ===

=== Software ===

File:Blue73 F18 Simpit DCS BIOS.jpg

2019-02-04T18:25:32Z

Nanne118: Nanne118 uploaded a new version of File:Blue73 F18 Simpit DCS BIOS.jpg

File:Blue73 F18 Simpit DCS BIOS.jpg

2019-02-04T18:23:46Z

Nanne118:

Exporting MFCD Displays

2019-02-04T18:02:27Z

Nanne118: /* .Editing program for .lua */

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Exporting your displays / screens from inside the cockpit is a great way to more easily available information to you: you can forego the need to zoom in and look at the various screens (Multi Function Displays, Radar Warning Receivers) and instead have them on separate monitors always available to you!

=== Monitor Setup via .lua file ===

By far the most robust and future proof method of setting up display export(s) is to edit and use the MonitorSetup.lua file located in your DCS World install path. A monitor setup file holds the position for the various screens you want to export and view from the DCS client: these files use the .lua language which can appear daunting at first, but is in fact rather simple and convenient once you get to know it.

==== Editing program for .lua ====

Before we delve any further into opening and editing .lua files, let us first ensure that we have an appropriate (.lua) editor installed. Although the default Notepad shipped with most Windows installations may seem like a fitting program to use, Windows Notepad messes with the order and syntax ('spaces and lines/enters') within a file. This means that the file may become corrupted or unreadable in the eyes of the program using the .lua file if edited with the default Windows notepad (or equivalent program primarily designed for text editing).

As such we instead recommended 'Notepad++' (or any other program primarily designed for code editing, called IDE - Integrated Developer Environment) to use whenever you are editing a file written in programming language(s), as it does not have this flaw of editing the structure of the file. [https://notepad-plus-plus.org/download/v7.6.2.html Notepad++ can be obtained here.]

----

These MonitorSetup.lua files can be found (by default) in the DCS World Install location:
\DCS World (OpenBeta)\Config\MonitorSetup\
[[File:DCS MFD Export Screencap 1.png|right|thumb|Selecting a MonitorSetup.lua inside DCS]]
You will notice that there are a number of pre-made Monitor Setups available within this folder: we will go over opening and editing these files in a moment.

We can have any number of MonitorSetup.lua files stored in this folder, but we can only run one active MonitorSetup at a time. We can change this in 2 ways:

1) The first method is probably the most convenient and easiest to do, as it involves simply selecting the MonitorSetup within the DCS Settings menu. Open DCS, navigate to the options menu (the little cogwheel at the top) and from the list of available setups select the one you wish to use. Upon selecting the (hopefully) appropriate monitor setup file and clicking 'OK' the selected setup will become active, so be careful not to select the wrong setup file.

2) The second method is a little less convenient, but this method can also be used to restore back to any monitor setup without having to go through the DCS client. This becomes particularly helpful if you have selected the wrong monitor setup by accident and subsequently elements (such as the 'OK' button or the dropdown list) are being hidden off screen. We can change any DCS settings by going to:
\C:\Users\{Username}\Saved Games\DCS(.openbeta)\Config\options.lua

We can edit any setting in this file to alter the settings in DCS, but for altering the MonitorSetup file used we will want to change the "multiMonitorSetup" entry (either search this with CTRL+F or look it up under the "graphics" tab). You can change this to be any entry corresponding to a file within the \DCS\Config\MonitorSetup\ , but if in doubt the default is
["multiMonitorSetup"] = "1camera",
to restore it to the default DCS View.

==== MonitorSetup Overview ====

After installing the appropriate Notepad++ or other editor to edit our .lua files, we can now make a MonitorSetup file that corresponds to our own setup. To start, lets copy over an existing MonitorSetup file and rename it so that we have something to start with: let us use the LMFCD+Camera+RMFCD.lua file as an example.

A word of warning: if you fail to rename it to something unique (and instead leave it as LMFCD+Camera+RMFCD.lua(1) ) DCS will do weird stuff if you try to select this setup / profile. So please rename it, possibly to 'MyFirstSetup' or some such.

[[File:MFCD+camera+MFCD.png|thumb|right|LMFCD+Camera+RMFCD.lua visualisation]]

If we open this setup we can see that the screen is split up into 3 different screens, so-called 'viewports'. The most important viewport is our Center, which takes care of our main screen: we also have our left and right MFCD's exported onto the screen. In this setup the monitor is divided into 3 separate (horizontal) areas, which from left to right house the left MFCD, main screen and right MFCD respectively.

The various numbers listed are the coordinate locations '''in pixels''', with X coordinates being drawn from left to right and Y coordinates from '''top to bottom'''. Thus (X,Y) = (0,0) is located at the top left of your screen, not the bottom left as you might expect.

Although we could choose to use the pixel values directly, we can also use some in-built commands (also present in the LMFCD+Camera+RMFCD.lua example) to get these values automatically for us. The command 'screen.width' gets the width of our screen, and 'screen.height' gets the total height of our screen: if you play on a resolution of 1920x1080, screen.width would return 1920 and screen.height would return 1080.

Our screen.aspect (also a command we can use, just not that useful) would then be 1.777777778, as it is 1920/1080 (= screen.width / screen.height). We can also use the appropriate mathematical expressions to allocate our 'viewports': in the .lua language you can use the plus +, minus -, divide /, and multiplication * operators.

==== MonitorSetup editing ====

The use of the .width, .height and .aspect commands allows for a nice dynamic scaling, as you do not have to calculate all the various pixel distances (widths and heights). It even allows for some (limited) interchangeability between different resolutions and screens.

If we (again) look at the LMFCD+Camera+RMFCD.lua MonitorSetup we find the following code, which sets up the 3 viewports according to the images shown.
Center =
{
x = screen.width / 3; -- Left side will start at this X point for the in-game resolution
y = 0; -- Top side will start at this Y point for the in-game resolution
width = screen.width / 3; -- Width of the center viewport inside the game resolution
height = screen.height; -- Height of the center viewport inside the game resolution
viewDx = 0; -- Horizontal default viewpoint direction
viewDy = 0; -- Vertical default viewpoint direction
aspect = screen.aspect / 3; -- screen aspect: screen.width/screen.height by default
}
UIMainView = Viewports.Center

Similarly for the Left and Right MFCD (LEFT_MFCD and RIGHT_MFCD) viewports we find that these hold a start x and y point, as well as a width and height settings. These work similar to the examples listed above for the center viewport, except they do not have aspect or default viewpoint directions (as you can only view them headon, per their representation in the cockpit). Finally, the 'UIMainView = Viewports.Center' tells the .lua file where to place the Radio / JTAC UI in DCS; if not specified it will be placed all the way to the right (and thus may be obscured).

[[File:MFCD embedded.png|thumb|right|A more suitable DCS setup, with overlapping MFCD's]]

By altering the values we can alter the sizes and position of the various elements present in our DCS client. For example, a more reasonable MonitorSetup.lua with both MFCD's would be the one listed below. Note that the MFCD's (with height & width of 300 pixels) are overlapping the main screen: they get rendered over top because we specified them last. This can be both helpful and annoying, so plan ahead how you want to setup your Monitor.lua.

In a similar fashion we can have multiple instruments / screens from different aircraft overlap one another: as you cannot be in more than 1 aircraft simultaneously only the relevant instruments / screens from that aircraft will be drawn / rendered.

_ = function(p) return p; end;
name = _('MFCD');
Description = 'More suitable?'
Viewports =
{
Center =
{
x = 0;
y = 0;
width = screen.width;
height = screen.height;
viewDx = 0;
viewDy = 0;
aspect = screen.aspect;
}
}
--
LEFT_MFCD =
{
x = 0;
y = screen.height - 300;
width = 300;
height = 300;
}
--
RIGHT_MFCD =
{
x = screen.width - 300;
y = screen.height - 300;
width = 300;
height = 300;
}
--
UIMainView = Viewports.Center

==== Multiple screens ====

For running multiple screens we will first need to adjust the resolution accordingly, so that DCS can make use of all the screens you wish to make use of. By default, DCS only uses the primary (#1) monitor tied into that computer / Windows: so we need to tell it to make use of your other screens as well.

This requires you to do a bit of calculation, as we need to calculate the overarcing resolution by adding up the screen resolutions (as DCS effectively merges them into 1 large screen for all intents and purposes). Some examples to illustrate this point:

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Side by side monitors.png|none|alt=Alt text|Side by side monitors
File:Side by side monitors.png|none|alt=Alt text|Mismatching screens #1
File:Side by side monitors.png|none|alt=Alt text|Mismatching screens #2
</gallery>

To calculate our overall width and height, simply add up the relevant values.

1. For our side by side monitors, we add up the two widths (both are 768) to get our total width of 1536 pixels (2 * 768). The total height is equal to a single height, so 1024 pixels.

2.

3.

==== Viewports ====

Here are all the varying items you can viewport by default: please reference the resources links on how to export more items to viewports. Recall that only instruments / screens from the current aircraft will be drawn rendered, so you can stack multiple instruments / screens from different aircraft in one location.

==== Resources ====

[https://forums.eagle.ru/showthread.php?t=70716 How to add Viewports to any instrument]

[https://www.digitalcombatsimulator.com/en/files/214771/ Dummies Guide for the MonitorSetup.lua by FrankP (Nice images!)]

[https://forums.eagle.ru/showthread.php?t=87104 Adding custom resolution templates to DCS]

----
----

===Ultra MFCD===
[[File:Umfcd.PNG|right|thumb|Umfcd in Action]]
[https://ultramfcd.com Ultra MFCD is an easily configurable tool for zero configuration MFCD exports to any monitor that your OS sees]

It works with multi-monitor setups, works with touchscreens, visit the page in the link above to see all of it's available features.

Hoggit DCS World Wiki

2019-02-04T17:58:07Z

Nanne118: Added DCS Bios

<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-12 hidden-xs">
[[File:Toc.png|class=img-responsive center-block|link=Hoggit DCS World Wiki]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-12 hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg">
[[File:Toc_small.png|class=img-responsive center-block|link=Hoggit DCS World Wiki]]
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<div class="col-sm-12 hidden-xs">
[[File:GAWupdate.png|class=img-responsive center-block|link=Georgia At War]]
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[[File:GAWupdate_small.png|class=img-responsive center-block|link=Georgia At War]]
</div>
</div>

===Learn to Fly===
Welcome to Hoggit's DCS: World Wiki! We're a noob-friendly SeriousFaceTM multiplayer and singleplayer flight simulation community based on Reddit. This Wiki is meant to be a resource for anyone looking for information on the simulations we primarily play, DCS: World and Falcon BMS. We're gathering and organizing all the information related to the games, their peripherals, their quirks, and their tweaks/mods into this central repository in hopes that the World community will find it a valuable "one-stop shop" resource for everything you'd want to know.

[[Frequently Asked Questions]]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=apvriPLtiZA&list=UUHa9LMylydkT0T3qSzAVrlw&feature=c4-overview What is DCS World?]

[[Simulator Scripting Engine Documentation|Looking for MIST/Scripting Documentation?]]

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<div class="col-sm-12">
[https://discord.gg/hoggit <span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button"><img src="images/b/bb/Discord_main.jpg" /> Join the Discord!</span>]
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<div class="col-sm-12">
[[Tuesday Night Noob|<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button"><img src="images/b/bb/Discord_main.jpg" />Looking to ease your way into multiplayer? Join Tuesday Night Noob!</span>]]
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<div class="col-sm-12">
Hoggit was created as a laid back place for flight simmers of all skill levels to get together and fly online all while learning the modules of DCS World. Multiplayer DCS World groups tend to be very strict and regimented so we wanted to create a niche where people could casually come together and focus on having a good time. A great place to start is our Discord, where you'll find a community of sim pilots who are always willing to lend a hand to a new player, or just talk about sims in general.
</div>
</div>

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== DCS World Modules ==

<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4" style="margin-bottom: 3rem; border-right: thin solid #f1f1f1">
====Fighter/Multirole====
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:F-A-18C-icon.png|link=F/A-18C]]</p>

[[F/A-18C]]
</div>

<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:M2000-icon.png|link=Mirage 2000C]]</p>

[[Mirage 2000C|M-2000C]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:F5.png|link=F-5E Tiger II]]</p>

[[F-5E Tiger II]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Mig21.png|link=Mig-21bis]]</p>

[[Mig-21bis]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:F86f.png|link=F-86F Sabre]]</p>

[[F-86F Sabre]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Mig15.png|link=Mig-15bis]]</p>

[[Mig-15bis]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Fc3.png|link=Flaming Cliffs]]</p>

[[Flaming Cliffs]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4" style="margin-bottom: 3rem; border-right: thin solid #f1f1f1">
====Attack====
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:A10C-icon.png|link=A-10C]]</p>

[[A-10C]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:av8b.png|link=AV-8B(NA)]]</p>

[[AV-8B(NA)]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:ajs37.png|link=AJS-37]]</p>

[[AJS-37]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Su25t.png|link=Su-25T]]</p>

[[Su-25T]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">

</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">

</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4" style="margin-bottom: 3rem;">
====Rotorcraft====
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:ka52.png|link=Ka-50]]</p>

[[Ka-50]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:uh1h.png|link=UH-1H]]</p>

[[UH-1H]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:mi8.png|link=Mi-8]]</p>

[[Mi-8]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:sa342.png|link=SA342]]</p>

[[SA342]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">

</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">

</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4" style="margin-bottom: 3rem; border-right: thin solid #f1f1f1">

====World War 2====
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:p51.png|link=P-51D]]</p>

[[P-51D]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:bf109.png|link=Bf 109 K-4]]</p>

[[Bf 109 K-4]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:spitfire.png|link=Spitfire Mk. IX]]</p>

[[Spitfire Mk. IX]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:fw190.png|link=Fw 190 D-9]]</p>

[[Fw 190 D-9]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">

</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">

</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4" style="margin-bottom: 3rem; border-right: thin solid #f1f1f1">
====Trainers====
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:l39.png|link=L-39]]</p>

[[L-39]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:c101.png|link=C-101]]</p>

[[C-101]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:hawk.png|link=Hawk T.1A]]</p>

[[Hawk T.1A]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">

</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">

</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">

</div>
</div>
</div>

<div class="col-md-4" style="margin-bottom: 3rem;">
====Tools & Utilities====
<div class="row text-center">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Srs.png|link=Simple Radio Standalone]]</p>

[[Simple Radio Standalone]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:LotATC.png|link=LotATC]]</p>

[[LotATC]]
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">

<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Tacview.png|link=Tacview]]</p>

[[Tacview]]
</div>

<div class="col-sm-4">

<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Combatflite_logo_abbreviated.png|100px|link=CombatFlite]]</p>

[[CombatFlite]]
</div>

<div class="col-sm-4">

<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:Voice_attack.png|80px|link=Voice Attack]]</p>

[[Voice Attack]]
</div>

<div class="col-sm-4">

<p style="margin-bottom: 0">[[File:OVGME_Logo.PNG|170px|link=OVGME]]</p>

[[OVGME]]
</div>

</div>
</div>

==Non-DCS World Sims==
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-4">
<p style="margin-bottom: 0;">[[File:Bms.png|86px|link=Falcon BMS]]</p>
[[Falcon BMS]]
</div>
</div>

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== Technique Guides & Resources ==
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Basic Airmanship|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Basic Airmanship</span>]]
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Air-to-Air_Combat|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Air-to-Air Combat</span>]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Threat Database|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Threat Database</span>]]
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
[[Air-to-Ground_Combat|
<span class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" href="#" role="button">Air-to-Ground Combat</span>]]
</div>
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Threat Database

2019-01-27T11:14:22Z

Nanne118: /* Surface to Air Missile Systems (SAMs) */

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[[File:SA-6 'KUB' missile system exercise!.jpg|thumb|SA-6 Kub]]

The DCS universe is full of things that are constantly trying to kill you. In some cases, such as [[DCS: Black Shark]], even your very own aircraft wants nothing more than to introduce you to the ground with maximum prejudice. In other cases, the threats you will encounter are proper anti-aircraft platforms, and that's what is covered here.

It helps to get an idea of what's out there. You should know when it's okay to dirty yourself when you hear ''BEEP! BEEP BEEP!'' come from your [[RWR]] vs. when it's safe to turn music back up. A [[SA-13 Gopher]] isn't much of a threat when you're 20,000 AGL, but if you see an [[SA-10 Grumble]] or one of its radars pop up on your green screen, well, it's probably a good time to call the wife and kids and tell them you might be stuck at the office for a while.

__TOC__

[[File:RWR table horz.PNG|thumb|600px|Basic symbology overview]]

<br />

==Symbology Overview==

Here is a list of symbology that can be found on most modern (Western) fighters: note that the Russian planes may make use of a different RWR system that does not use these symbols. Note that the symbols denote critical differences between various threats: an American F-15C jet aircraft will have the same symbol ('15') as a Russian SA-15 Tor SAM system.

==Surface to Air Missile Systems (SAMs)==

{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Ground
Threat
Guide
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Threat
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | NATO
Code
! rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | RWR
IDENT
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Type
! rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Gun
Ammo
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Missile
Amount
! rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Speed
(mach)
! colspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Range (nm)
! style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Radar
(nm)
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Acquire
Time
(sec.)
! colspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Altitude (ft)
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Danger
(1~10)
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Min
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Max
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Max
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Min
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Max
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000; color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="7" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | AAA
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2K22M Tunguska
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-19 Grison]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-S6.PNG|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP, RAD, LSR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1936
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 8x SACLOS
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2/4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0 / 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 16000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 5
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | Flk. Pnz. Gepard
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | A
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 660
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | M163 VADS
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2280
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ZPU-1/2/4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 50 - 4800
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.7
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 1
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ZSU-23-4 Shilka
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | A
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1.3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 12
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ZSU-57-2 Sparka
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 254
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 14000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
|-
| style="font-size:12px;" | Zu-23-3 Sergey
| style="font-size:12px;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px;" |
| style="font-size:12px;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px;" |
| style="font-size:12px;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px;" | 1.3
| style="font-size:12px;" |
| style="font-size:12px;" | 4
| style="font-size:12px;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px;" | 6500
| style="font-size:12px;" | 1
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="3" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MPD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3K38 Igla
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-18 Grouse]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.25
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 12000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9K338 Igla-S
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-24
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.25
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 12000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | FIM-92 Stinger
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 11000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000; color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="8" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SHORAD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 9A33 Osa
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-8 Gecko]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-8.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 16
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 26
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 50
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 21000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | Strela-1 9P31
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | '''[[SA-9 Gaskin]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 12000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 6
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 9K35 Strela-10
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-13 Gopher]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-13.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 75
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 15000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9K331 Tor
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | '''[[SA-15 Gauntlet]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-15.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 8x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 6.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 16
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 60
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 26000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 7
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Jeep Avenger ADS
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP, IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 180
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 8x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3.7
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 11000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | M6 Linebacker
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP, IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 1500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 11000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MIM-115 Roland
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RO
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 10x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 5.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 11
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 30
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 19500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | MIM-72G Chaparral
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 150
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 5
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="5" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MERAD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S-75 Devina
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-2
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 02
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 25
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | S-215 Pechora
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | '''[[SA-3 Goa]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-3.PNG|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 13.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 40
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 21
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 700
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 33000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 5
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2K12 Kub
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-6 Gainful]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-6.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 19.2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 47
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 28
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 33000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9K37 Buk
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | '''[[SA-11 Gadfly]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-11.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-SD.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP, RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 20.2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 90
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 26
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 450
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 45000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 8
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MIM-23 Hawk
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | HA, HK
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 25.6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 12
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 450
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 45000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000; color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | LORAD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S-300PS
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-10 Grumble]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-10.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-BB.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-CS.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP, RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 40
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 160
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 50
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 150000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 10
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | MIM-104 Patriot
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 1.6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 86
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 92
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 200
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 80000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 10
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="11" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | TGT RAD*
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | P-19 Flat Face
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-3
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | FF
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Often part of SA-3, but can also guide others
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 85
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SNR-125 Low Blow
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-3
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-3 Missile guidance radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 22
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1S91 Straight Flush
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-6
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-6 Target acquisition and tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9S80M1 Dog Ear
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-9
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | DE
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-9, SA-13, ZSU-23-4 support radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 20
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 5N66M Clam Shell
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-CS.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10 TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 64
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 64H6E Big Bird
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-10
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-BB.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-10 TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 160
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 30N6E Flap Lid
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-10.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10 Target tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9S18M1 Snow Drift
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-11
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-SD.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-11 TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 86
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Roland Radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RO
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Roland TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 16
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | AN/MPQ-46 HPIR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | HA
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | MIM-23 Hawk Target tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | AN/MPQ-53
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | HK
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MIM-104 Patriot acquisition and tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="5" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | EWR / ACQR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1L13 Box Spring
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Early Warning / Surveillance Radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 160
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 130000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 55G6 Tall Rack
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | Early Warning / Surveillance Radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 215
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 130000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | P-37 Bar Lock
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 210
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | PRW-11 Side Net
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RSP-7 Two Spot
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 20
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Types: OP = optical, RAD = radar, LSR = laser,
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Missile reload time for units supplied with logistical facilities (supply trucks, friendly bases) is approx. 10 minutes
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Target radars (often) boost (radar) range and reaction time of the default vehicle: you could still be locked with the launchers own radar / optics
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Vehicles that do not use radar for guidance may still use it for ranging and target detection (SA-13, SA-19)
|}

<br />
<br />

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range (nm)
! scope="col" | Max range (nm)
! scope="col" | Min Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Max Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Speed (Mach)
! scope="col" | Armament
! scope="col" | Threat Level
|-
|| '''[[SA-3 Goa]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-125 S-125 Nyeva]
|| [[File:RWR-3.PNG|50px]]
|| 3.24
|| 13.5
|| 300
|| 82,200
|| 3+
|| 4
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-6 Gainful]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA_6 3M9 Kub/Kvadrat]
|| [[File:RWR-6.png|50px]]
|| 2.16
|| 13
||
|| 46,000
|| 2.8
|| 3
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-8 Gecko]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-8 9K33 Osa]
|| [[File:RWR-8.png|50px]]
|| 0.8
|| 5.4
|| 80
|| 19,700
||
|| 6
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[SA-9 Gaskin]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-9 9K21 Strela-1]
|| N/A (IR Guidance)
|| 0.43
|| 2.27
|| 100
|| 11,500
|| 1.8
|| 4
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[SA-10 Grumble]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-10 S-300]
|| [[File:RWR-10.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-BB.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-CS.png|50px]]
||
|| 25.4
||
|| 98,500
|| 6
|| 4
|| '''Extreme'''
|-
|| '''[[SA-11 Gadfly]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-11 9K37 Buk]
|| [[File:RWR-11.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-SD.png|50px]]
|| 2
|| 13
||
|| 39,400
|| 2.8
|| 4
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-13 Gopher]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-13 9K35 Strela-10]
|| [[File:RWR-13.png|50px]]
|| 0.1
|| 2.7
|| 30
|| 11,500
|| 1.6
|| 4
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[SA-15 Gauntlet]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-15 9K330 Tor]
|| [[File:RWR-15.png|50px]]
|| 0.54
|| 6.5
||
|| 19,700
|| 2.7
|| 8
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-18 Grouse]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K38_Igla 9K38 Igla]
|| N/A (IR Guidance - MANPAD)
|| N/A
|| 2.8
||
|| 9,800
||
|| 1
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-19 Grison]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-19 9K22 Tunguska]
|| [[File:RWR-S6.PNG|50px]]
|| 0.8
|| 6.5
||
|| 19,700
||
|| 8
|| Moderate
|}

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==Missiles==

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range (nm)
! scope="col" | Max range (nm)
! scope="col" | Min Altitude
! scope="col" | Max Altitude
! scope="col" | Speed (Mach)
! scope="col" | Armament
! scope="col" | Threat Level

|-
|| '''[[R-24R]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-23_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 10.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-24T]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-23_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 10.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-27ER]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 37.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| High
|-
|| '''[[R-27ET]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 37.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| High
|-
|| '''[[R-27R]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 27
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-27T]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 21.6
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2.5
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-60]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-60_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 2.7
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-73]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-73_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 8.09
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2.5
|| High Explosive
|| Very High
|-
|| '''[[R-77]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-77_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 31.07
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Very High

|}

===NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range (nm)
! scope="col" | Max range (nm)
! scope="col" | Min Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Max Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Speed (Mach)
! scope="col" | Armament (Warhead Type)
! scope="col" | Threat Level
|-
|| '''[[AIM-120B]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-120_AMRAAM link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 29.71
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 4
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|-
|| '''[[AIM-120C]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-120_AMRAAM link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 29.71
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 4
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|-
|| '''[[AIM-7M]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-7_Sparrow link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 24.31
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|-
|| '''[[AIM-9M]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-9_Sidewinder link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 9.71
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2.5
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|}

==Aircraft==

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range
! scope="col" | Max range
! scope="col" | Min Altitude
! scope="col" | Max Altitude
! scope="col" | Speed
! scope="col" | Armament
|-
|| '''[[shell]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-125 link]
|| [[File:RWR-3.PNG|50px]]
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK

|}

==Airspace Surveillance==

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Flexibility
! scope="col" | Max detection range
! scope="col" | Min Altitude
! scope="col" | Max Altitude
|-
|| '''[[Dog Ear]]'''
|| 1S80 "Sborka" PPRU
|| [[File:RWR-DE.png|50px]]
|| self-propelled
|| 80 km
|| UNK
|| UNK
|-
|| UNK
|| 55G6-1 NEBO
|| [[File:RWR-S.png|50px]]
|| stationary deployable
|| 500 km
|| UNK
|| 40 km
|-
|| '''[[Box Spring]]'''
|| 1L13-3 NEBO-SV
|| [[File:RWR-S.png|50px]]
|| stationary deployable
|| 500 km
|| UNK
|| 40 km

|}

Threat Database

2019-01-27T11:14:09Z

Nanne118: /* Surface to Air Missile Systems (SAMs) */

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[[File:SA-6 'KUB' missile system exercise!.jpg|thumb|SA-6 Kub]]

The DCS universe is full of things that are constantly trying to kill you. In some cases, such as [[DCS: Black Shark]], even your very own aircraft wants nothing more than to introduce you to the ground with maximum prejudice. In other cases, the threats you will encounter are proper anti-aircraft platforms, and that's what is covered here.

It helps to get an idea of what's out there. You should know when it's okay to dirty yourself when you hear ''BEEP! BEEP BEEP!'' come from your [[RWR]] vs. when it's safe to turn music back up. A [[SA-13 Gopher]] isn't much of a threat when you're 20,000 AGL, but if you see an [[SA-10 Grumble]] or one of its radars pop up on your green screen, well, it's probably a good time to call the wife and kids and tell them you might be stuck at the office for a while.

__TOC__

[[File:RWR table horz.PNG|thumb|600px|Basic symbology overview]]

<br />

==Symbology Overview==

Here is a list of symbology that can be found on most modern (Western) fighters: note that the Russian planes may make use of a different RWR system that does not use these symbols. Note that the symbols denote critical differences between various threats: an American F-15C jet aircraft will have the same symbol ('15') as a Russian SA-15 Tor SAM system.

==Surface to Air Missile Systems (SAMs)==

{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Ground
Threat
Guide
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Threat
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | NATO
Code
! rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | RWR
IDENT
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Tracking type
! rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Gun
Ammo
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Missile
Amount
! rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Speed
(mach)
! colspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Range (nm)
! style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Radar
(nm)
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Acquire
Time
(sec.)
! colspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Altitude (ft)
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Danger
(1~10)
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Min
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Max
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Max
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Min
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Max
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000; color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="7" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | AAA
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2K22M Tunguska
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-19 Grison]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-S6.PNG|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP, RAD, LSR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1936
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 8x SACLOS
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2/4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0 / 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 16000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 5
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | Flk. Pnz. Gepard
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | A
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 660
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | M163 VADS
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2280
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ZPU-1/2/4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 50 - 4800
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.7
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 1
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ZSU-23-4 Shilka
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | A
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1.3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 12
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ZSU-57-2 Sparka
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 254
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 14000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
|-
| style="font-size:12px;" | Zu-23-3 Sergey
| style="font-size:12px;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px;" |
| style="font-size:12px;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px;" |
| style="font-size:12px;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px;" | 1.3
| style="font-size:12px;" |
| style="font-size:12px;" | 4
| style="font-size:12px;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px;" | 6500
| style="font-size:12px;" | 1
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="3" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MPD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3K38 Igla
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-18 Grouse]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.25
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 12000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9K338 Igla-S
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-24
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.25
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 12000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | FIM-92 Stinger
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 11000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000; color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="8" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SHORAD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 9A33 Osa
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-8 Gecko]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-8.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 16
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 26
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 50
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 21000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | Strela-1 9P31
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | '''[[SA-9 Gaskin]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 12000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 6
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 9K35 Strela-10
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-13 Gopher]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-13.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 75
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 15000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9K331 Tor
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | '''[[SA-15 Gauntlet]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-15.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 8x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 6.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 16
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 60
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 26000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 7
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Jeep Avenger ADS
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP, IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 180
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 8x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3.7
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 11000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | M6 Linebacker
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP, IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 1500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 11000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MIM-115 Roland
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RO
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 10x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 5.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 11
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 30
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 19500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | MIM-72G Chaparral
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 150
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 5
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="5" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MERAD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S-75 Devina
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-2
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 02
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 25
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | S-215 Pechora
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | '''[[SA-3 Goa]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-3.PNG|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 13.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 40
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 21
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 700
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 33000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 5
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2K12 Kub
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-6 Gainful]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-6.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 19.2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 47
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 28
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 33000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9K37 Buk
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | '''[[SA-11 Gadfly]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-11.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-SD.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP, RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 20.2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 90
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 26
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 450
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 45000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 8
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MIM-23 Hawk
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | HA, HK
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 25.6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 12
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 450
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 45000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000; color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | LORAD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S-300PS
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | '''[[SA-10 Grumble]]'''
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-10.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-BB.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-CS.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP, RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 40
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 160
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 50
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 150000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 10
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | MIM-104 Patriot
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 1.6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 86
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 92
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 200
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 80000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 10
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="11" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | TGT RAD*
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | P-19 Flat Face
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-3
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | FF
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Often part of SA-3, but can also guide others
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 85
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SNR-125 Low Blow
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-3
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-3 Missile guidance radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 22
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1S91 Straight Flush
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-6
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-6 Target acquisition and tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9S80M1 Dog Ear
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-9
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | DE
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-9, SA-13, ZSU-23-4 support radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 20
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 5N66M Clam Shell
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-CS.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10 TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 64
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 64H6E Big Bird
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-10
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-BB.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-10 TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 160
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 30N6E Flap Lid
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-10.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10 Target tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9S18M1 Snow Drift
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-11
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-SD.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-11 TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 86
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Roland Radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RO
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Roland TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 16
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | AN/MPQ-46 HPIR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | HA
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | MIM-23 Hawk Target tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | AN/MPQ-53
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | HK
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MIM-104 Patriot acquisition and tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="5" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | EWR / ACQR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1L13 Box Spring
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Early Warning / Surveillance Radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 160
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 130000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 55G6 Tall Rack
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | Early Warning / Surveillance Radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 215
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 130000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | P-37 Bar Lock
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 210
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | PRW-11 Side Net
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RSP-7 Two Spot
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 20
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Types: OP = optical, RAD = radar, LSR = laser,
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Missile reload time for units supplied with logistical facilities (supply trucks, friendly bases) is approx. 10 minutes
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Target radars (often) boost (radar) range and reaction time of the default vehicle: you could still be locked with the launchers own radar / optics
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Vehicles that do not use radar for guidance may still use it for ranging and target detection (SA-13, SA-19)
|}

<br />
<br />

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range (nm)
! scope="col" | Max range (nm)
! scope="col" | Min Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Max Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Speed (Mach)
! scope="col" | Armament
! scope="col" | Threat Level
|-
|| '''[[SA-3 Goa]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-125 S-125 Nyeva]
|| [[File:RWR-3.PNG|50px]]
|| 3.24
|| 13.5
|| 300
|| 82,200
|| 3+
|| 4
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-6 Gainful]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA_6 3M9 Kub/Kvadrat]
|| [[File:RWR-6.png|50px]]
|| 2.16
|| 13
||
|| 46,000
|| 2.8
|| 3
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-8 Gecko]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-8 9K33 Osa]
|| [[File:RWR-8.png|50px]]
|| 0.8
|| 5.4
|| 80
|| 19,700
||
|| 6
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[SA-9 Gaskin]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-9 9K21 Strela-1]
|| N/A (IR Guidance)
|| 0.43
|| 2.27
|| 100
|| 11,500
|| 1.8
|| 4
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[SA-10 Grumble]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-10 S-300]
|| [[File:RWR-10.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-BB.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-CS.png|50px]]
||
|| 25.4
||
|| 98,500
|| 6
|| 4
|| '''Extreme'''
|-
|| '''[[SA-11 Gadfly]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-11 9K37 Buk]
|| [[File:RWR-11.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-SD.png|50px]]
|| 2
|| 13
||
|| 39,400
|| 2.8
|| 4
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-13 Gopher]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-13 9K35 Strela-10]
|| [[File:RWR-13.png|50px]]
|| 0.1
|| 2.7
|| 30
|| 11,500
|| 1.6
|| 4
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[SA-15 Gauntlet]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-15 9K330 Tor]
|| [[File:RWR-15.png|50px]]
|| 0.54
|| 6.5
||
|| 19,700
|| 2.7
|| 8
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-18 Grouse]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K38_Igla 9K38 Igla]
|| N/A (IR Guidance - MANPAD)
|| N/A
|| 2.8
||
|| 9,800
||
|| 1
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-19 Grison]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-19 9K22 Tunguska]
|| [[File:RWR-S6.PNG|50px]]
|| 0.8
|| 6.5
||
|| 19,700
||
|| 8
|| Moderate
|}

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==Missiles==

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range (nm)
! scope="col" | Max range (nm)
! scope="col" | Min Altitude
! scope="col" | Max Altitude
! scope="col" | Speed (Mach)
! scope="col" | Armament
! scope="col" | Threat Level

|-
|| '''[[R-24R]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-23_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 10.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-24T]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-23_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 10.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-27ER]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 37.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| High
|-
|| '''[[R-27ET]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 37.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| High
|-
|| '''[[R-27R]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 27
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-27T]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 21.6
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2.5
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-60]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-60_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 2.7
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-73]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-73_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 8.09
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2.5
|| High Explosive
|| Very High
|-
|| '''[[R-77]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-77_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 31.07
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Very High

|}

===NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range (nm)
! scope="col" | Max range (nm)
! scope="col" | Min Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Max Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Speed (Mach)
! scope="col" | Armament (Warhead Type)
! scope="col" | Threat Level
|-
|| '''[[AIM-120B]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-120_AMRAAM link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 29.71
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 4
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|-
|| '''[[AIM-120C]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-120_AMRAAM link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 29.71
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 4
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|-
|| '''[[AIM-7M]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-7_Sparrow link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 24.31
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|-
|| '''[[AIM-9M]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-9_Sidewinder link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 9.71
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2.5
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|}

==Aircraft==

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range
! scope="col" | Max range
! scope="col" | Min Altitude
! scope="col" | Max Altitude
! scope="col" | Speed
! scope="col" | Armament
|-
|| '''[[shell]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-125 link]
|| [[File:RWR-3.PNG|50px]]
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK

|}

==Airspace Surveillance==

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Flexibility
! scope="col" | Max detection range
! scope="col" | Min Altitude
! scope="col" | Max Altitude
|-
|| '''[[Dog Ear]]'''
|| 1S80 "Sborka" PPRU
|| [[File:RWR-DE.png|50px]]
|| self-propelled
|| 80 km
|| UNK
|| UNK
|-
|| UNK
|| 55G6-1 NEBO
|| [[File:RWR-S.png|50px]]
|| stationary deployable
|| 500 km
|| UNK
|| 40 km
|-
|| '''[[Box Spring]]'''
|| 1L13-3 NEBO-SV
|| [[File:RWR-S.png|50px]]
|| stationary deployable
|| 500 km
|| UNK
|| 40 km

|}

Carrier Air Operations

2019-01-23T21:15:24Z

Nanne118: /* Case 3 Landing */

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[[File:AircraftCarrierNight.jpeg|350px|thumb|right|A home away from home for many naval aviators]]

Carrier Air Operations are the various procedures and techniques that make up landing on a moving ship, called an aircraft carrier: both STOL / STOVL (such as the Harrier and F-35's) and fixed wing (F-14, F-18) can land on a carrier. Because of the relatively small size of aircraft carriers there are a number of rules and procedures that you should follow when on or around an aircraft carrier.

__TOC__

== Carrier Basics ==

Before we dive headfirst into the procedures and rules associated with carrier air operations, we will first go over the various basics that come into play when operating on a carrier. These include items such as how does a carrier work, what does a carrier look like, and what sort of key features should you pay attention to when you cannot make out left from right when operating on a busy carrier.

=== Carrier Features ===

Because of the limited length of an aircraft carrier some special equipment is used for launching (departure, taking off) and recovering (landing) aircraft. Whereas normally a runway would net you somewhere in the ballpark of 6000 - 12000 feet of usable space, having a total length of 1100 feet is already quite spacious for an aircraft carrier. There are various types of key equipment used on a carrier:

; 1. Arresting gear
: Used to slow down / landing aircraft (recoveries)
; 2. Catapults
: Used to speed up / launch aircraft
; 3. Launch ramp
: Used to launch aircraft
; 4. IFLOLS
: Used to guide aircraft into landing (recoveries)

----

==== Ski ramps (STOBAR) ====

[[File:SU-33_Carrier_Takeoff.gif|thumb|right|[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uox9S6UccEE| Su-33 taking on from ski carrier ramp]]]

Most modern aircraft tend to be quite heavy (due to radar / sensor electronics, as well as heavy jet engines) and as such they cannot simply run off the edge of the ship at full speed to get into the air (though this was common practice for the lighter World War 2 aircraft). Instead, you could use a ramp and a high power aircraft (with very little weight).

[[File:Su33ramp.jpg|thumb|right|200px||Ski ramp on a Russian carrier]]

The procedure of using a ramp to launch aircraft is called [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STOBAR| '''STOBAR''' ( Short Take-Off But Arrested Recovery ) ] and is a simple (cost effective) manner of launching aircraft from a carrier. For this you only need a ramp (angled bit of deck) and you will need a high power to weight ratio (i.e. lot of power, little weight) on your aircraft to launch aircraft off of the carrier.

Launching via STOBAR is done by lining the aircraft up to go off the ramp, go full thrust and launch by running off of it. Removable wheel chocks are used to hold the aircraft in place whilst you run up to full power (in the designated spots): the JBD (Jet Blast Deflector, a big piece of metal behind the plane that can be raised) is used to prevent the exhaust from the airplane preparing to take-off from blowing away other aircraft lined up behind it.

Jets take a few seconds to spool up to full power (i.e. no full thrust from the get go), so the use of these chocks is pretty vital. On some (Russian) aircraft a thrust override (carrier takeoff) switch can be set to provide even more engine power, to be used when an aircraft is heavily loaded or in bad weather conditions.

The drawbacks of using STOBAR is that you get to bring less overall weight, so less weapons and fuel to maintain the amount of power versus weight (also called the thrust vs. weight) ratio to be able to safely launch (although you will typically top up on fuel after launching from any carrier). Also, because the ramp takes up valuable space on the carrier (you can't park aircraft on the ramp), you can typically bring less planes aboard and you will not be able to launch as many planes from a STOBAR carrier (as they all have to use the same ramp to launch).

----

==== Catapults (CATOBAR) ====

[[File:F18_Carrier_Takeoff.gif|thumb|right|[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZzVW9315ur0| F-18C taking off using the catapult]]]

Rather than implement the CATOBAR ramp system, the United States (whom pioneered the system) and most NATO countries instead use the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CATOBAR| '''CATOBAR''' (Catapult Assisted Take-Off But Arrested Recovery ] system. The aircraft catapult is a launcher to which an aircraft is hooked up, which is then launched using external power from the carrier (either steam or electromagnetic power).

Up to the Cold War most aircraft used a length of reinforced rope (called a bridle) to attach to the catapult shuttle, but in all aircraft after the Cold War the shuttle instead connects to the nose gear of the aircraft via the launch bar. The pilot can selectively lower the launch bar with a switch in the cockpit to hook up to the catapult (shuttle). This shuttle also holds back the aircraft, so that the engines can be run up to full (afterburning) mode before launching. The catapult is then set to the appropriate amount of power and the aircraft can be subsequently launched.

Although more expensive (maintenance costs) to operate than the comparative ramp system, the catapult system allows you more flexibility in operating it: you can increase the amount of power on the catapult for heavier aircraft (more fuel/ordinance), as well as being able to hookup and launch multiple aircraft in quick succession by using multiple catapults.

----

==== Arresting gear ====

[[File:F18_Carrier_Landing.gif|thumb|right|[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I3fm4HwVdE8| F-18C landing with arrestor wires]]]

To allow aircraft to land in a much smaller space, a number of wires (typically 4 or 5) are strung across the landing deck. The aircraft catches one of these '''arresting wires''' with the use of the hook built into the airframe, after which the aircraft slows down rapidly (though quite harshly). Obviously aircraft such as helicopters and STOL/STOVL (such as the Harrier or F-35) do not need these arresting wires, as they can simply land (semi) vertically.

Because of the limited length of the landing area and the harsh landing, the aircraft used for landing on a carrier (carrier aircraft) also have very robust landing gear to withstand the high rate of descend. In a way, landing on an aircraft carrier is more controlled crashing than actual landing.

To allow aircraft carriers to launch and recover aircraft at the same time, the landing deck often has an offset: this means the landing deck is at an angle compared to the rest of the ship (typically at 9 degrees). Typically you will visually adjust for this offset (respective of the carrier course) in your landing procedure, but during nighttime or bad visibility you will be given a different heading to adjust for this offset automatically.

----

==== IFLOLS ====

[[File:IFLOLS diagram.png|thumb|right|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_landing_system#Improved_fresnel_lens_optical_landing_system_(IFLOLS)| IFLOLS]]]

The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_landing_system#Improved_fresnel_lens_optical_landing_system_(IFLOLS)| IFLOLS (Improved Fresnel Optical Landing System)] is a system used on carriers to guide aircraft into the correct landing approach ('line-up'). Aside from extreme weather conditions or nighttime (both leading to limited visibility) landings, you will use this system to correctly line yourself up so that you may make a successful landing first time round.

The LSO (Landing Signal Officer) are in charge of operating these lights and will guide you on landing the aircraft, as well as grading the landing attempt afterwards. Please see the appropriate chapter for further information on LSO Grading: you can use the foldout button below to show the IFLOLS names for the lights.

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="3" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | | IFLOLS: Carrier Landing Lights |
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | #
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Name
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Function
|-
| 1
| Ladder /
Meatball
| On this vertical bar with yellow/red lights, the orange ball ('meatball') will move up and down
according to aircraft position. If the ball is too low, your aircraft is too low. If the ball is too high, your
aircraft is too high. The goal is to line it up with the datum lights (2) for optimal landing: should the orange
ball fall into red lights you are dangerously low and you will need to wave off (stop) the landing attempt.
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Datum lights
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | These green horizontal bar of lights indicates your ideal line up: the goal is to have the orange ball ('meatball')
line up with the datum lights for ideal vertical landing position.
|-
| 3
| Cut lights
| On early approach the cut lights illuminate 2 ~ 3 seconds to indicate 'proceed with landing'. Any subsequent
illumination means 'add power', according to length of illumination of lights
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 4
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Wave off lights
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Should the landing fall outside safe parameters (for example you are way too low), the LSO will call 'Wave Off!'
and these lights will illuminate: you need to terminate the landing attempt and go around (climb away).
|-
| 5
| Emergency wave off lights
| Identical in function to normal Wave Off Lights (4): for really dense pilots.
|}

----

==== ACLS / ICLS ====

----

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=== Carrier Deck Layout ===

Let's first familiarize ourselves with the overall carrier deck layout (topology). Unlike an airfield, where there is space aplenty, the carrier is quite cramped and often busy with other aircraft, so knowing where you are going (and not hindering others) is vital.

[[File:ACTUAL_CARRIER_TOPOLOGY.png|right|800px]]

All (modern) aircraft carriers more or less have the same layout: the figure here shows the diagram of the USS Nimitz class carriers, but we could still apply the location names to all other carriers (including carriers such as the Russian Admiral Kuznetsov).

Objects such as parked aircraft or munition carts can be placed on the aircraft deck (by the mission developer): even if they are not moving ('static') they can till be collideable. So ensure your path and catapult '''are clear before moving''', before finding out on take-off that there is an aircraft parked on the catapult.

The most critical locations on an aircraft carrier are the '''catapults''' or ramp (marked in green and numbered), and the '''landing deck''' (between the red stripes, with yellow centerline). These are for respectively launching aircraft (taking off) and recovering aircraft (landing), so like a runway, '''do not block them'''. Typical recovery or departure intervals are approximately 20 to 30 seconds, so try to cross them quick if you have to and be wary of other aircraft.

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="6" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | | Carrier Topology List |
|-
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | #
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Name
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Location
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Colour
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Function
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Notes
|-
| 1
| Landing Deck
| Slanted along deck
| Between red lines,
with yellow centerline
| Landing aircraft
| Keep clear at all times
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Catapults
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Bow (front)
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | In green,
JBD in light blue
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Launching aircraft
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Be mindful about
parked aircraft
obstructing catapults
|-
| 3
| Island
| Starboard,
midways ship
| In purple
| Ship control,
aircraft control tower
| Waive to your Airboss
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 4
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Elevators
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Edge of ship
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | In blue
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Transporting aircraft
to hangar / deck
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| 5
| Crotch
| Bow (front)
| Black
| Do NOT use for landing lineup
|
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 6
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Box
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Between catapults
#1 and #2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Black
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Shooter /
catapult control
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Little hut where the
catapult controller sits
|-
| 7
| Point
| Starboard bow
|
| QRA: Quick Reaction Alert
| Parking aircraft for quick
reaction air support
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 8
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Corral
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Between elevators
#1 and #2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Parking
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| 9
| Street
| Midship / Center
|
| Access to elevators, corral, sixpack
|
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 10
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Sixpack
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Midship / Center
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Parking
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| 11
| Junkyard
| Between island and
elevator #3
|
| Parking of AWACS, Tanker,
Transport aircraft
|
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 12
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Patio
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Starboard stern
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Parking
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| 13
| LSO
| Port stern
|
| Landing Officer
| Bunch of guys grading
your landing
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 14
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Finger
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Port stern
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Parking
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|}

Knowing these areas by name is certainly not required, but know to keep the landing deck clear!

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----

== Carrier Cases ==

During carrier operations we use 1 of 3 possible cases, with cases each having different approaches and procedures: this is to adjust to the weather and visibility conditions. The carrier will normally dictate which case is currently in use, but mainly it is dependant on the minimum visibility ('horizontal sightlines') and ceiling ('vertical visibility') according to the table below:

{| class="wikitable"
! style="background-color:#f8a102; color:#000000;" | Case
! style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Conditions
! style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Ceiling
! style="background-color:#f8a102; color:#000000;" | Visibility
|-
| 1
| No instrument conditions during daytime departures/recoveries
| > 3000 ft (910 m)
| > 5 nm (9.3 km)
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | (Light) Instrument conditions during daytime departures/recoveries
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | > 1000 ft (300 m)
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | > 5 nm (9.3 km)
|-
| 3
| Severe instrument conditions during daytime '''and nighttime''' recoveries
| < 1000 ft (300 m)
| < 5 nm (9.3 km)
|}

Please note that recovering during night time automatically defers you to a case 3 landing, regardless of actual weather and visibility conditions.

=== Altitudes, ranges and distances ===

The Air Traffic Controller in charge of the flight procedures around the carrier is called the 'Marshall', and he gets to boss you around for not flying perfectly perpendicular to his nice pattern / approach. He will tell you what case the carrier is currently operating in, gives you permission to transition to a given holding stack (altitude) or move closer to the carrier (zone).

Most notably the Marshall should tell you the '''BRC''', or '''Base Recovery Course'''. This the current course that the carrier is moving in, and should be the course that you adhere to for landing your aircraft on the carrier deck: please note that the actual carrier landing deck is offset by 9 degrees from the BRC. During Case 3 conditions you will instead be told the '''FB''', or '''Final Bearing''' which is the BRC adjusted with the 9 degree offset (FB = BRC - 9).

Below are the altitude blocks and zone distances associated with carrier operations:

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="7" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Carrier Altitudes and Zoning
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#f8a102;" | Altitude
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Zone
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#f8a102;" | Distance
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Altitude
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Zone
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 6000+ ft
| Case 3 Marshall (traffic) stack
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right;" | 50 nm DME
| Inf.
| CCA, Carrier Controlled Area
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 3000+ ft
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Case 1 holding pattern / stack
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 10 nm DME
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Inf.
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Marshall Controlled Area
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 1200 ft
| Case 3 approach and missed approach
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right;" | 5 nm DME
| 2500 ft
| CCZ, Carrier Controlled Zone
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 800 ft
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Case 1 initial overhead break
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 600 ft
| Case 1 downwind and missed approach
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right;" |
|
|
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 500 ft
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Case 1 departure in CCZ
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 300 ft
| Helicopter operations in CCZ
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right;" |
|
|
|}

Distances given in '''DME''' (Distance Measuring Equipment) are thus identical to distance from the carrier: this distance can be obtained by using the TACAN signal of the carrier or similar equipment (ICLS).

----

== Carrier TakeOff ==

----

== Carrier Landing ==

For this chapter we have outline the various carrier cases landing procedures and approaches: for ease of use these are split into the traffic pattern and landing pattern. The '''traffic pattern''' is used for approaching to the carrier and holding the in the traffic pattern / stack until you it is your time to land on the carrier (which usually involves waiting for other pilots to land first). The '''landing pattern''' goes about explaining the actual steps for the landing approach. Thanks to Kola360 we have also been able to provide you with the relevant communications guide for these cases.

We would like to give a massive 'Thank you' to '''Jabbers''', '''Kola360''' and '''Redkite''' for their contributions to making these chapters.

----
=== Case 1 Landing ===

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Case_1_stack_pattern.png|none|alt=Alt text|Case 1 Traffic Pattern
File:Case 1 landing pattern.png|none|alt=Alt text|Case 1 Landing Pattern
File:IFLOLS diagram.png|none|alt=Alt text|IFLOLS
</gallery>

The Case 1 landing in good visibility conditions is (and probably should be) the first type of landing you learn for carrier recovery. It follows these 3 stages:
; 1. Enter traffic pattern
: For case 1 you will contact the relevant air controllers (see communications list), which will grant your permission to enter the airspace and direct you to a holding pattern / altitude (a circle of approx. 5 nm at 1000 feet intervals, starting at 2000 feet).
; 2. Fly landing pattern
: When you are cleared by the Marshall for landing, you will use the landing pattern to get to the carrier (on final, or 'in the groove')
; 3. Line up with IFLOLS
: The final stage of Case 1 is the line-up with the IFLOLS on final approach, or 'in the groove'



Instructions for Case 1 communications and approach pattern are in the table below. For this communications example our pilot has (side) number '118' and we have a number of radio frequencies (called 'buttons'): the pilot/side number and radio frequencies will most likely be different in your scenario.

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="5" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Case 1 Communication / Landing Pattern
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | #
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Location
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Pilot action
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Messages
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Frequency
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 1
| 17000 ft, 75+ DME
Outside of CCA (~ 50 nm)
| style="text-align: center;" | Ask permission from Red Crown to enter.
| Pilot: [Red Crown, 118, Mother's 250 for 75, Angels 17] <br />
<br />
Red Crown: [118, Sweet/Sweet, contact Strike on Button 3]
| style="text-align: center;" | Button 4,
256.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 12000 ft, 55 DME
Inside CCA
Outside Marshall Area (10 nm)
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Ask permission from Strike to enter.
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot: [Strike, 118, flight of 2, Mother's 250 for 55, Angels 12]<br />
Pilot: [State 5.4, no Alibis]<br />
<br />
Strike: [118, Sweet/Sweet, Mother is VFR, Case 1]<br />
Strike: [Contact Marshall on Button 2]<br />
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Button 3,
265.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 3
| 9000 ft, 52 DME
| style="text-align: center;" | Pilot makes call outside 10 nm (but inside CCA).
Contact Marshall to enter CCA.
| Pilot: [Marshall, 118, 2050 for 52, Angels 9, State 5.3]<br /><br />
Marshall: [118, Case 1, BRC is 010, hold at 2000, Charlie Time 22]<br />
Marshall: [Altimeter 29.92. Report see me.]<br />
<br />
Pilot: [118, Wilco]
| style="text-align: center;" | Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 4
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 5000 ft, 10 DME
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot has visual on carrier. Cleared to enter stack
(2000 ft, stack 1). Monitor button 1 for other traffic.
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot: [118, See you at 10]<br />
<br />
Marshall: [118, Switch Tower on Button 1]
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 5
| 2000 ft, In the Stack
| style="text-align: center;" | Pilot has obtained Charlie Time from Marshall and
must be 'At Ramp' at given time (2200 hours).
| style="text-align: center;" | Zip Lip, unless [safety concerns].
Monitor Button 1 for traffic
| style="text-align: center;" | Button 1,
301.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 6
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2000 ft, In the Stack
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot matches speed so he is 'At Ramp'
on Charlie Time
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | IMC ONLY
Pilot: [118, Commencing]<br />
Pilot: [118, at Initial]
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Button 1,
301.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 7
| 800 ft
| style="text-align: center;" | Case 1 Recovery
| LSO: [3/4 mile, Call the Ball]<br />
<br />
Pilot: [118, tomcat/hornet, call/clara, state, auto*]<br />
<br />
LSO: [Roger Ball]
| style="text-align: center;" | Button 1,
301.000 AM
|-
| colspan="5" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Additional case 1 communication
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 8
| 2000 ft, In the Stack
| Air Boss adds Delta Time to given Charlie Time:
'At Ramp' time becomes Charlie Time + Delta Time
| Air Boss: [118, Delta 6]
| Button 1,
301.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 9
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2000 ft, Commencing
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot has to go into spin pattern before
heading for the initial break
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Air Boss: [118, Spin It] <br />
<br />
Pilot: [118, Spinning]
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Button 1,
301.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 10
| 600 ft, Abeam carrier
| Pilot has extend downwind too far and must
return to initial (800 ft starboard of carrier),
to redo the case 1 pattern
| Air Boss: [118, too long in the groove,
(an airbus cut you off), wave off and return to pattern]
| Button 1,
301.000 AM
|}

Once you have successfully reached step 7 in the communications example above you should now go into the Case 1 Landing Pattern, as follows in the table below:

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="3" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Case 1 Landing Pattern
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | #
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | F-14
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | F-18
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | A
| style="text-align: center;" | 800 ft entry, approx. 300 - 350 kts,hook down, wing sweep 68
| style="text-align: center;" | 800 ft entry, approx. 300 - 350 kts,hook down
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | B
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Speedbrake[1], radar altimeter to 370 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | C
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | Level break at 1.5 ~ 2.0 nm DME; 15 to 17 seconds between breaks,level turn at 800 ft.
Turn should be at 45 ~ 50 degrees of bank or at 10% in G of airspeed (i.e. 330 kts -> 3.3 G).
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | D
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Halfway into turn, set gear down at < 280 ktsand flaps/slats at < 225 kts
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Halfway into turn, setgear/flaps/slats at < 250 kts
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | E
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | Descend to 600 ft, auto throttle[1]
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | F
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | On-speed AOA at 15 units, set DLC
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | On-speed AOA at 8 units
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | G
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | 600 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | H
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Prepare to turn once abeam of LSO station, at 1 ~ 1.3 nm abeam DME
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | I
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | Commence turn once 'round down' visible, turn at ~ 30 degrees bank
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | J
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Maintain AOA, halfway into turn at 500 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | K
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | Enter groove at ~ 350 ft (altimeter!), at 3/4 miles, on-speed and call the ball:side number, tomcat/hornet, ball/clara[2], fuelstate[3], (auto[4])
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#6665cd;" | W
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color:#6665cd;" | Upon (or prior to) waveoff set full power: return to BRC paralleland intercept pattern at LSO / marshall discretion
|-
| colspan="3" style="background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right;" | Speedbrake / ATC [1]
| As desired
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right; background-color:#f8ff00;" | Clara [2]
| style="background-color:#f8ff00;" | Ball is obscured, LSO will give instructions
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right;" | Fuelstate [3]
| Remaining fuel in thousands of pounds:5100 pounds -> 5.1
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right; background-color:#f8ff00;" | Auto [4]
| style="background-color:#f8ff00;" | Auto throttle is engaged
|}

Once you are on final approach / in the groove (K), you should now switch to the use of the IFLOLS system. This last phase should last around 15 - 17 seconds: any shorter and you may not be able to line up correctly, any longer and the LSO / Marshall will wave you off for being in the pattern for too long.

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="3" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | IFLOLS
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | #
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Name
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Function
|-
| 1
| Ladder /
Meatball
| On this vertical bar with yellow/red lights, the orange ball ('meatball') will move up and down
according to aircraft position. If the ball is too low, your aircraft is too low. If the ball is too high, your
aircraft is too high. The goal is to line it up with the datum lights (2) for optimal landing: should the orange
ball fall into red lights you are dangerously low and you will need to wave off (stop) the landing attempt.
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Datum lights
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | These green horizontal bar of lights indicates your ideal line up: the goal is to have the orange ball ('meatball')
line up with the datum lights for ideal vertical landing position.
|-
| 3
| Cut lights
| On early approach the cut lights illuminate 2 ~ 3 seconds to indicate 'proceed with landing'. Any subsequent
illumination means 'add power', according to length of illumination of lights
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 4
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Wave off lights
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Should the landing fall outside safe parameters (for example you are way too low), the LSO will call 'Wave Off!'
and these lights will illuminate: you need to terminate the landing attempt and go around (climb away).
|-
| 5
| Emergency wave off lights
| Identical in function to normal Wave Off Lights (4): for really dense pilots.
|}

The IFLOLS landing phase will typically be accompanied by call-outs from the LSO, which can be found in the next chapter.
----
=== LSO (Landing Signal Officer) ===

In here you will find the various relevant callouts the Landing Signal Officer (LSO) can make during landing. Please refer to the relevant Case 1, 2, 3 landings to find specifics as to the callouts in those situations: for example during Case 1 communications are kept to a minimum (unless there are safety concerns).

==== Carrier Landing LSO Callouts ====

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="3" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | LSO Callouts
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Callout
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | By
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
|-
| Paddles Contact
| LSO
| You are abeam LSO platform, begin final turn
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 3/4 mile call the ball
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Can you see the meatball?
|-
| style="color:#3166ff;" | 118 Tomcat Ball 5.6
| style="color:#3166ff;" | Pilot
| style="color:#3166ff;" | Modex / Aircraft Type / Meatball / Fuelstate / Auto* [1]
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Go Manual
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Disengage Autothrottles (ATC)
|-
| Roger Ball
| LSO
| Aircraft is cleared to continue
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | You are high
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Aircraft is above glideslope
|-
| Power
| LSO
| Add power, aircraft below glideslope
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Right for lineup
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Come right to centerline
|-
| Come left
| LSO
| Come left to centerline
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Easy with it
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Control corrections are excessive
|-
| In Close
| LSO
| Aircraft at ramp
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | You are fast/slow
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Adjust aircraft AOA, it is incorrect
|-
| style="color:#fe0000;" | Burner!
| style="color:#fe0000;" | LSO
| style="color:#fe0000;" | Select afterburner!
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40; color:#fe0000;" | Wave-Off!
| style="background-color:#accf40; color:#fe0000;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40; color:#fe0000;" | Execute Wave-Off!
|-
| Bolter
| LSO
| You missed all the arrestor wires
|}

As to the pilot 3/4 mile ball call, it used the following format:
Modex / Aircraft Type / Meatball / Fuelstate / Auto* [1]
; Modex
: Side number of aircraft
; Aircraft type
: Tomcat, Hornet, Harrier
; Meatball (IFLOLS)
: If you can visually acquire (see) the meatball, say 'ball'.
: If you cannot see the meatball, say 'clara' and the LSO will talk you in during your landing
; Fuelstate
: The fuel remaining in thoudands of pounds: 5100 pounds -> 5.1, 3500 pounds -> 3.5
; Auto
: Only say this if you are using autothrottles

So for a Hornet with 3400 pounds of fuel, with sidenumber 102, using autothrottles, of which the pilot can see the meatball, the ball call would be:
102 Hornet Ball 3.4 auto
And equally for a Tomacat with 4100 pounds of fuel, side number 118, of which the pilot cannot see the meatball:
118 Tomcat Clara 4.1

==== LSO Grading ====

After you have made a landing attempt you can expect an evaluation and grade for your landing: these are written in the LSO shorthand. On-board a carrier these are typically posted on a board, with on-going scoring: aside from bragging rights, scoring is kept to visualise performance and re-educate pilots doing poorly.

[[File:Carrier glideslope.png|500px|thumb|right|caption|Glide slope naming <br />
X - At the Start <br />
IM - In the Middle <br />
IC - In Close <br />
AR - At Ramp <br />
IW - In the Wires <br />
AW - All the Way <br />
]]

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="4" style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Overall Grade
|-
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Grade
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Score
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Rating
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Score
|-
| _OK_
| OK Underline
| Perfect pass: rarely awarded
| 5
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | OK
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | OK Pass
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pass with very minor deviations
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 4
|-
| (OK)
| Fair Pass
| Pass with one or more safe deviations
| 3
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | B
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Bolter
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Safe pass where aircraft fails to hook a wire
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2.5
|-
| --
| No Grade
| Pass with gross (still safe) deviations:
failure to listen to LSO, inappropriate actions
| 2
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | TWO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Technique Waveoff
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pass with unsafe deviations: needed to be aborted
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 1
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | C
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Cut Pass
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Unsafe pass with unacceptable deviations
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 0
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | WO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Foul Deck Waveoff
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Aborted pass after landing deck fouled (blocked):
no points and not counted towards average
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | ---
|}

Aside from the overall grading board, there will also be a board or score sheet which has the development of each landing noted in the symbology. We can split this apart in the general symbology and the overall symbology, as per the [http://www.navyair.com/LSO_NATOPS_Manual.pdf LSO Natops Manual]. The table below list the most frequently used entries:

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="5" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | LSO General Symbology
|-
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Symbology
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Symbology
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | WO
| Waveoff
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | ()
| A little
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | WOP
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Waveoff Pattern
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | _Comment_
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | A lot
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | OWO
| Own Waveoff
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | []
| Ignored signal LSO
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | TWO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Technique Waveoff
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | O
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Signal acknowledged
too slowly
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | TLU
| Test Lineup
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | OC
| Over Corrected
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | _OK_
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Perfect Pass
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | •
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Indicates 'on'
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | OK
| Reasonable Pass
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | -
| Indicates 'to'
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | (OK)
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Fair Pass
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | PATT
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pattern
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | ---
| No Grade
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | M1
| Mode 1 ACLS
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | C
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Cut
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | (A)
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Auto
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | B
| Bolter
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | BC
| Missed / incorrect
Ball Call
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | NC
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | No Count
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | AFU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | All 'Fouled' Up
|}

Below are the additional (remaining) entries from the LSO Jargon table: these are not frequently used, unlike the ones in the general table.

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="11" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | LSO Grading Jargon
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | SYM
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | SYM
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | SYM
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | SYM
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | AA
| Angling Approach
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | HO
| Hold Off
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | OR
| Overrotate
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | TMP
| Too Much Power
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | ACC
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Accelerate
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LIG
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Long In Groove
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | OS
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Overshoot
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | TMRD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Too Much Rate of Descent
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | AFU
| All 'Fouled' Up
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | LL
| Landed Left
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | OSCB
| Overshoot Coming Back
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | TMRR
| Too Much Right Rudder
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | B
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Flat glideslope
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LLU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Late LineUp
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | P
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Power
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | TTL
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Turned Too Late
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | C
| Climbing
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | LO
| Low
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | PD
| Pitching Deck
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | TTS
| Turned Too Soon
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | CB
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Coming Back to lineup
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LR
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Landed Right
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | PNU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pulled Nose Up
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | TWA
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Too Wide Abeam
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | CD
| Coming Down
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | LTR
| Left To Right
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | ROT
| Rotate
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | W
| Wings
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | CH
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Chased
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LineUp
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | RUD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Rudder
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | WU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Wrapped Up
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | CO
| Come-On
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | LUL
| Lined Up Left
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | RUF
| Rough
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | XCTL
| Cross Control
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | CU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Cocked Up
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LUR
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Lined Up Right
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | RWD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Right Wing Down (DWR)
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | /
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Fly through glideslope (going up)
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | DD
| Deck Down
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | LWD
| Left Wing Down (DWL)
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | RR
| Right Rudder
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | \
| Fly through glideslope (going down)
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | DEC
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Decelerate
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | N
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Nose
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | RTL
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Right To Left
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LLWD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Landed Left Wing Down
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | DL
| Drifted Left
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | NC
| Nice Correction
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | S
| Settle
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | LRWD
| Landed Right Wing Down
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | DN
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Dropped Nose
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | ND
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Nose Down
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | SD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Spotted Deck
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LNF
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Landed Nose First
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | DR
| Drifted Right
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | NEA
| Not Enough Attitude
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | SHT
| Ship's Turn
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | ^
| Over the Top
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | DU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Deck up
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | NEP
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Not Enough Power
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | SKD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Skid
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | EG
| Eased Gun
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | NERD
| Not Enough Rate of Descent
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | SLO
| Slow
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" |
|
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | F
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Fast
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | NERR
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Not Enough Right Rudder
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | SRD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Stopped Rate of Descent
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | FD
| Fouled Deck
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | NESA
| Not Enough Straight Away
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | ST
| Steep Turn
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" |
|
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | GLI
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Gliding Approach
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | NH
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | No Hook
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | TCA
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Too Close Abeam
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | H
| High
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | NSU
| Not Set Up
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | TMA
| Too Much Attitude
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" |
|
|}

----
=== Case 2 Landing ===

Case 2 recoveries (landings) are in practice a weird (Frankenstein) mix of both Case 1 and Case 3 landings, so we advise you familiarise yourself with these cases first and then come back to the Case 2 recoveries.

In essence the Case 2 recoveries are flown by entering the Case 3 Stack pattern and pushing to the boat (aircraft carrier) as normal, but once you get within visual range of the carrier you instead transition to the Case 1 Landing Pattern.

----

=== Case 3 Landing ===

<gallery widths=400px heights=400px>
File:Case 3 landing pattern.png|Case 3 Landing Pattern
File:IFLOLS diagram.png|thumb|right|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_landing_system#Improved_fresnel_lens_optical_landing_system_(IFLOLS)| IFLOLS]
</gallery>

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="5" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Case 3 Communication
|-
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | #
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Location
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Pilot Action
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Messages
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Frequency
|-
| 1
| 17000 ft, 75+ DME
Outside of CCA (~50 nm)
| Ask permission from Red Crown to enter.
| Pilot: [Red Crown, 118, Mother's 250 for 75, Angels 17] <br />

Red Crown: [118, Sweet/Sweet, contact Strike on Button 3]
| Button 4,
256.000 AM
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 16000 ft, 55 DME
Inside CCA (~ 50 nm), outside
Marshall Area (10 nm)
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Ask permission from Strike to enter.
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot: [Strike, 118, flight of 1, Mother's 250 for 55, Angels 12] <br />
Pilot: [State 5.4, no Alibis] <br />

Strike: [118, Sweet/Sweet, Mother is IMC, Case 3] <br />
Strike: [Contact Marshall on Button 2] <br />
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Button 3,
265.000 AM
|-
| 3
| 14000 ft, 52 DME
| Ask for assigned stack from Marshall:
Stack is given on radial 082, 22 nm <br />
behind the carrier and at 7000 ft.

Marshall also gives other key <br /> information (write it down!)
| Pilot: [Marshall, 118, 250 for 52, Angels 14, State 5.3]

Marshall: [118, Mother's weather is 600 overcast, visibility 3 miles, altimeter 29.87] <br />
Marshall: [Case 3 recovery, Marshall on the 082, 22, angels 7.] <br />

Marshall: [Expected Final Bearing 262, <br /> Expected approach time 22, Approach button 18] <br />

Pilot: [118, Altimeter 29.87, Marshall on the 082, 22, angels 7. Expected approach
time 22.]
| Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 4
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 7000 ft, in holding pattern
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot has established holding pattern <br /> at 7000 ft: gives fuel state for Marshall to keep track off
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot: [118, established angels 7. State 5.1]
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| 5
| All flights
| Marshall constantly updates all flights with <br /> new info: bearing, visibility, altimeter QFH
| Marshall: [118, altimeter 29.88. New final bearing is 265]
| Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 6
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 7000 ft, leaving holding pattern
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot notifies Marshall the descent <br />
from holding pattern has begun, <br />
states altimeter setting +
fuel state
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot: [118, Commencing, 29.88, state 4.8]
Marshall: [118, roger]
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| 7
| 5000 ft (platform),
descending
| Pilot notifies Marshall he is passing
5000 ft (platform)
| Pilot: [118, platform]
| Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 8
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 1200 - 5000 ft, descend
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Marshall hands pilot off to approach
(can happen before reaching platform!)
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot: [118, checking in, state 4.6]
Marshall: [118, switch button 18]
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| 9
| 1200 - 5000 ft, descending
| Pilot checks in with approach: pilot may <br />
be asked to dirty up earlier / later to <br />
match correct landing intervals
| Pilot: [118, checking in, state 4.5]
Marshall: [118, final bearing 262]
| Button 18,
251.000 AM
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 10
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 1200 ft,
around 4 -8 nm DME
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | When ACLS is acquired, <br />
approach asks what ACLS ('needles') is showing. <br />

If unsatisfactory, new lock will be tried: <br />
if no lock approach will tell pilot to
fly ICLS ('bullseye')
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Approach: [118, say needles] <br />
Pilot: [405, fly up, on] <br />
Approach: [118, fly your needles] <br />

OR

Approach: [118, fly bullseye]
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Button 18,
251.000 AM
|-
| 11
| 800 ft,
3/4 mile
| LSO chimes in
| LSO: [3/4 mile, Call The Ball] <br />
Pilot: [118, tomcat/hornet, ball/clara, state, auto*] <br />
LSO: [Roger Ball]
| Button 18, 251.000 AM
|}

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="3" style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Case 3 Landing Pattern
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Pattern
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Step
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | A
| colspan="2" | Marshall stack: starting at 6000 ft, with increments of 1000 ftfor each flight / package
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | B
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#accf40;" | Platform, passing 5000 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | C
| colspan="2" | 10 miles DME, 600 ft, commence landing descent
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | D
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#accf40;" | 6 miles DME, maintain 1200 ft ACLS (Automated Carrier Landing System)[1]
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | E
| colspan="2" | 1.5 miles DME, 600 ft, commence landing descent
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | F
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#accf40;" | 1 mile DME, 400 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | G
| colspan="2" | 3/4 mile DME, call the ballside number, tomcat/hornet, ball/clara[2], fuelstate[3], (auto[4])
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | H
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#accf40;" | 1/2 mile DME, 200 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | I
| colspan="2" | Wave off on Final Heading, climb to 1200 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | J
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#accf40;" | Turn to downwind heading, using 10% speed G-turn
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | K
| colspan="2" | Maintain 1200 ft and on speed AOA, flaps/slats/gear/hook down
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | L
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#accf40;" | Turn into Final Heading via 18 ~ 22 degree bank turn
|-
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right;" | Speedbrake / ACLS [1]
| As desired
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right; background-color:#f8ff00;" | Clara [2]
| style="background-color:#f8ff00;" | Ball is obscured, LSO will give instructions
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right;" | Fuelstate [3]
| Remaining fuel in thousands of pounds:5100 pounds -> 5.1
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right; background-color:#f8ff00;" | Auto [4]
| style="background-color:#f8ff00;" | Auto throttle is engaged
|}

----

== References ==

[https://www.cnatra.navy.mil/local/docs/pat-pubs/P-816.pdf US Navy Carrier Case 1/2/3 PDF File]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2yEt9QC5ltg&feature=youtu.be Aircraft Carrier Communications, two hours worth of carrier radio chatter]

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Carrier Air Operations

2019-01-23T21:14:17Z

Nanne118: /* Case 2 Landing */

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[[File:AircraftCarrierNight.jpeg|350px|thumb|right|A home away from home for many naval aviators]]

Carrier Air Operations are the various procedures and techniques that make up landing on a moving ship, called an aircraft carrier: both STOL / STOVL (such as the Harrier and F-35's) and fixed wing (F-14, F-18) can land on a carrier. Because of the relatively small size of aircraft carriers there are a number of rules and procedures that you should follow when on or around an aircraft carrier.

__TOC__

== Carrier Basics ==

Before we dive headfirst into the procedures and rules associated with carrier air operations, we will first go over the various basics that come into play when operating on a carrier. These include items such as how does a carrier work, what does a carrier look like, and what sort of key features should you pay attention to when you cannot make out left from right when operating on a busy carrier.

=== Carrier Features ===

Because of the limited length of an aircraft carrier some special equipment is used for launching (departure, taking off) and recovering (landing) aircraft. Whereas normally a runway would net you somewhere in the ballpark of 6000 - 12000 feet of usable space, having a total length of 1100 feet is already quite spacious for an aircraft carrier. There are various types of key equipment used on a carrier:

; 1. Arresting gear
: Used to slow down / landing aircraft (recoveries)
; 2. Catapults
: Used to speed up / launch aircraft
; 3. Launch ramp
: Used to launch aircraft
; 4. IFLOLS
: Used to guide aircraft into landing (recoveries)

----

==== Ski ramps (STOBAR) ====

[[File:SU-33_Carrier_Takeoff.gif|thumb|right|[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uox9S6UccEE| Su-33 taking on from ski carrier ramp]]]

Most modern aircraft tend to be quite heavy (due to radar / sensor electronics, as well as heavy jet engines) and as such they cannot simply run off the edge of the ship at full speed to get into the air (though this was common practice for the lighter World War 2 aircraft). Instead, you could use a ramp and a high power aircraft (with very little weight).

[[File:Su33ramp.jpg|thumb|right|200px||Ski ramp on a Russian carrier]]

The procedure of using a ramp to launch aircraft is called [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STOBAR| '''STOBAR''' ( Short Take-Off But Arrested Recovery ) ] and is a simple (cost effective) manner of launching aircraft from a carrier. For this you only need a ramp (angled bit of deck) and you will need a high power to weight ratio (i.e. lot of power, little weight) on your aircraft to launch aircraft off of the carrier.

Launching via STOBAR is done by lining the aircraft up to go off the ramp, go full thrust and launch by running off of it. Removable wheel chocks are used to hold the aircraft in place whilst you run up to full power (in the designated spots): the JBD (Jet Blast Deflector, a big piece of metal behind the plane that can be raised) is used to prevent the exhaust from the airplane preparing to take-off from blowing away other aircraft lined up behind it.

Jets take a few seconds to spool up to full power (i.e. no full thrust from the get go), so the use of these chocks is pretty vital. On some (Russian) aircraft a thrust override (carrier takeoff) switch can be set to provide even more engine power, to be used when an aircraft is heavily loaded or in bad weather conditions.

The drawbacks of using STOBAR is that you get to bring less overall weight, so less weapons and fuel to maintain the amount of power versus weight (also called the thrust vs. weight) ratio to be able to safely launch (although you will typically top up on fuel after launching from any carrier). Also, because the ramp takes up valuable space on the carrier (you can't park aircraft on the ramp), you can typically bring less planes aboard and you will not be able to launch as many planes from a STOBAR carrier (as they all have to use the same ramp to launch).

----

==== Catapults (CATOBAR) ====

[[File:F18_Carrier_Takeoff.gif|thumb|right|[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZzVW9315ur0| F-18C taking off using the catapult]]]

Rather than implement the CATOBAR ramp system, the United States (whom pioneered the system) and most NATO countries instead use the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CATOBAR| '''CATOBAR''' (Catapult Assisted Take-Off But Arrested Recovery ] system. The aircraft catapult is a launcher to which an aircraft is hooked up, which is then launched using external power from the carrier (either steam or electromagnetic power).

Up to the Cold War most aircraft used a length of reinforced rope (called a bridle) to attach to the catapult shuttle, but in all aircraft after the Cold War the shuttle instead connects to the nose gear of the aircraft via the launch bar. The pilot can selectively lower the launch bar with a switch in the cockpit to hook up to the catapult (shuttle). This shuttle also holds back the aircraft, so that the engines can be run up to full (afterburning) mode before launching. The catapult is then set to the appropriate amount of power and the aircraft can be subsequently launched.

Although more expensive (maintenance costs) to operate than the comparative ramp system, the catapult system allows you more flexibility in operating it: you can increase the amount of power on the catapult for heavier aircraft (more fuel/ordinance), as well as being able to hookup and launch multiple aircraft in quick succession by using multiple catapults.

----

==== Arresting gear ====

[[File:F18_Carrier_Landing.gif|thumb|right|[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I3fm4HwVdE8| F-18C landing with arrestor wires]]]

To allow aircraft to land in a much smaller space, a number of wires (typically 4 or 5) are strung across the landing deck. The aircraft catches one of these '''arresting wires''' with the use of the hook built into the airframe, after which the aircraft slows down rapidly (though quite harshly). Obviously aircraft such as helicopters and STOL/STOVL (such as the Harrier or F-35) do not need these arresting wires, as they can simply land (semi) vertically.

Because of the limited length of the landing area and the harsh landing, the aircraft used for landing on a carrier (carrier aircraft) also have very robust landing gear to withstand the high rate of descend. In a way, landing on an aircraft carrier is more controlled crashing than actual landing.

To allow aircraft carriers to launch and recover aircraft at the same time, the landing deck often has an offset: this means the landing deck is at an angle compared to the rest of the ship (typically at 9 degrees). Typically you will visually adjust for this offset (respective of the carrier course) in your landing procedure, but during nighttime or bad visibility you will be given a different heading to adjust for this offset automatically.

----

==== IFLOLS ====

[[File:IFLOLS diagram.png|thumb|right|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_landing_system#Improved_fresnel_lens_optical_landing_system_(IFLOLS)| IFLOLS]]]

The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_landing_system#Improved_fresnel_lens_optical_landing_system_(IFLOLS)| IFLOLS (Improved Fresnel Optical Landing System)] is a system used on carriers to guide aircraft into the correct landing approach ('line-up'). Aside from extreme weather conditions or nighttime (both leading to limited visibility) landings, you will use this system to correctly line yourself up so that you may make a successful landing first time round.

The LSO (Landing Signal Officer) are in charge of operating these lights and will guide you on landing the aircraft, as well as grading the landing attempt afterwards. Please see the appropriate chapter for further information on LSO Grading: you can use the foldout button below to show the IFLOLS names for the lights.

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="3" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | | IFLOLS: Carrier Landing Lights |
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | #
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Name
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Function
|-
| 1
| Ladder /
Meatball
| On this vertical bar with yellow/red lights, the orange ball ('meatball') will move up and down
according to aircraft position. If the ball is too low, your aircraft is too low. If the ball is too high, your
aircraft is too high. The goal is to line it up with the datum lights (2) for optimal landing: should the orange
ball fall into red lights you are dangerously low and you will need to wave off (stop) the landing attempt.
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Datum lights
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | These green horizontal bar of lights indicates your ideal line up: the goal is to have the orange ball ('meatball')
line up with the datum lights for ideal vertical landing position.
|-
| 3
| Cut lights
| On early approach the cut lights illuminate 2 ~ 3 seconds to indicate 'proceed with landing'. Any subsequent
illumination means 'add power', according to length of illumination of lights
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 4
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Wave off lights
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Should the landing fall outside safe parameters (for example you are way too low), the LSO will call 'Wave Off!'
and these lights will illuminate: you need to terminate the landing attempt and go around (climb away).
|-
| 5
| Emergency wave off lights
| Identical in function to normal Wave Off Lights (4): for really dense pilots.
|}

----

==== ACLS / ICLS ====

----

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=== Carrier Deck Layout ===

Let's first familiarize ourselves with the overall carrier deck layout (topology). Unlike an airfield, where there is space aplenty, the carrier is quite cramped and often busy with other aircraft, so knowing where you are going (and not hindering others) is vital.

[[File:ACTUAL_CARRIER_TOPOLOGY.png|right|800px]]

All (modern) aircraft carriers more or less have the same layout: the figure here shows the diagram of the USS Nimitz class carriers, but we could still apply the location names to all other carriers (including carriers such as the Russian Admiral Kuznetsov).

Objects such as parked aircraft or munition carts can be placed on the aircraft deck (by the mission developer): even if they are not moving ('static') they can till be collideable. So ensure your path and catapult '''are clear before moving''', before finding out on take-off that there is an aircraft parked on the catapult.

The most critical locations on an aircraft carrier are the '''catapults''' or ramp (marked in green and numbered), and the '''landing deck''' (between the red stripes, with yellow centerline). These are for respectively launching aircraft (taking off) and recovering aircraft (landing), so like a runway, '''do not block them'''. Typical recovery or departure intervals are approximately 20 to 30 seconds, so try to cross them quick if you have to and be wary of other aircraft.

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="6" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | | Carrier Topology List |
|-
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | #
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Name
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Location
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Colour
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Function
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Notes
|-
| 1
| Landing Deck
| Slanted along deck
| Between red lines,
with yellow centerline
| Landing aircraft
| Keep clear at all times
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Catapults
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Bow (front)
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | In green,
JBD in light blue
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Launching aircraft
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Be mindful about
parked aircraft
obstructing catapults
|-
| 3
| Island
| Starboard,
midways ship
| In purple
| Ship control,
aircraft control tower
| Waive to your Airboss
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 4
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Elevators
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Edge of ship
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | In blue
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Transporting aircraft
to hangar / deck
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| 5
| Crotch
| Bow (front)
| Black
| Do NOT use for landing lineup
|
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 6
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Box
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Between catapults
#1 and #2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Black
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Shooter /
catapult control
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Little hut where the
catapult controller sits
|-
| 7
| Point
| Starboard bow
|
| QRA: Quick Reaction Alert
| Parking aircraft for quick
reaction air support
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 8
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Corral
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Between elevators
#1 and #2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Parking
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| 9
| Street
| Midship / Center
|
| Access to elevators, corral, sixpack
|
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 10
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Sixpack
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Midship / Center
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Parking
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| 11
| Junkyard
| Between island and
elevator #3
|
| Parking of AWACS, Tanker,
Transport aircraft
|
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 12
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Patio
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Starboard stern
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Parking
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| 13
| LSO
| Port stern
|
| Landing Officer
| Bunch of guys grading
your landing
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 14
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Finger
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Port stern
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Parking
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|}

Knowing these areas by name is certainly not required, but know to keep the landing deck clear!

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----

== Carrier Cases ==

During carrier operations we use 1 of 3 possible cases, with cases each having different approaches and procedures: this is to adjust to the weather and visibility conditions. The carrier will normally dictate which case is currently in use, but mainly it is dependant on the minimum visibility ('horizontal sightlines') and ceiling ('vertical visibility') according to the table below:

{| class="wikitable"
! style="background-color:#f8a102; color:#000000;" | Case
! style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Conditions
! style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Ceiling
! style="background-color:#f8a102; color:#000000;" | Visibility
|-
| 1
| No instrument conditions during daytime departures/recoveries
| > 3000 ft (910 m)
| > 5 nm (9.3 km)
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | (Light) Instrument conditions during daytime departures/recoveries
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | > 1000 ft (300 m)
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | > 5 nm (9.3 km)
|-
| 3
| Severe instrument conditions during daytime '''and nighttime''' recoveries
| < 1000 ft (300 m)
| < 5 nm (9.3 km)
|}

Please note that recovering during night time automatically defers you to a case 3 landing, regardless of actual weather and visibility conditions.

=== Altitudes, ranges and distances ===

The Air Traffic Controller in charge of the flight procedures around the carrier is called the 'Marshall', and he gets to boss you around for not flying perfectly perpendicular to his nice pattern / approach. He will tell you what case the carrier is currently operating in, gives you permission to transition to a given holding stack (altitude) or move closer to the carrier (zone).

Most notably the Marshall should tell you the '''BRC''', or '''Base Recovery Course'''. This the current course that the carrier is moving in, and should be the course that you adhere to for landing your aircraft on the carrier deck: please note that the actual carrier landing deck is offset by 9 degrees from the BRC. During Case 3 conditions you will instead be told the '''FB''', or '''Final Bearing''' which is the BRC adjusted with the 9 degree offset (FB = BRC - 9).

Below are the altitude blocks and zone distances associated with carrier operations:

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="7" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Carrier Altitudes and Zoning
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#f8a102;" | Altitude
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Zone
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#f8a102;" | Distance
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Altitude
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Zone
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 6000+ ft
| Case 3 Marshall (traffic) stack
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right;" | 50 nm DME
| Inf.
| CCA, Carrier Controlled Area
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 3000+ ft
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Case 1 holding pattern / stack
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 10 nm DME
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Inf.
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Marshall Controlled Area
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 1200 ft
| Case 3 approach and missed approach
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right;" | 5 nm DME
| 2500 ft
| CCZ, Carrier Controlled Zone
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 800 ft
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Case 1 initial overhead break
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 600 ft
| Case 1 downwind and missed approach
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right;" |
|
|
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 500 ft
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Case 1 departure in CCZ
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 300 ft
| Helicopter operations in CCZ
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right;" |
|
|
|}

Distances given in '''DME''' (Distance Measuring Equipment) are thus identical to distance from the carrier: this distance can be obtained by using the TACAN signal of the carrier or similar equipment (ICLS).

----

== Carrier TakeOff ==

----

== Carrier Landing ==

For this chapter we have outline the various carrier cases landing procedures and approaches: for ease of use these are split into the traffic pattern and landing pattern. The '''traffic pattern''' is used for approaching to the carrier and holding the in the traffic pattern / stack until you it is your time to land on the carrier (which usually involves waiting for other pilots to land first). The '''landing pattern''' goes about explaining the actual steps for the landing approach. Thanks to Kola360 we have also been able to provide you with the relevant communications guide for these cases.

We would like to give a massive 'Thank you' to '''Jabbers''', '''Kola360''' and '''Redkite''' for their contributions to making these chapters.

----
=== Case 1 Landing ===

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Case_1_stack_pattern.png|none|alt=Alt text|Case 1 Traffic Pattern
File:Case 1 landing pattern.png|none|alt=Alt text|Case 1 Landing Pattern
File:IFLOLS diagram.png|none|alt=Alt text|IFLOLS
</gallery>

The Case 1 landing in good visibility conditions is (and probably should be) the first type of landing you learn for carrier recovery. It follows these 3 stages:
; 1. Enter traffic pattern
: For case 1 you will contact the relevant air controllers (see communications list), which will grant your permission to enter the airspace and direct you to a holding pattern / altitude (a circle of approx. 5 nm at 1000 feet intervals, starting at 2000 feet).
; 2. Fly landing pattern
: When you are cleared by the Marshall for landing, you will use the landing pattern to get to the carrier (on final, or 'in the groove')
; 3. Line up with IFLOLS
: The final stage of Case 1 is the line-up with the IFLOLS on final approach, or 'in the groove'



Instructions for Case 1 communications and approach pattern are in the table below. For this communications example our pilot has (side) number '118' and we have a number of radio frequencies (called 'buttons'): the pilot/side number and radio frequencies will most likely be different in your scenario.

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="5" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Case 1 Communication / Landing Pattern
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | #
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Location
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Pilot action
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Messages
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Frequency
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 1
| 17000 ft, 75+ DME
Outside of CCA (~ 50 nm)
| style="text-align: center;" | Ask permission from Red Crown to enter.
| Pilot: [Red Crown, 118, Mother's 250 for 75, Angels 17] <br />
<br />
Red Crown: [118, Sweet/Sweet, contact Strike on Button 3]
| style="text-align: center;" | Button 4,
256.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 12000 ft, 55 DME
Inside CCA
Outside Marshall Area (10 nm)
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Ask permission from Strike to enter.
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot: [Strike, 118, flight of 2, Mother's 250 for 55, Angels 12]<br />
Pilot: [State 5.4, no Alibis]<br />
<br />
Strike: [118, Sweet/Sweet, Mother is VFR, Case 1]<br />
Strike: [Contact Marshall on Button 2]<br />
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Button 3,
265.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 3
| 9000 ft, 52 DME
| style="text-align: center;" | Pilot makes call outside 10 nm (but inside CCA).
Contact Marshall to enter CCA.
| Pilot: [Marshall, 118, 2050 for 52, Angels 9, State 5.3]<br /><br />
Marshall: [118, Case 1, BRC is 010, hold at 2000, Charlie Time 22]<br />
Marshall: [Altimeter 29.92. Report see me.]<br />
<br />
Pilot: [118, Wilco]
| style="text-align: center;" | Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 4
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 5000 ft, 10 DME
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot has visual on carrier. Cleared to enter stack
(2000 ft, stack 1). Monitor button 1 for other traffic.
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot: [118, See you at 10]<br />
<br />
Marshall: [118, Switch Tower on Button 1]
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 5
| 2000 ft, In the Stack
| style="text-align: center;" | Pilot has obtained Charlie Time from Marshall and
must be 'At Ramp' at given time (2200 hours).
| style="text-align: center;" | Zip Lip, unless [safety concerns].
Monitor Button 1 for traffic
| style="text-align: center;" | Button 1,
301.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 6
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2000 ft, In the Stack
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot matches speed so he is 'At Ramp'
on Charlie Time
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | IMC ONLY
Pilot: [118, Commencing]<br />
Pilot: [118, at Initial]
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Button 1,
301.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 7
| 800 ft
| style="text-align: center;" | Case 1 Recovery
| LSO: [3/4 mile, Call the Ball]<br />
<br />
Pilot: [118, tomcat/hornet, call/clara, state, auto*]<br />
<br />
LSO: [Roger Ball]
| style="text-align: center;" | Button 1,
301.000 AM
|-
| colspan="5" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Additional case 1 communication
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 8
| 2000 ft, In the Stack
| Air Boss adds Delta Time to given Charlie Time:
'At Ramp' time becomes Charlie Time + Delta Time
| Air Boss: [118, Delta 6]
| Button 1,
301.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 9
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2000 ft, Commencing
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot has to go into spin pattern before
heading for the initial break
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Air Boss: [118, Spin It] <br />
<br />
Pilot: [118, Spinning]
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Button 1,
301.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 10
| 600 ft, Abeam carrier
| Pilot has extend downwind too far and must
return to initial (800 ft starboard of carrier),
to redo the case 1 pattern
| Air Boss: [118, too long in the groove,
(an airbus cut you off), wave off and return to pattern]
| Button 1,
301.000 AM
|}

Once you have successfully reached step 7 in the communications example above you should now go into the Case 1 Landing Pattern, as follows in the table below:

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="3" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Case 1 Landing Pattern
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | #
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | F-14
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | F-18
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | A
| style="text-align: center;" | 800 ft entry, approx. 300 - 350 kts,hook down, wing sweep 68
| style="text-align: center;" | 800 ft entry, approx. 300 - 350 kts,hook down
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | B
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Speedbrake[1], radar altimeter to 370 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | C
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | Level break at 1.5 ~ 2.0 nm DME; 15 to 17 seconds between breaks,level turn at 800 ft.
Turn should be at 45 ~ 50 degrees of bank or at 10% in G of airspeed (i.e. 330 kts -> 3.3 G).
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | D
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Halfway into turn, set gear down at < 280 ktsand flaps/slats at < 225 kts
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Halfway into turn, setgear/flaps/slats at < 250 kts
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | E
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | Descend to 600 ft, auto throttle[1]
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | F
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | On-speed AOA at 15 units, set DLC
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | On-speed AOA at 8 units
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | G
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | 600 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | H
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Prepare to turn once abeam of LSO station, at 1 ~ 1.3 nm abeam DME
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | I
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | Commence turn once 'round down' visible, turn at ~ 30 degrees bank
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | J
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Maintain AOA, halfway into turn at 500 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | K
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | Enter groove at ~ 350 ft (altimeter!), at 3/4 miles, on-speed and call the ball:side number, tomcat/hornet, ball/clara[2], fuelstate[3], (auto[4])
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#6665cd;" | W
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color:#6665cd;" | Upon (or prior to) waveoff set full power: return to BRC paralleland intercept pattern at LSO / marshall discretion
|-
| colspan="3" style="background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right;" | Speedbrake / ATC [1]
| As desired
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right; background-color:#f8ff00;" | Clara [2]
| style="background-color:#f8ff00;" | Ball is obscured, LSO will give instructions
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right;" | Fuelstate [3]
| Remaining fuel in thousands of pounds:5100 pounds -> 5.1
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right; background-color:#f8ff00;" | Auto [4]
| style="background-color:#f8ff00;" | Auto throttle is engaged
|}

Once you are on final approach / in the groove (K), you should now switch to the use of the IFLOLS system. This last phase should last around 15 - 17 seconds: any shorter and you may not be able to line up correctly, any longer and the LSO / Marshall will wave you off for being in the pattern for too long.

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="3" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | IFLOLS
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | #
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Name
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Function
|-
| 1
| Ladder /
Meatball
| On this vertical bar with yellow/red lights, the orange ball ('meatball') will move up and down
according to aircraft position. If the ball is too low, your aircraft is too low. If the ball is too high, your
aircraft is too high. The goal is to line it up with the datum lights (2) for optimal landing: should the orange
ball fall into red lights you are dangerously low and you will need to wave off (stop) the landing attempt.
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Datum lights
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | These green horizontal bar of lights indicates your ideal line up: the goal is to have the orange ball ('meatball')
line up with the datum lights for ideal vertical landing position.
|-
| 3
| Cut lights
| On early approach the cut lights illuminate 2 ~ 3 seconds to indicate 'proceed with landing'. Any subsequent
illumination means 'add power', according to length of illumination of lights
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 4
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Wave off lights
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Should the landing fall outside safe parameters (for example you are way too low), the LSO will call 'Wave Off!'
and these lights will illuminate: you need to terminate the landing attempt and go around (climb away).
|-
| 5
| Emergency wave off lights
| Identical in function to normal Wave Off Lights (4): for really dense pilots.
|}

The IFLOLS landing phase will typically be accompanied by call-outs from the LSO, which can be found in the next chapter.
----
=== LSO (Landing Signal Officer) ===

In here you will find the various relevant callouts the Landing Signal Officer (LSO) can make during landing. Please refer to the relevant Case 1, 2, 3 landings to find specifics as to the callouts in those situations: for example during Case 1 communications are kept to a minimum (unless there are safety concerns).

==== Carrier Landing LSO Callouts ====

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="3" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | LSO Callouts
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Callout
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | By
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
|-
| Paddles Contact
| LSO
| You are abeam LSO platform, begin final turn
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 3/4 mile call the ball
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Can you see the meatball?
|-
| style="color:#3166ff;" | 118 Tomcat Ball 5.6
| style="color:#3166ff;" | Pilot
| style="color:#3166ff;" | Modex / Aircraft Type / Meatball / Fuelstate / Auto* [1]
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Go Manual
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Disengage Autothrottles (ATC)
|-
| Roger Ball
| LSO
| Aircraft is cleared to continue
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | You are high
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Aircraft is above glideslope
|-
| Power
| LSO
| Add power, aircraft below glideslope
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Right for lineup
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Come right to centerline
|-
| Come left
| LSO
| Come left to centerline
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Easy with it
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Control corrections are excessive
|-
| In Close
| LSO
| Aircraft at ramp
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | You are fast/slow
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Adjust aircraft AOA, it is incorrect
|-
| style="color:#fe0000;" | Burner!
| style="color:#fe0000;" | LSO
| style="color:#fe0000;" | Select afterburner!
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40; color:#fe0000;" | Wave-Off!
| style="background-color:#accf40; color:#fe0000;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40; color:#fe0000;" | Execute Wave-Off!
|-
| Bolter
| LSO
| You missed all the arrestor wires
|}

As to the pilot 3/4 mile ball call, it used the following format:
Modex / Aircraft Type / Meatball / Fuelstate / Auto* [1]
; Modex
: Side number of aircraft
; Aircraft type
: Tomcat, Hornet, Harrier
; Meatball (IFLOLS)
: If you can visually acquire (see) the meatball, say 'ball'.
: If you cannot see the meatball, say 'clara' and the LSO will talk you in during your landing
; Fuelstate
: The fuel remaining in thoudands of pounds: 5100 pounds -> 5.1, 3500 pounds -> 3.5
; Auto
: Only say this if you are using autothrottles

So for a Hornet with 3400 pounds of fuel, with sidenumber 102, using autothrottles, of which the pilot can see the meatball, the ball call would be:
102 Hornet Ball 3.4 auto
And equally for a Tomacat with 4100 pounds of fuel, side number 118, of which the pilot cannot see the meatball:
118 Tomcat Clara 4.1

==== LSO Grading ====

After you have made a landing attempt you can expect an evaluation and grade for your landing: these are written in the LSO shorthand. On-board a carrier these are typically posted on a board, with on-going scoring: aside from bragging rights, scoring is kept to visualise performance and re-educate pilots doing poorly.

[[File:Carrier glideslope.png|500px|thumb|right|caption|Glide slope naming <br />
X - At the Start <br />
IM - In the Middle <br />
IC - In Close <br />
AR - At Ramp <br />
IW - In the Wires <br />
AW - All the Way <br />
]]

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="4" style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Overall Grade
|-
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Grade
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Score
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Rating
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Score
|-
| _OK_
| OK Underline
| Perfect pass: rarely awarded
| 5
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | OK
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | OK Pass
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pass with very minor deviations
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 4
|-
| (OK)
| Fair Pass
| Pass with one or more safe deviations
| 3
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | B
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Bolter
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Safe pass where aircraft fails to hook a wire
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2.5
|-
| --
| No Grade
| Pass with gross (still safe) deviations:
failure to listen to LSO, inappropriate actions
| 2
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | TWO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Technique Waveoff
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pass with unsafe deviations: needed to be aborted
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 1
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | C
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Cut Pass
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Unsafe pass with unacceptable deviations
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 0
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | WO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Foul Deck Waveoff
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Aborted pass after landing deck fouled (blocked):
no points and not counted towards average
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | ---
|}

Aside from the overall grading board, there will also be a board or score sheet which has the development of each landing noted in the symbology. We can split this apart in the general symbology and the overall symbology, as per the [http://www.navyair.com/LSO_NATOPS_Manual.pdf LSO Natops Manual]. The table below list the most frequently used entries:

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="5" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | LSO General Symbology
|-
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Symbology
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Symbology
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | WO
| Waveoff
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | ()
| A little
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | WOP
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Waveoff Pattern
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | _Comment_
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | A lot
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | OWO
| Own Waveoff
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | []
| Ignored signal LSO
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | TWO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Technique Waveoff
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | O
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Signal acknowledged
too slowly
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | TLU
| Test Lineup
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | OC
| Over Corrected
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | _OK_
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Perfect Pass
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | •
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Indicates 'on'
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | OK
| Reasonable Pass
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | -
| Indicates 'to'
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | (OK)
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Fair Pass
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | PATT
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pattern
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | ---
| No Grade
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | M1
| Mode 1 ACLS
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | C
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Cut
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | (A)
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Auto
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | B
| Bolter
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | BC
| Missed / incorrect
Ball Call
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | NC
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | No Count
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | AFU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | All 'Fouled' Up
|}

Below are the additional (remaining) entries from the LSO Jargon table: these are not frequently used, unlike the ones in the general table.

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="11" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | LSO Grading Jargon
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | SYM
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | SYM
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | SYM
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | SYM
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | AA
| Angling Approach
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | HO
| Hold Off
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | OR
| Overrotate
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | TMP
| Too Much Power
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | ACC
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Accelerate
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LIG
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Long In Groove
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | OS
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Overshoot
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | TMRD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Too Much Rate of Descent
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | AFU
| All 'Fouled' Up
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | LL
| Landed Left
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | OSCB
| Overshoot Coming Back
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | TMRR
| Too Much Right Rudder
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | B
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Flat glideslope
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LLU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Late LineUp
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | P
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Power
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | TTL
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Turned Too Late
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | C
| Climbing
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | LO
| Low
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | PD
| Pitching Deck
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | TTS
| Turned Too Soon
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | CB
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Coming Back to lineup
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LR
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Landed Right
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | PNU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pulled Nose Up
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | TWA
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Too Wide Abeam
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | CD
| Coming Down
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | LTR
| Left To Right
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | ROT
| Rotate
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | W
| Wings
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | CH
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Chased
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LineUp
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | RUD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Rudder
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | WU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Wrapped Up
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | CO
| Come-On
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | LUL
| Lined Up Left
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | RUF
| Rough
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | XCTL
| Cross Control
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | CU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Cocked Up
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LUR
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Lined Up Right
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | RWD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Right Wing Down (DWR)
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | /
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Fly through glideslope (going up)
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | DD
| Deck Down
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | LWD
| Left Wing Down (DWL)
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | RR
| Right Rudder
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | \
| Fly through glideslope (going down)
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | DEC
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Decelerate
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | N
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Nose
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | RTL
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Right To Left
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LLWD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Landed Left Wing Down
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | DL
| Drifted Left
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | NC
| Nice Correction
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | S
| Settle
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | LRWD
| Landed Right Wing Down
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | DN
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Dropped Nose
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | ND
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Nose Down
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | SD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Spotted Deck
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LNF
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Landed Nose First
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | DR
| Drifted Right
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | NEA
| Not Enough Attitude
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | SHT
| Ship's Turn
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | ^
| Over the Top
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | DU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Deck up
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | NEP
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Not Enough Power
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | SKD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Skid
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | EG
| Eased Gun
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | NERD
| Not Enough Rate of Descent
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | SLO
| Slow
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" |
|
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | F
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Fast
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | NERR
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Not Enough Right Rudder
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | SRD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Stopped Rate of Descent
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | FD
| Fouled Deck
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | NESA
| Not Enough Straight Away
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | ST
| Steep Turn
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" |
|
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | GLI
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Gliding Approach
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | NH
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | No Hook
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | TCA
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Too Close Abeam
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | H
| High
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | NSU
| Not Set Up
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | TMA
| Too Much Attitude
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" |
|
|}

----
=== Case 2 Landing ===

Case 2 recoveries (landings) are in practice a weird (Frankenstein) mix of both Case 1 and Case 3 landings, so we advise you familiarise yourself with these cases first and then come back to the Case 2 recoveries.

In essence the Case 2 recoveries are flown by entering the Case 3 Stack pattern and pushing to the boat (aircraft carrier) as normal, but once you get within visual range of the carrier you instead transition to the Case 1 Landing Pattern.

----

=== Case 3 Landing ===

<gallery widths=400px heights=400px>
File:Case 3 landing pattern.png|Case 1 Landing Pattern
File:IFLOLS diagram.png|thumb|right|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_landing_system#Improved_fresnel_lens_optical_landing_system_(IFLOLS)| IFLOLS]
</gallery>

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="5" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Case 3 Communication
|-
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | #
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Location
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Pilot Action
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Messages
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Frequency
|-
| 1
| 17000 ft, 75+ DME
Outside of CCA (~50 nm)
| Ask permission from Red Crown to enter.
| Pilot: [Red Crown, 118, Mother's 250 for 75, Angels 17] <br />

Red Crown: [118, Sweet/Sweet, contact Strike on Button 3]
| Button 4,
256.000 AM
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 16000 ft, 55 DME
Inside CCA (~ 50 nm), outside
Marshall Area (10 nm)
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Ask permission from Strike to enter.
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot: [Strike, 118, flight of 1, Mother's 250 for 55, Angels 12] <br />
Pilot: [State 5.4, no Alibis] <br />

Strike: [118, Sweet/Sweet, Mother is IMC, Case 3] <br />
Strike: [Contact Marshall on Button 2] <br />
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Button 3,
265.000 AM
|-
| 3
| 14000 ft, 52 DME
| Ask for assigned stack from Marshall:
Stack is given on radial 082, 22 nm <br />
behind the carrier and at 7000 ft.

Marshall also gives other key <br /> information (write it down!)
| Pilot: [Marshall, 118, 250 for 52, Angels 14, State 5.3]

Marshall: [118, Mother's weather is 600 overcast, visibility 3 miles, altimeter 29.87] <br />
Marshall: [Case 3 recovery, Marshall on the 082, 22, angels 7.] <br />

Marshall: [Expected Final Bearing 262, <br /> Expected approach time 22, Approach button 18] <br />

Pilot: [118, Altimeter 29.87, Marshall on the 082, 22, angels 7. Expected approach
time 22.]
| Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 4
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 7000 ft, in holding pattern
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot has established holding pattern <br /> at 7000 ft: gives fuel state for Marshall to keep track off
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot: [118, established angels 7. State 5.1]
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| 5
| All flights
| Marshall constantly updates all flights with <br /> new info: bearing, visibility, altimeter QFH
| Marshall: [118, altimeter 29.88. New final bearing is 265]
| Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 6
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 7000 ft, leaving holding pattern
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot notifies Marshall the descent <br />
from holding pattern has begun, <br />
states altimeter setting +
fuel state
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot: [118, Commencing, 29.88, state 4.8]
Marshall: [118, roger]
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| 7
| 5000 ft (platform),
descending
| Pilot notifies Marshall he is passing
5000 ft (platform)
| Pilot: [118, platform]
| Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 8
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 1200 - 5000 ft, descend
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Marshall hands pilot off to approach
(can happen before reaching platform!)
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot: [118, checking in, state 4.6]
Marshall: [118, switch button 18]
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| 9
| 1200 - 5000 ft, descending
| Pilot checks in with approach: pilot may <br />
be asked to dirty up earlier / later to <br />
match correct landing intervals
| Pilot: [118, checking in, state 4.5]
Marshall: [118, final bearing 262]
| Button 18,
251.000 AM
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 10
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 1200 ft,
around 4 -8 nm DME
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | When ACLS is acquired, <br />
approach asks what ACLS ('needles') is showing. <br />

If unsatisfactory, new lock will be tried: <br />
if no lock approach will tell pilot to
fly ICLS ('bullseye')
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Approach: [118, say needles] <br />
Pilot: [405, fly up, on] <br />
Approach: [118, fly your needles] <br />

OR

Approach: [118, fly bullseye]
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Button 18,
251.000 AM
|-
| 11
| 800 ft,
3/4 mile
| LSO chimes in
| LSO: [3/4 mile, Call The Ball] <br />
Pilot: [118, tomcat/hornet, ball/clara, state, auto*] <br />
LSO: [Roger Ball]
| Button 18, 251.000 AM
|}

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="3" style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Case 3 Landing Pattern
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Pattern
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Step
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | A
| colspan="2" | Marshall stack: starting at 6000 ft, with increments of 1000 ftfor each flight / package
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | B
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#accf40;" | Platform, passing 5000 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | C
| colspan="2" | 10 miles DME, 600 ft, commence landing descent
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | D
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#accf40;" | 6 miles DME, maintain 1200 ft ACLS (Automated Carrier Landing System)[1]
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | E
| colspan="2" | 1.5 miles DME, 600 ft, commence landing descent
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | F
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#accf40;" | 1 mile DME, 400 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | G
| colspan="2" | 3/4 mile DME, call the ballside number, tomcat/hornet, ball/clara[2], fuelstate[3], (auto[4])
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | H
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#accf40;" | 1/2 mile DME, 200 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | I
| colspan="2" | Wave off on Final Heading, climb to 1200 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | J
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#accf40;" | Turn to downwind heading, using 10% speed G-turn
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | K
| colspan="2" | Maintain 1200 ft and on speed AOA, flaps/slats/gear/hook down
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | L
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#accf40;" | Turn into Final Heading via 18 ~ 22 degree bank turn
|-
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right;" | Speedbrake / ACLS [1]
| As desired
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right; background-color:#f8ff00;" | Clara [2]
| style="background-color:#f8ff00;" | Ball is obscured, LSO will give instructions
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right;" | Fuelstate [3]
| Remaining fuel in thousands of pounds:5100 pounds -> 5.1
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right; background-color:#f8ff00;" | Auto [4]
| style="background-color:#f8ff00;" | Auto throttle is engaged
|}

----

== References ==

[https://www.cnatra.navy.mil/local/docs/pat-pubs/P-816.pdf US Navy Carrier Case 1/2/3 PDF File]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2yEt9QC5ltg&feature=youtu.be Aircraft Carrier Communications, two hours worth of carrier radio chatter]

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Carrier Air Operations

2019-01-23T21:09:55Z

Nanne118: Reduced STOBAR chapter

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[[File:AircraftCarrierNight.jpeg|350px|thumb|right|A home away from home for many naval aviators]]

Carrier Air Operations are the various procedures and techniques that make up landing on a moving ship, called an aircraft carrier: both STOL / STOVL (such as the Harrier and F-35's) and fixed wing (F-14, F-18) can land on a carrier. Because of the relatively small size of aircraft carriers there are a number of rules and procedures that you should follow when on or around an aircraft carrier.

__TOC__

== Carrier Basics ==

Before we dive headfirst into the procedures and rules associated with carrier air operations, we will first go over the various basics that come into play when operating on a carrier. These include items such as how does a carrier work, what does a carrier look like, and what sort of key features should you pay attention to when you cannot make out left from right when operating on a busy carrier.

=== Carrier Features ===

Because of the limited length of an aircraft carrier some special equipment is used for launching (departure, taking off) and recovering (landing) aircraft. Whereas normally a runway would net you somewhere in the ballpark of 6000 - 12000 feet of usable space, having a total length of 1100 feet is already quite spacious for an aircraft carrier. There are various types of key equipment used on a carrier:

; 1. Arresting gear
: Used to slow down / landing aircraft (recoveries)
; 2. Catapults
: Used to speed up / launch aircraft
; 3. Launch ramp
: Used to launch aircraft
; 4. IFLOLS
: Used to guide aircraft into landing (recoveries)

----

==== Ski ramps (STOBAR) ====

[[File:SU-33_Carrier_Takeoff.gif|thumb|right|[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uox9S6UccEE| Su-33 taking on from ski carrier ramp]]]

Most modern aircraft tend to be quite heavy (due to radar / sensor electronics, as well as heavy jet engines) and as such they cannot simply run off the edge of the ship at full speed to get into the air (though this was common practice for the lighter World War 2 aircraft). Instead, you could use a ramp and a high power aircraft (with very little weight).

[[File:Su33ramp.jpg|thumb|right|200px||Ski ramp on a Russian carrier]]

The procedure of using a ramp to launch aircraft is called [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STOBAR| '''STOBAR''' ( Short Take-Off But Arrested Recovery ) ] and is a simple (cost effective) manner of launching aircraft from a carrier. For this you only need a ramp (angled bit of deck) and you will need a high power to weight ratio (i.e. lot of power, little weight) on your aircraft to launch aircraft off of the carrier.

Launching via STOBAR is done by lining the aircraft up to go off the ramp, go full thrust and launch by running off of it. Removable wheel chocks are used to hold the aircraft in place whilst you run up to full power (in the designated spots): the JBD (Jet Blast Deflector, a big piece of metal behind the plane that can be raised) is used to prevent the exhaust from the airplane preparing to take-off from blowing away other aircraft lined up behind it.

Jets take a few seconds to spool up to full power (i.e. no full thrust from the get go), so the use of these chocks is pretty vital. On some (Russian) aircraft a thrust override (carrier takeoff) switch can be set to provide even more engine power, to be used when an aircraft is heavily loaded or in bad weather conditions.

The drawbacks of using STOBAR is that you get to bring less overall weight, so less weapons and fuel to maintain the amount of power versus weight (also called the thrust vs. weight) ratio to be able to safely launch (although you will typically top up on fuel after launching from any carrier). Also, because the ramp takes up valuable space on the carrier (you can't park aircraft on the ramp), you can typically bring less planes aboard and you will not be able to launch as many planes from a STOBAR carrier (as they all have to use the same ramp to launch).

----

==== Catapults (CATOBAR) ====

[[File:F18_Carrier_Takeoff.gif|thumb|right|[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZzVW9315ur0| F-18C taking off using the catapult]]]

Rather than implement the CATOBAR ramp system, the United States (whom pioneered the system) and most NATO countries instead use the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CATOBAR| '''CATOBAR''' (Catapult Assisted Take-Off But Arrested Recovery ] system. The aircraft catapult is a launcher to which an aircraft is hooked up, which is then launched using external power from the carrier (either steam or electromagnetic power).

Up to the Cold War most aircraft used a length of reinforced rope (called a bridle) to attach to the catapult shuttle, but in all aircraft after the Cold War the shuttle instead connects to the nose gear of the aircraft via the launch bar. The pilot can selectively lower the launch bar with a switch in the cockpit to hook up to the catapult (shuttle). This shuttle also holds back the aircraft, so that the engines can be run up to full (afterburning) mode before launching. The catapult is then set to the appropriate amount of power and the aircraft can be subsequently launched.

Although more expensive (maintenance costs) to operate than the comparative ramp system, the catapult system allows you more flexibility in operating it: you can increase the amount of power on the catapult for heavier aircraft (more fuel/ordinance), as well as being able to hookup and launch multiple aircraft in quick succession by using multiple catapults.

----

==== Arresting gear ====

[[File:F18_Carrier_Landing.gif|thumb|right|[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I3fm4HwVdE8| F-18C landing with arrestor wires]]]

To allow aircraft to land in a much smaller space, a number of wires (typically 4 or 5) are strung across the landing deck. The aircraft catches one of these '''arresting wires''' with the use of the hook built into the airframe, after which the aircraft slows down rapidly (though quite harshly). Obviously aircraft such as helicopters and STOL/STOVL (such as the Harrier or F-35) do not need these arresting wires, as they can simply land (semi) vertically.

Because of the limited length of the landing area and the harsh landing, the aircraft used for landing on a carrier (carrier aircraft) also have very robust landing gear to withstand the high rate of descend. In a way, landing on an aircraft carrier is more controlled crashing than actual landing.

To allow aircraft carriers to launch and recover aircraft at the same time, the landing deck often has an offset: this means the landing deck is at an angle compared to the rest of the ship (typically at 9 degrees). Typically you will visually adjust for this offset (respective of the carrier course) in your landing procedure, but during nighttime or bad visibility you will be given a different heading to adjust for this offset automatically.

----

==== IFLOLS ====

[[File:IFLOLS diagram.png|thumb|right|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_landing_system#Improved_fresnel_lens_optical_landing_system_(IFLOLS)| IFLOLS]]]

The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_landing_system#Improved_fresnel_lens_optical_landing_system_(IFLOLS)| IFLOLS (Improved Fresnel Optical Landing System)] is a system used on carriers to guide aircraft into the correct landing approach ('line-up'). Aside from extreme weather conditions or nighttime (both leading to limited visibility) landings, you will use this system to correctly line yourself up so that you may make a successful landing first time round.

The LSO (Landing Signal Officer) are in charge of operating these lights and will guide you on landing the aircraft, as well as grading the landing attempt afterwards. Please see the appropriate chapter for further information on LSO Grading: you can use the foldout button below to show the IFLOLS names for the lights.

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="3" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | | IFLOLS: Carrier Landing Lights |
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | #
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Name
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Function
|-
| 1
| Ladder /
Meatball
| On this vertical bar with yellow/red lights, the orange ball ('meatball') will move up and down
according to aircraft position. If the ball is too low, your aircraft is too low. If the ball is too high, your
aircraft is too high. The goal is to line it up with the datum lights (2) for optimal landing: should the orange
ball fall into red lights you are dangerously low and you will need to wave off (stop) the landing attempt.
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Datum lights
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | These green horizontal bar of lights indicates your ideal line up: the goal is to have the orange ball ('meatball')
line up with the datum lights for ideal vertical landing position.
|-
| 3
| Cut lights
| On early approach the cut lights illuminate 2 ~ 3 seconds to indicate 'proceed with landing'. Any subsequent
illumination means 'add power', according to length of illumination of lights
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 4
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Wave off lights
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Should the landing fall outside safe parameters (for example you are way too low), the LSO will call 'Wave Off!'
and these lights will illuminate: you need to terminate the landing attempt and go around (climb away).
|-
| 5
| Emergency wave off lights
| Identical in function to normal Wave Off Lights (4): for really dense pilots.
|}

----

==== ACLS / ICLS ====

----

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=== Carrier Deck Layout ===

Let's first familiarize ourselves with the overall carrier deck layout (topology). Unlike an airfield, where there is space aplenty, the carrier is quite cramped and often busy with other aircraft, so knowing where you are going (and not hindering others) is vital.

[[File:ACTUAL_CARRIER_TOPOLOGY.png|right|800px]]

All (modern) aircraft carriers more or less have the same layout: the figure here shows the diagram of the USS Nimitz class carriers, but we could still apply the location names to all other carriers (including carriers such as the Russian Admiral Kuznetsov).

Objects such as parked aircraft or munition carts can be placed on the aircraft deck (by the mission developer): even if they are not moving ('static') they can till be collideable. So ensure your path and catapult '''are clear before moving''', before finding out on take-off that there is an aircraft parked on the catapult.

The most critical locations on an aircraft carrier are the '''catapults''' or ramp (marked in green and numbered), and the '''landing deck''' (between the red stripes, with yellow centerline). These are for respectively launching aircraft (taking off) and recovering aircraft (landing), so like a runway, '''do not block them'''. Typical recovery or departure intervals are approximately 20 to 30 seconds, so try to cross them quick if you have to and be wary of other aircraft.

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="6" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | | Carrier Topology List |
|-
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | #
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Name
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Location
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Colour
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Function
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Notes
|-
| 1
| Landing Deck
| Slanted along deck
| Between red lines,
with yellow centerline
| Landing aircraft
| Keep clear at all times
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Catapults
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Bow (front)
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | In green,
JBD in light blue
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Launching aircraft
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Be mindful about
parked aircraft
obstructing catapults
|-
| 3
| Island
| Starboard,
midways ship
| In purple
| Ship control,
aircraft control tower
| Waive to your Airboss
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 4
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Elevators
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Edge of ship
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | In blue
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Transporting aircraft
to hangar / deck
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| 5
| Crotch
| Bow (front)
| Black
| Do NOT use for landing lineup
|
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 6
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Box
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Between catapults
#1 and #2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Black
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Shooter /
catapult control
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Little hut where the
catapult controller sits
|-
| 7
| Point
| Starboard bow
|
| QRA: Quick Reaction Alert
| Parking aircraft for quick
reaction air support
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 8
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Corral
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Between elevators
#1 and #2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Parking
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| 9
| Street
| Midship / Center
|
| Access to elevators, corral, sixpack
|
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 10
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Sixpack
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Midship / Center
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Parking
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| 11
| Junkyard
| Between island and
elevator #3
|
| Parking of AWACS, Tanker,
Transport aircraft
|
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 12
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Patio
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Starboard stern
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Parking
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| 13
| LSO
| Port stern
|
| Landing Officer
| Bunch of guys grading
your landing
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 14
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Finger
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Port stern
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Parking
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|}

Knowing these areas by name is certainly not required, but know to keep the landing deck clear!

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----

== Carrier Cases ==

During carrier operations we use 1 of 3 possible cases, with cases each having different approaches and procedures: this is to adjust to the weather and visibility conditions. The carrier will normally dictate which case is currently in use, but mainly it is dependant on the minimum visibility ('horizontal sightlines') and ceiling ('vertical visibility') according to the table below:

{| class="wikitable"
! style="background-color:#f8a102; color:#000000;" | Case
! style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Conditions
! style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Ceiling
! style="background-color:#f8a102; color:#000000;" | Visibility
|-
| 1
| No instrument conditions during daytime departures/recoveries
| > 3000 ft (910 m)
| > 5 nm (9.3 km)
|-
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | (Light) Instrument conditions during daytime departures/recoveries
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | > 1000 ft (300 m)
| style="background-color:#accc4f;" | > 5 nm (9.3 km)
|-
| 3
| Severe instrument conditions during daytime '''and nighttime''' recoveries
| < 1000 ft (300 m)
| < 5 nm (9.3 km)
|}

Please note that recovering during night time automatically defers you to a case 3 landing, regardless of actual weather and visibility conditions.

=== Altitudes, ranges and distances ===

The Air Traffic Controller in charge of the flight procedures around the carrier is called the 'Marshall', and he gets to boss you around for not flying perfectly perpendicular to his nice pattern / approach. He will tell you what case the carrier is currently operating in, gives you permission to transition to a given holding stack (altitude) or move closer to the carrier (zone).

Most notably the Marshall should tell you the '''BRC''', or '''Base Recovery Course'''. This the current course that the carrier is moving in, and should be the course that you adhere to for landing your aircraft on the carrier deck: please note that the actual carrier landing deck is offset by 9 degrees from the BRC. During Case 3 conditions you will instead be told the '''FB''', or '''Final Bearing''' which is the BRC adjusted with the 9 degree offset (FB = BRC - 9).

Below are the altitude blocks and zone distances associated with carrier operations:

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="7" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Carrier Altitudes and Zoning
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#f8a102;" | Altitude
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Zone
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#f8a102;" | Distance
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Altitude
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Zone
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 6000+ ft
| Case 3 Marshall (traffic) stack
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right;" | 50 nm DME
| Inf.
| CCA, Carrier Controlled Area
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 3000+ ft
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Case 1 holding pattern / stack
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 10 nm DME
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Inf.
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Marshall Controlled Area
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 1200 ft
| Case 3 approach and missed approach
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right;" | 5 nm DME
| 2500 ft
| CCZ, Carrier Controlled Zone
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 800 ft
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Case 1 initial overhead break
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 600 ft
| Case 1 downwind and missed approach
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right;" |
|
|
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 500 ft
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Case 1 departure in CCZ
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 300 ft
| Helicopter operations in CCZ
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: right;" |
|
|
|}

Distances given in '''DME''' (Distance Measuring Equipment) are thus identical to distance from the carrier: this distance can be obtained by using the TACAN signal of the carrier or similar equipment (ICLS).

----

== Carrier TakeOff ==

----

== Carrier Landing ==

For this chapter we have outline the various carrier cases landing procedures and approaches: for ease of use these are split into the traffic pattern and landing pattern. The '''traffic pattern''' is used for approaching to the carrier and holding the in the traffic pattern / stack until you it is your time to land on the carrier (which usually involves waiting for other pilots to land first). The '''landing pattern''' goes about explaining the actual steps for the landing approach. Thanks to Kola360 we have also been able to provide you with the relevant communications guide for these cases.

We would like to give a massive 'Thank you' to '''Jabbers''', '''Kola360''' and '''Redkite''' for their contributions to making these chapters.

----
=== Case 1 Landing ===

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Case_1_stack_pattern.png|none|alt=Alt text|Case 1 Traffic Pattern
File:Case 1 landing pattern.png|none|alt=Alt text|Case 1 Landing Pattern
File:IFLOLS diagram.png|none|alt=Alt text|IFLOLS
</gallery>

The Case 1 landing in good visibility conditions is (and probably should be) the first type of landing you learn for carrier recovery. It follows these 3 stages:
; 1. Enter traffic pattern
: For case 1 you will contact the relevant air controllers (see communications list), which will grant your permission to enter the airspace and direct you to a holding pattern / altitude (a circle of approx. 5 nm at 1000 feet intervals, starting at 2000 feet).
; 2. Fly landing pattern
: When you are cleared by the Marshall for landing, you will use the landing pattern to get to the carrier (on final, or 'in the groove')
; 3. Line up with IFLOLS
: The final stage of Case 1 is the line-up with the IFLOLS on final approach, or 'in the groove'



Instructions for Case 1 communications and approach pattern are in the table below. For this communications example our pilot has (side) number '118' and we have a number of radio frequencies (called 'buttons'): the pilot/side number and radio frequencies will most likely be different in your scenario.

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="5" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Case 1 Communication / Landing Pattern
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | #
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Location
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Pilot action
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Messages
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Frequency
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 1
| 17000 ft, 75+ DME
Outside of CCA (~ 50 nm)
| style="text-align: center;" | Ask permission from Red Crown to enter.
| Pilot: [Red Crown, 118, Mother's 250 for 75, Angels 17] <br />
<br />
Red Crown: [118, Sweet/Sweet, contact Strike on Button 3]
| style="text-align: center;" | Button 4,
256.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 12000 ft, 55 DME
Inside CCA
Outside Marshall Area (10 nm)
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Ask permission from Strike to enter.
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot: [Strike, 118, flight of 2, Mother's 250 for 55, Angels 12]<br />
Pilot: [State 5.4, no Alibis]<br />
<br />
Strike: [118, Sweet/Sweet, Mother is VFR, Case 1]<br />
Strike: [Contact Marshall on Button 2]<br />
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Button 3,
265.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 3
| 9000 ft, 52 DME
| style="text-align: center;" | Pilot makes call outside 10 nm (but inside CCA).
Contact Marshall to enter CCA.
| Pilot: [Marshall, 118, 2050 for 52, Angels 9, State 5.3]<br /><br />
Marshall: [118, Case 1, BRC is 010, hold at 2000, Charlie Time 22]<br />
Marshall: [Altimeter 29.92. Report see me.]<br />
<br />
Pilot: [118, Wilco]
| style="text-align: center;" | Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 4
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 5000 ft, 10 DME
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot has visual on carrier. Cleared to enter stack
(2000 ft, stack 1). Monitor button 1 for other traffic.
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot: [118, See you at 10]<br />
<br />
Marshall: [118, Switch Tower on Button 1]
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 5
| 2000 ft, In the Stack
| style="text-align: center;" | Pilot has obtained Charlie Time from Marshall and
must be 'At Ramp' at given time (2200 hours).
| style="text-align: center;" | Zip Lip, unless [safety concerns].
Monitor Button 1 for traffic
| style="text-align: center;" | Button 1,
301.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 6
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2000 ft, In the Stack
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot matches speed so he is 'At Ramp'
on Charlie Time
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | IMC ONLY
Pilot: [118, Commencing]<br />
Pilot: [118, at Initial]
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Button 1,
301.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 7
| 800 ft
| style="text-align: center;" | Case 1 Recovery
| LSO: [3/4 mile, Call the Ball]<br />
<br />
Pilot: [118, tomcat/hornet, call/clara, state, auto*]<br />
<br />
LSO: [Roger Ball]
| style="text-align: center;" | Button 1,
301.000 AM
|-
| colspan="5" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Additional case 1 communication
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 8
| 2000 ft, In the Stack
| Air Boss adds Delta Time to given Charlie Time:
'At Ramp' time becomes Charlie Time + Delta Time
| Air Boss: [118, Delta 6]
| Button 1,
301.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right; background-color:#accf40;" | 9
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2000 ft, Commencing
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot has to go into spin pattern before
heading for the initial break
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Air Boss: [118, Spin It] <br />
<br />
Pilot: [118, Spinning]
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Button 1,
301.000 AM
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 10
| 600 ft, Abeam carrier
| Pilot has extend downwind too far and must
return to initial (800 ft starboard of carrier),
to redo the case 1 pattern
| Air Boss: [118, too long in the groove,
(an airbus cut you off), wave off and return to pattern]
| Button 1,
301.000 AM
|}

Once you have successfully reached step 7 in the communications example above you should now go into the Case 1 Landing Pattern, as follows in the table below:

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="3" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Case 1 Landing Pattern
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | #
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | F-14
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | F-18
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | A
| style="text-align: center;" | 800 ft entry, approx. 300 - 350 kts,hook down, wing sweep 68
| style="text-align: center;" | 800 ft entry, approx. 300 - 350 kts,hook down
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | B
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Speedbrake[1], radar altimeter to 370 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | C
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | Level break at 1.5 ~ 2.0 nm DME; 15 to 17 seconds between breaks,level turn at 800 ft.
Turn should be at 45 ~ 50 degrees of bank or at 10% in G of airspeed (i.e. 330 kts -> 3.3 G).
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | D
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Halfway into turn, set gear down at < 280 ktsand flaps/slats at < 225 kts
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Halfway into turn, setgear/flaps/slats at < 250 kts
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | E
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | Descend to 600 ft, auto throttle[1]
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | F
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | On-speed AOA at 15 units, set DLC
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | On-speed AOA at 8 units
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | G
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | 600 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | H
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Prepare to turn once abeam of LSO station, at 1 ~ 1.3 nm abeam DME
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | I
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | Commence turn once 'round down' visible, turn at ~ 30 degrees bank
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | J
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | Maintain AOA, halfway into turn at 500 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | K
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | Enter groove at ~ 350 ft (altimeter!), at 3/4 miles, on-speed and call the ball:side number, tomcat/hornet, ball/clara[2], fuelstate[3], (auto[4])
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#6665cd;" | W
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color:#6665cd;" | Upon (or prior to) waveoff set full power: return to BRC paralleland intercept pattern at LSO / marshall discretion
|-
| colspan="3" style="background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right;" | Speedbrake / ATC [1]
| As desired
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right; background-color:#f8ff00;" | Clara [2]
| style="background-color:#f8ff00;" | Ball is obscured, LSO will give instructions
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right;" | Fuelstate [3]
| Remaining fuel in thousands of pounds:5100 pounds -> 5.1
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right; background-color:#f8ff00;" | Auto [4]
| style="background-color:#f8ff00;" | Auto throttle is engaged
|}

Once you are on final approach / in the groove (K), you should now switch to the use of the IFLOLS system. This last phase should last around 15 - 17 seconds: any shorter and you may not be able to line up correctly, any longer and the LSO / Marshall will wave you off for being in the pattern for too long.

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="3" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | IFLOLS
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | #
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Name
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Function
|-
| 1
| Ladder /
Meatball
| On this vertical bar with yellow/red lights, the orange ball ('meatball') will move up and down
according to aircraft position. If the ball is too low, your aircraft is too low. If the ball is too high, your
aircraft is too high. The goal is to line it up with the datum lights (2) for optimal landing: should the orange
ball fall into red lights you are dangerously low and you will need to wave off (stop) the landing attempt.
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Datum lights
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | These green horizontal bar of lights indicates your ideal line up: the goal is to have the orange ball ('meatball')
line up with the datum lights for ideal vertical landing position.
|-
| 3
| Cut lights
| On early approach the cut lights illuminate 2 ~ 3 seconds to indicate 'proceed with landing'. Any subsequent
illumination means 'add power', according to length of illumination of lights
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 4
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Wave off lights
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Should the landing fall outside safe parameters (for example you are way too low), the LSO will call 'Wave Off!'
and these lights will illuminate: you need to terminate the landing attempt and go around (climb away).
|-
| 5
| Emergency wave off lights
| Identical in function to normal Wave Off Lights (4): for really dense pilots.
|}

The IFLOLS landing phase will typically be accompanied by call-outs from the LSO, which can be found in the next chapter.
----
=== LSO (Landing Signal Officer) ===

In here you will find the various relevant callouts the Landing Signal Officer (LSO) can make during landing. Please refer to the relevant Case 1, 2, 3 landings to find specifics as to the callouts in those situations: for example during Case 1 communications are kept to a minimum (unless there are safety concerns).

==== Carrier Landing LSO Callouts ====

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="3" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | LSO Callouts
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Callout
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | By
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
|-
| Paddles Contact
| LSO
| You are abeam LSO platform, begin final turn
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 3/4 mile call the ball
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Can you see the meatball?
|-
| style="color:#3166ff;" | 118 Tomcat Ball 5.6
| style="color:#3166ff;" | Pilot
| style="color:#3166ff;" | Modex / Aircraft Type / Meatball / Fuelstate / Auto* [1]
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Go Manual
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Disengage Autothrottles (ATC)
|-
| Roger Ball
| LSO
| Aircraft is cleared to continue
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | You are high
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Aircraft is above glideslope
|-
| Power
| LSO
| Add power, aircraft below glideslope
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Right for lineup
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Come right to centerline
|-
| Come left
| LSO
| Come left to centerline
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Easy with it
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Control corrections are excessive
|-
| In Close
| LSO
| Aircraft at ramp
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | You are fast/slow
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Adjust aircraft AOA, it is incorrect
|-
| style="color:#fe0000;" | Burner!
| style="color:#fe0000;" | LSO
| style="color:#fe0000;" | Select afterburner!
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40; color:#fe0000;" | Wave-Off!
| style="background-color:#accf40; color:#fe0000;" | LSO
| style="background-color:#accf40; color:#fe0000;" | Execute Wave-Off!
|-
| Bolter
| LSO
| You missed all the arrestor wires
|}

As to the pilot 3/4 mile ball call, it used the following format:
Modex / Aircraft Type / Meatball / Fuelstate / Auto* [1]
; Modex
: Side number of aircraft
; Aircraft type
: Tomcat, Hornet, Harrier
; Meatball (IFLOLS)
: If you can visually acquire (see) the meatball, say 'ball'.
: If you cannot see the meatball, say 'clara' and the LSO will talk you in during your landing
; Fuelstate
: The fuel remaining in thoudands of pounds: 5100 pounds -> 5.1, 3500 pounds -> 3.5
; Auto
: Only say this if you are using autothrottles

So for a Hornet with 3400 pounds of fuel, with sidenumber 102, using autothrottles, of which the pilot can see the meatball, the ball call would be:
102 Hornet Ball 3.4 auto
And equally for a Tomacat with 4100 pounds of fuel, side number 118, of which the pilot cannot see the meatball:
118 Tomcat Clara 4.1

==== LSO Grading ====

After you have made a landing attempt you can expect an evaluation and grade for your landing: these are written in the LSO shorthand. On-board a carrier these are typically posted on a board, with on-going scoring: aside from bragging rights, scoring is kept to visualise performance and re-educate pilots doing poorly.

[[File:Carrier glideslope.png|500px|thumb|right|caption|Glide slope naming <br />
X - At the Start <br />
IM - In the Middle <br />
IC - In Close <br />
AR - At Ramp <br />
IW - In the Wires <br />
AW - All the Way <br />
]]

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="4" style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Overall Grade
|-
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Grade
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Score
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Rating
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Score
|-
| _OK_
| OK Underline
| Perfect pass: rarely awarded
| 5
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | OK
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | OK Pass
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pass with very minor deviations
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 4
|-
| (OK)
| Fair Pass
| Pass with one or more safe deviations
| 3
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | B
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Bolter
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Safe pass where aircraft fails to hook a wire
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2.5
|-
| --
| No Grade
| Pass with gross (still safe) deviations:
failure to listen to LSO, inappropriate actions
| 2
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | TWO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Technique Waveoff
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pass with unsafe deviations: needed to be aborted
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 1
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | C
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Cut Pass
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Unsafe pass with unacceptable deviations
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 0
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | WO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Foul Deck Waveoff
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Aborted pass after landing deck fouled (blocked):
no points and not counted towards average
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | ---
|}

Aside from the overall grading board, there will also be a board or score sheet which has the development of each landing noted in the symbology. We can split this apart in the general symbology and the overall symbology, as per the [http://www.navyair.com/LSO_NATOPS_Manual.pdf LSO Natops Manual]. The table below list the most frequently used entries:

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="5" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | LSO General Symbology
|-
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Symbology
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Symbology
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | WO
| Waveoff
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | ()
| A little
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | WOP
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Waveoff Pattern
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | _Comment_
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | A lot
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | OWO
| Own Waveoff
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | []
| Ignored signal LSO
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | TWO
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Technique Waveoff
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | O
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Signal acknowledged
too slowly
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | TLU
| Test Lineup
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | OC
| Over Corrected
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | _OK_
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Perfect Pass
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | •
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Indicates 'on'
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | OK
| Reasonable Pass
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | -
| Indicates 'to'
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | (OK)
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Fair Pass
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | PATT
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pattern
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | ---
| No Grade
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | M1
| Mode 1 ACLS
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | C
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Cut
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | (A)
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Auto
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | B
| Bolter
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | BC
| Missed / incorrect
Ball Call
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | NC
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | No Count
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | AFU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | All 'Fouled' Up
|}

Below are the additional (remaining) entries from the LSO Jargon table: these are not frequently used, unlike the ones in the general table.

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="11" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | LSO Grading Jargon
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | SYM
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | SYM
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | SYM
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | SYM
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Meaning
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | AA
| Angling Approach
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | HO
| Hold Off
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | OR
| Overrotate
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | TMP
| Too Much Power
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | ACC
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Accelerate
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LIG
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Long In Groove
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | OS
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Overshoot
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | TMRD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Too Much Rate of Descent
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | AFU
| All 'Fouled' Up
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | LL
| Landed Left
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | OSCB
| Overshoot Coming Back
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | TMRR
| Too Much Right Rudder
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | B
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Flat glideslope
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LLU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Late LineUp
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | P
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Power
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | TTL
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Turned Too Late
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | C
| Climbing
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | LO
| Low
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | PD
| Pitching Deck
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | TTS
| Turned Too Soon
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | CB
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Coming Back to lineup
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LR
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Landed Right
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | PNU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pulled Nose Up
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | TWA
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Too Wide Abeam
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | CD
| Coming Down
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | LTR
| Left To Right
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | ROT
| Rotate
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | W
| Wings
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | CH
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Chased
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | LineUp
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | RUD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Rudder
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | WU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Wrapped Up
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | CO
| Come-On
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | LUL
| Lined Up Left
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | RUF
| Rough
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | XCTL
| Cross Control
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | CU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Cocked Up
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LUR
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Lined Up Right
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | RWD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Right Wing Down (DWR)
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | /
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Fly through glideslope (going up)
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | DD
| Deck Down
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | LWD
| Left Wing Down (DWL)
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | RR
| Right Rudder
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | \
| Fly through glideslope (going down)
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | DEC
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Decelerate
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | N
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Nose
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | RTL
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Right To Left
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LLWD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Landed Left Wing Down
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | DL
| Drifted Left
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | NC
| Nice Correction
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | S
| Settle
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | LRWD
| Landed Right Wing Down
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | DN
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Dropped Nose
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | ND
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Nose Down
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | SD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Spotted Deck
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | LNF
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Landed Nose First
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | DR
| Drifted Right
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | NEA
| Not Enough Attitude
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | SHT
| Ship's Turn
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | ^
| Over the Top
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | DU
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Deck up
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | NEP
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Not Enough Power
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | SKD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Skid
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | EG
| Eased Gun
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | NERD
| Not Enough Rate of Descent
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | SLO
| Slow
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" |
|
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | F
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Fast
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | NERR
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Not Enough Right Rudder
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | SRD
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Stopped Rate of Descent
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | FD
| Fouled Deck
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | NESA
| Not Enough Straight Away
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | ST
| Steep Turn
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" |
|
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | GLI
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Gliding Approach
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | NH
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | No Hook
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | TCA
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Too Close Abeam
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" |
| style="background-color:#accf40;" |
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | H
| High
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | NSU
| Not Set Up
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" | TMA
| Too Much Attitude
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="text-align: center;" |
|
|}

----
=== Case 2 Landing ===

Case 2 recoveries (landings) are in practice a weird (Frankenstein) mix of both Case 1 and Case 3 landings, so we advise you familiarise yourself with these cases first and then come back to the Case 2 recoveries.

----

=== Case 3 Landing ===

<gallery widths=400px heights=400px>
File:Case 3 landing pattern.png|Case 1 Landing Pattern
File:IFLOLS diagram.png|thumb|right|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_landing_system#Improved_fresnel_lens_optical_landing_system_(IFLOLS)| IFLOLS]
</gallery>

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="5" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Case 3 Communication
|-
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | #
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Location
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Pilot Action
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Messages
| style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Frequency
|-
| 1
| 17000 ft, 75+ DME
Outside of CCA (~50 nm)
| Ask permission from Red Crown to enter.
| Pilot: [Red Crown, 118, Mother's 250 for 75, Angels 17] <br />

Red Crown: [118, Sweet/Sweet, contact Strike on Button 3]
| Button 4,
256.000 AM
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 2
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 16000 ft, 55 DME
Inside CCA (~ 50 nm), outside
Marshall Area (10 nm)
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Ask permission from Strike to enter.
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot: [Strike, 118, flight of 1, Mother's 250 for 55, Angels 12] <br />
Pilot: [State 5.4, no Alibis] <br />

Strike: [118, Sweet/Sweet, Mother is IMC, Case 3] <br />
Strike: [Contact Marshall on Button 2] <br />
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Button 3,
265.000 AM
|-
| 3
| 14000 ft, 52 DME
| Ask for assigned stack from Marshall:
Stack is given on radial 082, 22 nm <br />
behind the carrier and at 7000 ft.

Marshall also gives other key <br /> information (write it down!)
| Pilot: [Marshall, 118, 250 for 52, Angels 14, State 5.3]

Marshall: [118, Mother's weather is 600 overcast, visibility 3 miles, altimeter 29.87] <br />
Marshall: [Case 3 recovery, Marshall on the 082, 22, angels 7.] <br />

Marshall: [Expected Final Bearing 262, <br /> Expected approach time 22, Approach button 18] <br />

Pilot: [118, Altimeter 29.87, Marshall on the 082, 22, angels 7. Expected approach
time 22.]
| Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 4
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 7000 ft, in holding pattern
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot has established holding pattern <br /> at 7000 ft: gives fuel state for Marshall to keep track off
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot: [118, established angels 7. State 5.1]
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| 5
| All flights
| Marshall constantly updates all flights with <br /> new info: bearing, visibility, altimeter QFH
| Marshall: [118, altimeter 29.88. New final bearing is 265]
| Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 6
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 7000 ft, leaving holding pattern
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot notifies Marshall the descent <br />
from holding pattern has begun, <br />
states altimeter setting +
fuel state
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot: [118, Commencing, 29.88, state 4.8]
Marshall: [118, roger]
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| 7
| 5000 ft (platform),
descending
| Pilot notifies Marshall he is passing
5000 ft (platform)
| Pilot: [118, platform]
| Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 8
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 1200 - 5000 ft, descend
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Marshall hands pilot off to approach
(can happen before reaching platform!)
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Pilot: [118, checking in, state 4.6]
Marshall: [118, switch button 18]
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Button 2,
264.000 AM
|-
| 9
| 1200 - 5000 ft, descending
| Pilot checks in with approach: pilot may <br />
be asked to dirty up earlier / later to <br />
match correct landing intervals
| Pilot: [118, checking in, state 4.5]
Marshall: [118, final bearing 262]
| Button 18,
251.000 AM
|-
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 10
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | 1200 ft,
around 4 -8 nm DME
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | When ACLS is acquired, <br />
approach asks what ACLS ('needles') is showing. <br />

If unsatisfactory, new lock will be tried: <br />
if no lock approach will tell pilot to
fly ICLS ('bullseye')
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Approach: [118, say needles] <br />
Pilot: [405, fly up, on] <br />
Approach: [118, fly your needles] <br />

OR

Approach: [118, fly bullseye]
| style="background-color:#accf40;" | Button 18,
251.000 AM
|-
| 11
| 800 ft,
3/4 mile
| LSO chimes in
| LSO: [3/4 mile, Call The Ball] <br />
Pilot: [118, tomcat/hornet, ball/clara, state, auto*] <br />
LSO: [Roger Ball]
| Button 18, 251.000 AM
|}

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
! colspan="3" style="background-color:#f8a102;" | Case 3 Landing Pattern
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Pattern
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color:#f8a102;" | Step
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | A
| colspan="2" | Marshall stack: starting at 6000 ft, with increments of 1000 ftfor each flight / package
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | B
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#accf40;" | Platform, passing 5000 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | C
| colspan="2" | 10 miles DME, 600 ft, commence landing descent
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | D
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#accf40;" | 6 miles DME, maintain 1200 ft ACLS (Automated Carrier Landing System)[1]
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | E
| colspan="2" | 1.5 miles DME, 600 ft, commence landing descent
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | F
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#accf40;" | 1 mile DME, 400 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | G
| colspan="2" | 3/4 mile DME, call the ballside number, tomcat/hornet, ball/clara[2], fuelstate[3], (auto[4])
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | H
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#accf40;" | 1/2 mile DME, 200 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | I
| colspan="2" | Wave off on Final Heading, climb to 1200 ft
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | J
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#accf40;" | Turn to downwind heading, using 10% speed G-turn
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | K
| colspan="2" | Maintain 1200 ft and on speed AOA, flaps/slats/gear/hook down
|-
| style="text-align: center; background-color:#accf40;" | L
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#accf40;" | Turn into Final Heading via 18 ~ 22 degree bank turn
|-
| colspan="2" style="background-color:#000000;" |
| style="background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right;" | Speedbrake / ACLS [1]
| As desired
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right; background-color:#f8ff00;" | Clara [2]
| style="background-color:#f8ff00;" | Ball is obscured, LSO will give instructions
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right;" | Fuelstate [3]
| Remaining fuel in thousands of pounds:5100 pounds -> 5.1
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: right; background-color:#f8ff00;" | Auto [4]
| style="background-color:#f8ff00;" | Auto throttle is engaged
|}

----

== References ==

[https://www.cnatra.navy.mil/local/docs/pat-pubs/P-816.pdf US Navy Carrier Case 1/2/3 PDF File]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2yEt9QC5ltg&feature=youtu.be Aircraft Carrier Communications, two hours worth of carrier radio chatter]

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Peripherals Guide

2019-01-20T02:41:50Z

Nanne118: /* Joysticks */

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__TOC__

==Head Trackers: Short intro==

[[File:6DOF en.jpg|thumb|right]]

Headtrackers are optional however after using them many players swear by them and would rather fly with a crap stick than give theirs up, thanks to the added benefit of having the '''ability to look around simply by moving your head'''.

Most headtrackers work by detecting a pattern of IR lights, which are then converted into the various head movements. We typically classify these movements as 6-DOF (Degrees of Freedom), i.e. the six axis in which you can move your head (registered by the headtracker): X- (horizontal, side to side), Y- (vertical, up and down), Z- (zoom, forwards and backwards) movement, as well as X, Y, Z roll (i.e. tilting or twisting your head).

This movement is received by what is for all intents and purposes a (modified) webcam, typically placed on top of your screen. This webcam is following (tracking) a pattern of InfraRed (IR) lights and using these to decipher what your head is doing to represent this head movement in-game (albeit amplified, so you can still look at your screen). For this the webcam needs to have its infrared filter removed: infrared is invisible to the human eye and most cameras use a filter to block it out (as heatsources such as the sun radiate infrared waves and would thus overexpose the camera with light).

Once the filter is removed you can now follow a series of IR lights (placed in a pattern) to track the head movement: to still be able to look at your screen the actual head movement is amplified in the game (with your own set curves, in your headtracking software of choice). It is worth noting that the actual resolution and precision comes mainly from the camera (although the software also plays a role) and rarely has to do with the pattern of IR lights attached to your headset / hat (head).

----

=== Headtracking hardware ===

Below we have listed the 3 premiere headtracking solutions that people use:

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Delanclip.jpg|none|alt=Alt text|DelanClip
File:Trackir.jpg|thumb|TrackIR by Natural Point
File:Freetrack hat.jpg|thumb|A Freetrack IR hat build
</gallery>

====Delanclip====

[https://https://delanengineering.com/ Delanclip] is a low cost solution that uses 3 IR LEDs attached to a metal bracket that attaches to your headset (instead of Trackhat which as the name implies attaches to a hat or cap). It rivals the performance provided by TrackIR itself (being just shy in tracking quality, [https://delanengineering.com/manual/facetracknoir/ although a bit more difficult to setup but with an excellent guide]), with no discernable performance drawback in bright light environments. For the price (costs around 40 EUR) vs. performance it offers it beats out TrackIR, and as such offers a good head tracking beginner set. Delanclip also manufactures a wireless clip that removes the need to be anchored to the PC via an USB wire providing power, supposedly delivering up to 8 hours of head tracking on a battery charge.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://delanengineering.com/products/ Delanclip Overview]</div> (approximately 40 EUR)

====TrackIR (by Natural Point)====

TrackIR is a commercial solution by [https://www.amazon.com/TrackIr-Optical-Tracking-System-Bundle/dp/B00KQPETHO/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1547843565&sr=8-2&keywords=trackir+5 Natural Point Inc]. It is the most costly of all the head tracking options but is also quite simple to install and has a large (the largest) selection of games that natively support it, thanks to being the most well established head tracking solution on the market.

TrackIR is also a great option because it has a processor built in to the tracking unit, which means that all data processing and head movement translation calculating is done on the device itself: this means there is no performance hit on your system as this data is streamed into the TrackIR software. Other systems such as Delanclip and Trackhat instead calculate these values on the PC itself via their software, which means there is a (minor) performance hit (somewhere around 0 ~ 5%) as the system has to allocate resources to calculate these values.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0029M6VKA/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B0029M6VKA&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=7780c93e19219802aaf7bb10d8795a77 Get Prices on a trackIR v5]</div> (Generally speaking they run around $120 - $150)

====TrackHat====

[https://trackhat.org TrackHat] is a middle ground option between DIY solutions such as FreeTrack, and the premium head tracking such as TrackIR. TrackHat utilises a bespoke version of OpenTrack and 3D printed clips along with pre-configured PS3 Eye cameras to provide exceptional tracking for the price (around £35 GBP). While not as good as TrackIR (TrackHat suffers a bit when you have a bright background) it certainly has more bang for buck and is a perfect starter head tracking solution.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://trackhat.org/shop/ Get Prices on TrackHat]</div> (around $40 for everything you need)

----

===Headtracking software===

<br />

====FaceTrackNOIR====
[http://facetracknoir.sourceforge.net/ FaceTrackNOIR] is an open source software solution using off the shelf hardware. But instead of tracking a cap / headset with 3 known points it uses facial recognition to follow the players face, thus allowing it to work standalone (in theory). This method has the lowest cost of entry (as you only need a basic webcam), however it is the least accurate and some users have issues getting it to work. Your mileage may vary.

====FaceTrackNOIR PointTracker Plugin====
[http://ftnoirpt.sourceforge.net/ FTNoIR PointTracker] is an open source addition to the FaceTrackNOIR system. Instead of using facial recognition, this plugin uses 3 point tracking similar to FreeTrack. FTNoIR PointTracker was developed as a stable alternative to FreeTrack (which has stability issues on some newer systems and does not appear to be actively developed anymore).

[[Configuring FTNoIR PointTracker]]

====OpenTrack====
[https://github.com/opentrack/opentrack/wiki OpenTrack] is the newest contender in the Headtracking software world and is an open-source piece of software (actively developed on Github). Although not as thoroughly vetted as FaceTrackNOIR (+ PointTracker plugin) or the TrackIR software, it does show great promise and we have heard a number of optimistic user stories about it, so feel free to give it a go!

====FreeTrack====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeTrack FreeTrack] is an open source head tracking application using off the shelf hardware. It performs equally as well as TrackIR when properly configured for a fraction of the cost. However, assembly of the LED model requires soldering/electronics skills and the initial configuration can be time consuming. Additionally, a webcam must be permanently modified by removing its internal IR filter, and should be factored into cost. Overall FreeTrack is a cheaper "Do It Yourself" alternative to TrackIR.

See our guide for [[Building a Freetrack Rig]].

----

==Joysticks and throttles==

===HOTAS===

HOTAS refers to Hands-On-Throttle-And-Stick and basically means a combination of Joystick and Throttle: this acronym is used to denote the use of both and a number of controls on these devices so that the pilots do not have to move their hands off of these devices to access most of the functionality within their airplane.

The throttle is used for applying power to the engines (i.e. going faster or slower), whilst the joystick can be used to pitch the plane up and down (i.e. make it climb or make it dive), as well as rolling the airplane from left to right (called "banking"). Some joysticks features a twist grip, that allows you to control the rudders (or turn) via twisting your wrist: the use of the twist grip is controversial as it is not very accurate for turning and you may inadvertently twist-turn your aircraft.

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Thrustmaster Launches the HOTAS WARTHOG Joystick.jpg|thumb|Thrustmaster Warthog HOTAS
File:T16K.jpg|thumb|Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS
File:X56 rhino.jpg|thumb|Saitek X56 Rhino
File:X52pro.png|thumb|Saitek X52 Pro
File:X52.jpg|thumb|Saitek X52 (Non-Pro)
</gallery>

====Thrustmaster HOTAS Warthog====

The [https://www.amazon.com/ThrustMaster-2960720-Thrustmaster-Hotas-Warthog/dp/B00371R8P4/ref=sr_1_3?s=electronics&ie=UTF8&qid=1547845184&sr=1-3&keywords=Thrustmaster+HOTAS+Warthog Thrustmaster HOTAS Warthog] is the premiere [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HOTAS HOTAS] joystick and throttle for DCS: it was modeled from the real stick and throttle from the A-10C (in turn based on the F-16 HOTAS) and is solidly constructed from metal (weighing in at a whopping 14 pounds). It also boasts a large number of buttons, HAT switches (4-/5-way buttons) and other controls, as well as the use of (low wear) high precision sensors that will keep the stick going for decades. You can expect to pay between $450 to $500 USD for one new, making it a rather expensive peripheral: however it is a quality piece of hardware (for the most part). Used Warthogs can be found for around $350 to $400 however they sell quickly.

The (perceived by some) flaws of the Warthog HOTAS (those being the lubrication used in the gimbal, which is the moving part the stick attaches to, and the slew sensor itself) can be remedied if the user is willing to spent some time and money. [https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=warthog+stiction A number of youtube videos can be found on sanding the gimbal smooth and regreasing it with more appropriate grease], though a gimbal replacement from VKB or Virpil can also be purchased to replace the original gimbal but retain the quality joystick. A replacement slew sensor can be purchased [https://deltasimelectronics.com/ from Delta Sim if you find the original knob mouse sensor to be lacking in precision.]

Overall the Warthog HOTAS is of high quality construction and will do you favor for many years to come, but nothing is perfect and some people may wish to mod their HOTAS to remove these perceived flaws.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B004I5XB4K/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B004I5XB4K&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=2698f883ab4af722f4e2c84c6529b970 Get Prices on a HOTAS Warthog]</div> You can also just get the stick or throttles separately if you find a good used deal.

<br />

====Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas====
The [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Thrustmaster-T-16000M-FCS-Hotas-PC/dp/B01H6KXGDY Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas] is arguably one of the best bang for buck HOTAS systems one can buy, and is a definite recommendation for any aspiring fighter pilot! Like the Warthog HOTAS the T.16K uses high precision sensors in its construction, which means that this HOTAS too will suit your for years. This HOTAS is well suited for most fighter combat games, but it may require some effort on your part in regards to the binding and mapping of functions. It does however feature a twist rudder on the joystick itself, so you do not need to get rudder pedals with this HOTAS.

As this HOTAS is in a lower price class than the aforementioned Warthog HOTAS it does not features as many functions: this means you are missing out on some buttons, switches and controls compared to most other HOTAS'. Most notably this HOTAS does not have split throttles (so you cannot control left and right engines seperately, without a modifier) and the stick itself only has a singular HAT switch on it, which makes controlling planes with more complex systems (such as the F/A-18C and A-10C) a bit more complex. However, both of these gripes can be resolved through the use of modifiers: binding a key/button to press and hold so that all other keys / buttons can be assigned to other functions when this modifier key / button is pressed.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/ThrustMaster-2960778-Thrustmaster-T16000M-HOTAS/dp/B01KCHPRXA Get Prices on the Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas]</div> You can also just get the stick or throttle separately if you find a good used deal

<br />

====Saitek X56====

The Saitek X56 is a middle segment HOTAS that offers a good price vs performance package, though it is marketed with a focus on space simulators. In practice all this means is that instead of having another button or 4-way HAT on the stick thumb position, it instead has a analogue slew lever (that can be used to control the thrusters in space sims).

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/Logitech-Throttle-Simulation-Controller-Gaming/dp/B079P6SSHP/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=x55&qid=1547863503&sr=8-1 Get Prices on Saitek X56]</div>

====Saitek X52 and X52 Pro====
The middle of the road joysticks and the most recommended by players. The non Pro variant can be obtained for about $100 new with the Pro version clocking in at around $130. The Pro is constructed from better materials and is the currently manufactured model. For players on a budget it is recommended to find one of these used either locally, on eBay, or through the Amazon Used listings. Profiles are widely available that closely reproduce the control scheme of the real joystick.

You can find a profile thanks to [http://www.reddit.com/user/Ironystrike Iron] [here]; details for each aircraft with his profile can be found [http://wiki.hoggit.us/view/Joystick_Profiles here].

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LZ1MQTL/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LZ1MQTL&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=b3432e9f6ecd145c9cd9b1469aaae968 Get Prices on an X-52 PRO]</div> - About $50 more but much higher build quality

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LY285ZH/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LY285ZH&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=51b9c21a9d5ac0def659bce4eb274a46Get Prices on an X-52 PRO]</div> - Tried and true, still in service among many Hoggiteers, no easier way to get fully into the sim.

==Joysticks==

Most joysticks described in the previous HOTAS chapter can be bought separately instead of in a HOTAS pack (for if you want a different throttle or already have one), but some joysticks can only be bought seperately: sometimes even without the gimbal / base, so you are buying a seperate grip to add to your already bought joystick base / gimbal.

We will only describe Joysticks / Grips not already previously covered, as there would be not much point going over the joysticks (bought seperately) from the HOTAS sets. Do note you can mix and match most joysticks and throttles to your heart's content: for example using a T.16000 throttle and a Warthog Stick is a perfectly valid combination. Find whatever works for you! :)

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Kosmosima.jpg|thumb|VKB Kosmosima Grip
File:VKB Modern Combat Grip.jpg|thumb|VKB Modern Combat Grip (MCG)
File:Virpil VPC MongoosT-50.png|thumb|Virpil VPC MongoosT-50 Grip
File:Virpil VPC Constellation Delta.png|thumb|Virpil VPC Constellation Delta Grip
</gallery>

==Throttles==

==Rudder Pedals==
[[File:61MPZbU0SZL. AA1280 .jpg|thumb|Saitek Pro Flight Rudder Pedals]]
Depending on who you talk to rudder pedals are completely optional. However if you buy a joystick that does not have a twist axis for rudder control you will need a pair for control.

====Saitek Pro Flight Rudder Pedals====
These are generally well reviewed and come in at around $100 USD from many online retailers. They are an all plastic construction and connect via USB.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LYPMTPT/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LYPMTPT&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=1eef4d66a2c45efb4f05f801878c83ec Get Prices on PRO Flight series pedals]</div>

====Saitek PRO Flight Combat Rudder Pedals ====
These are similar to the above but better constructed with metal instead of plastic. They do however run a fair bit more at around $170 USD.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B005CMOV06/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B005CMOV06&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=fd21edc999ae8caefabcc223702fd846 Get Prices on Flight Combat series pedals]</div>

====CH PRODUCTS Pro Pedals====
These pedals are also well reviewed and may be better constructed than the Saitek Pro Flight pedals. They also run around $100 USD.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0000512IE/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B0000512IE&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=5cfb1535cbfa45eb20321c7aa82817ff Get prices on CH Products Pro's]</div>

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File:Virpil VPC MongoosT-50.png

2019-01-20T02:23:24Z

Nanne118:

File:Virpil VPC Constellation Delta.png

2019-01-20T02:19:45Z

Nanne118:

File:VKB Modern Combat Grip.jpg

2019-01-20T02:16:20Z

Nanne118:

Threat Database

2019-01-19T21:57:52Z

Nanne118: added symbology overview

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[[File:SA-6 'KUB' missile system exercise!.jpg|thumb|SA-6 Kub]]

The DCS universe is full of things that are constantly trying to kill you. In some cases, such as [[DCS: Black Shark]], even your very own aircraft wants nothing more than to introduce you to the ground with maximum prejudice. In other cases, the threats you will encounter are proper anti-aircraft platforms, and that's what is covered here.

It helps to get an idea of what's out there. You should know when it's okay to dirty yourself when you hear ''BEEP! BEEP BEEP!'' come from your [[RWR]] vs. when it's safe to turn music back up. A [[SA-13 Gopher]] isn't much of a threat when you're 20,000 AGL, but if you see an [[SA-10 Grumble]] or one of its radars pop up on your green screen, well, it's probably a good time to call the wife and kids and tell them you might be stuck at the office for a while.

__TOC__

[[File:RWR table horz.PNG|thumb|600px|Basic symbology overview]]

<br />

==Symbology Overview==

Here is a list of symbology that can be found on most modern (Western) fighters: note that the Russian planes may make use of a different RWR system that does not use these symbols. Note that the symbols denote critical differences between various threats: an American F-15C jet aircraft will have the same symbol ('15') as a Russian SA-15 Tor SAM system.

==Surface to Air Missile Systems (SAMs)==

{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Ground
Threat
Guide
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Threat
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | NATO
Code
! rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | RWR
IDENT
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Tracking type
! rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Gun
Ammo
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Missile
Amount
! rowspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Speed
(mach)
! colspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Range (nm)
! style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Radar
(nm)
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Acquire
Time
(sec.)
! colspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Altitude (ft)
! rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Danger
(1~10)
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Min
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Max
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Max
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Min
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#f56b00;" | Max
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000; color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="7" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | AAA
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2K22M Tunguska
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-19
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-S6.PNG|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP, RAD, LSR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1936
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 8x SACLOS
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2/4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0 / 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 16000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 5
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | Flk. Pnz. Gepard
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | A
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 660
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | M163 VADS
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2280
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ZPU-1/2/4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 50 - 4800
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.7
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 1
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ZSU-23-4 Shilka
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | A
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1.3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 12
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ZSU-57-2 Sparka
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 254
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 14000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
|-
| style="font-size:12px;" | Zu-23-3 Sergey
| style="font-size:12px;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px;" |
| style="font-size:12px;" | OP
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px;" |
| style="font-size:12px;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px;" | 1.3
| style="font-size:12px;" |
| style="font-size:12px;" | 4
| style="font-size:12px;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px;" | 6500
| style="font-size:12px;" | 1
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="3" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MPD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3K38 Igla
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-18
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.25
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 12000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9K338 Igla-S
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-24
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.25
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 12000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | FIM-92 Stinger
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 11000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000; color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="8" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SHORAD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 9A33 Osa
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-8
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-8.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 16
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 26
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 50
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 21000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | Strela-1 9P31
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-9
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 12000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 6
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 9K35 Strela-10
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-13
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-13.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 75
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 15000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9K331 Tor
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-15
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-15.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 8x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.8
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 6.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 16
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 60
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 26000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 7
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Jeep Avenger ADS
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP, IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 180
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 8x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3.7
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 11000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | M6 Linebacker
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP, IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 1500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 11000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MIM-115 Roland
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RO
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 10x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3.4
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 5.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 11
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 30
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 19500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 6
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | MIM-72G Chaparral
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x IR
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 0.1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 2.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 150
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9500
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 5
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="5" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MERAD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S-75 Devina
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-2
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 02
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 25
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | S-215 Goa
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-3
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-3.PNG|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 13.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 40
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 21
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 700
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 33000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 5
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 2K12 Kub
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-6
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-6.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 0.5
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 19.2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 47
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 28
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 33000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9K37 Buk
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-11
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-11.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-SD.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | OP, RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 20.2
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 90
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 26
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 450
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 45000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 8
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MIM-23 Hawk
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | HA, HK
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 25.6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 12
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 450
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 45000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 7
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000; color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="2" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | LORAD
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S-300PS
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-10.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-BB.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-CS.png|50px]]
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | OP, RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 40
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 160
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 3
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 50
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 150000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 10
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | MIM-104 Patriot
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 4x RAD
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 1.6
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 86
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 92
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 200
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 80000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 10
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="11" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | TGT RAD*
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | P-19 Flat Face
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-3
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | FF
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Often part of SA-3, but can also guide others
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 85
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SNR-125 Low Blow
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-3
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-3 Missile guidance radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 22
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1S91 Straight Flush
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-6
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-6 Target acquisition and tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9S80M1 Dog Ear
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-9
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | DE
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-9, SA-13, ZSU-23-4 support radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 20
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 5N66M Clam Shell
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-CS.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10 TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 64
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 64H6E Big Bird
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-10
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-BB.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-10 TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 160
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 30N6E Flap Lid
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | [[File:RWR-10.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | SA-10 Target tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 9S18M1 Snow Drift
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-11
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | [[File:RWR-SD.png|50px]]
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | SA-11 TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 86
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Roland Radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RO
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Roland TGT RDR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 16
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | AN/MPQ-46 HPIR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | HA
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | MIM-23 Hawk Target tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | AN/MPQ-53
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | HK
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | MIM-104 Patriot acquisition and tracking radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| rowspan="5" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | EWR / ACQR
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 1L13 Box Spring
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Early Warning / Surveillance Radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 160
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 130000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 55G6 Tall Rack
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | Early Warning / Surveillance Radar
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 215
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 130000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | P-37 Bar Lock
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 210
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | PRW-11 Side Net
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" | 100000
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#accc4f;" |
|-
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | RSP-7 Two Spot
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="text-align: center; font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | S
| colspan="6" style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | 20
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | ?
| style="font-size:12px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" |
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;; background-color:#000000;" |
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Types: OP = optical, RAD = radar, LSR = laser,
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Missile reload time for units supplied with logistical facilities (supply trucks, friendly bases) is approx. 10 minutes
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Target radars (often) boost (radar) range and reaction time of the default vehicle: you could still be locked with the launchers own radar / optics
|-
| colspan="15" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;;" | Vehicles that do not use radar for guidance may still use it for ranging and target detection (SA-13, SA-19)
|}

<br />
<br />

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range (nm)
! scope="col" | Max range (nm)
! scope="col" | Min Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Max Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Speed (Mach)
! scope="col" | Armament
! scope="col" | Threat Level
|-
|| '''[[SA-3 Goa]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-125 S-125 Nyeva]
|| [[File:RWR-3.PNG|50px]]
|| 3.24
|| 13.5
|| 300
|| 82,200
|| 3+
|| 4
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-6 Gainful]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA_6 3M9 Kub/Kvadrat]
|| [[File:RWR-6.png|50px]]
|| 2.16
|| 13
||
|| 46,000
|| 2.8
|| 3
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-8 Gecko]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-8 9K33 Osa]
|| [[File:RWR-8.png|50px]]
|| 0.8
|| 5.4
|| 80
|| 19,700
||
|| 6
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[SA-9 Gaskin]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-9 9K21 Strela-1]
|| N/A (IR Guidance)
|| 0.43
|| 2.27
|| 100
|| 11,500
|| 1.8
|| 4
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[SA-10 Grumble]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-10 S-300]
|| [[File:RWR-10.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-BB.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-CS.png|50px]]
||
|| 25.4
||
|| 98,500
|| 6
|| 4
|| '''Extreme'''
|-
|| '''[[SA-11 Gadfly]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-11 9K37 Buk]
|| [[File:RWR-11.png|50px]] [[File:RWR-SD.png|50px]]
|| 2
|| 13
||
|| 39,400
|| 2.8
|| 4
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-13 Gopher]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-13 9K35 Strela-10]
|| [[File:RWR-13.png|50px]]
|| 0.1
|| 2.7
|| 30
|| 11,500
|| 1.6
|| 4
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[SA-15 Gauntlet]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-15 9K330 Tor]
|| [[File:RWR-15.png|50px]]
|| 0.54
|| 6.5
||
|| 19,700
|| 2.7
|| 8
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-18 Grouse]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K38_Igla 9K38 Igla]
|| N/A (IR Guidance - MANPAD)
|| N/A
|| 2.8
||
|| 9,800
||
|| 1
|| High
|-
|| '''[[SA-19 Grison]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-19 9K22 Tunguska]
|| [[File:RWR-S6.PNG|50px]]
|| 0.8
|| 6.5
||
|| 19,700
||
|| 8
|| Moderate
|}

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==Missiles==

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range (nm)
! scope="col" | Max range (nm)
! scope="col" | Min Altitude
! scope="col" | Max Altitude
! scope="col" | Speed (Mach)
! scope="col" | Armament
! scope="col" | Threat Level

|-
|| '''[[R-24R]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-23_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 10.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-24T]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-23_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 10.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-27ER]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 37.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| High
|-
|| '''[[R-27ET]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 37.8
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| High
|-
|| '''[[R-27R]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 27
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-27T]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 21.6
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2.5
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-60]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-60_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 2.7
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2
|| High Explosive
|| Moderate
|-
|| '''[[R-73]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-73_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 8.09
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2.5
|| High Explosive
|| Very High
|-
|| '''[[R-77]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-77_(missile) link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 31.07
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| High Explosive
|| Very High

|}

===NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range (nm)
! scope="col" | Max range (nm)
! scope="col" | Min Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Max Altitude (ft)
! scope="col" | Speed (Mach)
! scope="col" | Armament (Warhead Type)
! scope="col" | Threat Level
|-
|| '''[[AIM-120B]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-120_AMRAAM link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 29.71
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 4
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|-
|| '''[[AIM-120C]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-120_AMRAAM link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 29.71
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 4
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|-
|| '''[[AIM-7M]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-7_Sparrow link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 24.31
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 3
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|-
|| '''[[AIM-9M]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-9_Sidewinder link]
|| N/A
|| 0.25
|| 9.71
|| N/A
|| N/A
|| 2.5
|| Blast-Fragmentation
|| Very High

|}

==Aircraft==

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Min Range
! scope="col" | Max range
! scope="col" | Min Altitude
! scope="col" | Max Altitude
! scope="col" | Speed
! scope="col" | Armament
|-
|| '''[[shell]]'''
|| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-125 link]
|| [[File:RWR-3.PNG|50px]]
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK
|| UNK

|}

==Airspace Surveillance==

===Non-NATO===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
|-
! scope="col" | NATO Designation
! scope="col" | Platform
! scope="col" | RWR Symbol(s)
! scope="col" | Flexibility
! scope="col" | Max detection range
! scope="col" | Min Altitude
! scope="col" | Max Altitude
|-
|| '''[[Dog Ear]]'''
|| 1S80 "Sborka" PPRU
|| [[File:RWR-DE.png|50px]]
|| self-propelled
|| 80 km
|| UNK
|| UNK
|-
|| UNK
|| 55G6-1 NEBO
|| [[File:RWR-S.png|50px]]
|| stationary deployable
|| 500 km
|| UNK
|| 40 km
|-
|| '''[[Box Spring]]'''
|| 1L13-3 NEBO-SV
|| [[File:RWR-S.png|50px]]
|| stationary deployable
|| 500 km
|| UNK
|| 40 km

|}

File:RWR table horz.PNG

2019-01-19T21:50:16Z

Nanne118:

Peripherals Guide

2019-01-19T02:48:52Z

Nanne118: /* HOTAS */

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__TOC__

==Head Trackers: Short intro==

[[File:6DOF en.jpg|thumb|right]]

Headtrackers are optional however after using them many players swear by them and would rather fly with a crap stick than give theirs up, thanks to the added benefit of having the '''ability to look around simply by moving your head'''.

Most headtrackers work by detecting a pattern of IR lights, which are then converted into the various head movements. We typically classify these movements as 6-DOF (Degrees of Freedom), i.e. the six axis in which you can move your head (registered by the headtracker): X- (horizontal, side to side), Y- (vertical, up and down), Z- (zoom, forwards and backwards) movement, as well as X, Y, Z roll (i.e. tilting or twisting your head).

This movement is received by what is for all intents and purposes a (modified) webcam, typically placed on top of your screen. This webcam is following (tracking) a pattern of InfraRed (IR) lights and using these to decipher what your head is doing to represent this head movement in-game (albeit amplified, so you can still look at your screen). For this the webcam needs to have its infrared filter removed: infrared is invisible to the human eye and most cameras use a filter to block it out (as heatsources such as the sun radiate infrared waves and would thus overexpose the camera with light).

Once the filter is removed you can now follow a series of IR lights (placed in a pattern) to track the head movement: to still be able to look at your screen the actual head movement is amplified in the game (with your own set curves, in your headtracking software of choice). It is worth noting that the actual resolution and precision comes mainly from the camera (although the software also plays a role) and rarely has to do with the pattern of IR lights attached to your headset / hat (head).

----

=== Headtracking hardware ===

Below we have listed the 3 premiere headtracking solutions that people use:

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Delanclip.jpg|none|alt=Alt text|DelanClip
File:Trackir.jpg|thumb|TrackIR by Natural Point
File:Freetrack hat.jpg|thumb|A Freetrack IR hat build
</gallery>

====Delanclip====

[https://https://delanengineering.com/ Delanclip] is a low cost solution that uses 3 IR LEDs attached to a metal bracket that attaches to your headset (instead of Trackhat which as the name implies attaches to a hat or cap). It rivals the performance provided by TrackIR itself (being just shy in tracking quality, [https://delanengineering.com/manual/facetracknoir/ although a bit more difficult to setup but with an excellent guide]), with no discernable performance drawback in bright light environments. For the price (costs around 40 EUR) vs. performance it offers it beats out TrackIR, and as such offers a good head tracking beginner set. Delanclip also manufactures a wireless clip that removes the need to be anchored to the PC via an USB wire providing power, supposedly delivering up to 8 hours of head tracking on a battery charge.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://delanengineering.com/products/ Delanclip Overview]</div> (approximately 40 EUR)

====TrackIR (by Natural Point)====

TrackIR is a commercial solution by [https://www.amazon.com/TrackIr-Optical-Tracking-System-Bundle/dp/B00KQPETHO/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1547843565&sr=8-2&keywords=trackir+5 Natural Point Inc]. It is the most costly of all the head tracking options but is also quite simple to install and has a large (the largest) selection of games that natively support it, thanks to being the most well established head tracking solution on the market.

TrackIR is also a great option because it has a processor built in to the tracking unit, which means that all data processing and head movement translation calculating is done on the device itself: this means there is no performance hit on your system as this data is streamed into the TrackIR software. Other systems such as Delanclip and Trackhat instead calculate these values on the PC itself via their software, which means there is a (minor) performance hit (somewhere around 0 ~ 5%) as the system has to allocate resources to calculate these values.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0029M6VKA/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B0029M6VKA&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=7780c93e19219802aaf7bb10d8795a77 Get Prices on a trackIR v5]</div> (Generally speaking they run around $120 - $150)

====TrackHat====

[https://trackhat.org TrackHat] is a middle ground option between DIY solutions such as FreeTrack, and the premium head tracking such as TrackIR. TrackHat utilises a bespoke version of OpenTrack and 3D printed clips along with pre-configured PS3 Eye cameras to provide exceptional tracking for the price (around £35 GBP). While not as good as TrackIR (TrackHat suffers a bit when you have a bright background) it certainly has more bang for buck and is a perfect starter head tracking solution.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://trackhat.org/shop/ Get Prices on TrackHat]</div> (around $40 for everything you need)

----

===Headtracking software===

<br />

====FaceTrackNOIR====
[http://facetracknoir.sourceforge.net/ FaceTrackNOIR] is an open source software solution using off the shelf hardware. But instead of tracking a cap / headset with 3 known points it uses facial recognition to follow the players face, thus allowing it to work standalone (in theory). This method has the lowest cost of entry (as you only need a basic webcam), however it is the least accurate and some users have issues getting it to work. Your mileage may vary.

====FaceTrackNOIR PointTracker Plugin====
[http://ftnoirpt.sourceforge.net/ FTNoIR PointTracker] is an open source addition to the FaceTrackNOIR system. Instead of using facial recognition, this plugin uses 3 point tracking similar to FreeTrack. FTNoIR PointTracker was developed as a stable alternative to FreeTrack (which has stability issues on some newer systems and does not appear to be actively developed anymore).

[[Configuring FTNoIR PointTracker]]

====OpenTrack====
[https://github.com/opentrack/opentrack/wiki OpenTrack] is the newest contender in the Headtracking software world and is an open-source piece of software (actively developed on Github). Although not as thoroughly vetted as FaceTrackNOIR (+ PointTracker plugin) or the TrackIR software, it does show great promise and we have heard a number of optimistic user stories about it, so feel free to give it a go!

====FreeTrack====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeTrack FreeTrack] is an open source head tracking application using off the shelf hardware. It performs equally as well as TrackIR when properly configured for a fraction of the cost. However, assembly of the LED model requires soldering/electronics skills and the initial configuration can be time consuming. Additionally, a webcam must be permanently modified by removing its internal IR filter, and should be factored into cost. Overall FreeTrack is a cheaper "Do It Yourself" alternative to TrackIR.

See our guide for [[Building a Freetrack Rig]].

----

==Joysticks and throttles==

===HOTAS===

HOTAS refers to Hands-On-Throttle-And-Stick and basically means a combination of Joystick and Throttle: this acronym is used to denote the use of both and a number of controls on these devices so that the pilots do not have to move their hands off of these devices to access most of the functionality within their airplane.

The throttle is used for applying power to the engines (i.e. going faster or slower), whilst the joystick can be used to pitch the plane up and down (i.e. make it climb or make it dive), as well as rolling the airplane from left to right (called "banking"). Some joysticks features a twist grip, that allows you to control the rudders (or turn) via twisting your wrist: the use of the twist grip is controversial as it is not very accurate for turning and you may inadvertently twist-turn your aircraft.

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Thrustmaster Launches the HOTAS WARTHOG Joystick.jpg|thumb|Thrustmaster Warthog HOTAS
File:T16K.jpg|thumb|Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS
File:X56 rhino.jpg|thumb|Saitek X56 Rhino
File:X52pro.png|thumb|Saitek X52 Pro
File:X52.jpg|thumb|Saitek X52 (Non-Pro)
</gallery>

====Thrustmaster HOTAS Warthog====

The [https://www.amazon.com/ThrustMaster-2960720-Thrustmaster-Hotas-Warthog/dp/B00371R8P4/ref=sr_1_3?s=electronics&ie=UTF8&qid=1547845184&sr=1-3&keywords=Thrustmaster+HOTAS+Warthog Thrustmaster HOTAS Warthog] is the premiere [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HOTAS HOTAS] joystick and throttle for DCS: it was modeled from the real stick and throttle from the A-10C (in turn based on the F-16 HOTAS) and is solidly constructed from metal (weighing in at a whopping 14 pounds). It also boasts a large number of buttons, HAT switches (4-/5-way buttons) and other controls, as well as the use of (low wear) high precision sensors that will keep the stick going for decades. You can expect to pay between $450 to $500 USD for one new, making it a rather expensive peripheral: however it is a quality piece of hardware (for the most part). Used Warthogs can be found for around $350 to $400 however they sell quickly.

The (perceived by some) flaws of the Warthog HOTAS (those being the lubrication used in the gimbal, which is the moving part the stick attaches to, and the slew sensor itself) can be remedied if the user is willing to spent some time and money. [https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=warthog+stiction A number of youtube videos can be found on sanding the gimbal smooth and regreasing it with more appropriate grease], though a gimbal replacement from VKB or Virpil can also be purchased to replace the original gimbal but retain the quality joystick. A replacement slew sensor can be purchased [https://deltasimelectronics.com/ from Delta Sim if you find the original knob mouse sensor to be lacking in precision.]

Overall the Warthog HOTAS is of high quality construction and will do you favor for many years to come, but nothing is perfect and some people may wish to mod their HOTAS to remove these perceived flaws.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B004I5XB4K/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B004I5XB4K&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=2698f883ab4af722f4e2c84c6529b970 Get Prices on a HOTAS Warthog]</div> You can also just get the stick or throttles separately if you find a good used deal.

<br />

====Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas====
The [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Thrustmaster-T-16000M-FCS-Hotas-PC/dp/B01H6KXGDY Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas] is arguably one of the best bang for buck HOTAS systems one can buy, and is a definite recommendation for any aspiring fighter pilot! Like the Warthog HOTAS the T.16K uses high precision sensors in its construction, which means that this HOTAS too will suit your for years. This HOTAS is well suited for most fighter combat games, but it may require some effort on your part in regards to the binding and mapping of functions. It does however feature a twist rudder on the joystick itself, so you do not need to get rudder pedals with this HOTAS.

As this HOTAS is in a lower price class than the aforementioned Warthog HOTAS it does not features as many functions: this means you are missing out on some buttons, switches and controls compared to most other HOTAS'. Most notably this HOTAS does not have split throttles (so you cannot control left and right engines seperately, without a modifier) and the stick itself only has a singular HAT switch on it, which makes controlling planes with more complex systems (such as the F/A-18C and A-10C) a bit more complex. However, both of these gripes can be resolved through the use of modifiers: binding a key/button to press and hold so that all other keys / buttons can be assigned to other functions when this modifier key / button is pressed.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/ThrustMaster-2960778-Thrustmaster-T16000M-HOTAS/dp/B01KCHPRXA Get Prices on the Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas]</div> You can also just get the stick or throttle separately if you find a good used deal

<br />

====Saitek X56====

The Saitek X56 is a middle segment HOTAS that offers a good price vs performance package, though it is marketed with a focus on space simulators. In practice all this means is that instead of having another button or 4-way HAT on the stick thumb position, it instead has a analogue slew lever (that can be used to control the thrusters in space sims).

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/Logitech-Throttle-Simulation-Controller-Gaming/dp/B079P6SSHP/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=x55&qid=1547863503&sr=8-1 Get Prices on Saitek X56]</div>

====Saitek X52 and X52 Pro====
The middle of the road joysticks and the most recommended by players. The non Pro variant can be obtained for about $100 new with the Pro version clocking in at around $130. The Pro is constructed from better materials and is the currently manufactured model. For players on a budget it is recommended to find one of these used either locally, on eBay, or through the Amazon Used listings. Profiles are widely available that closely reproduce the control scheme of the real joystick.

You can find a profile thanks to [http://www.reddit.com/user/Ironystrike Iron] [here]; details for each aircraft with his profile can be found [http://wiki.hoggit.us/view/Joystick_Profiles here].

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LZ1MQTL/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LZ1MQTL&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=b3432e9f6ecd145c9cd9b1469aaae968 Get Prices on an X-52 PRO]</div> - About $50 more but much higher build quality

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LY285ZH/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LY285ZH&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=51b9c21a9d5ac0def659bce4eb274a46Get Prices on an X-52 PRO]</div> - Tried and true, still in service among many Hoggiteers, no easier way to get fully into the sim.

==Joysticks==

Most joysticks described in the previous HOTAS chapter can be bought separately instead of in a HOTAS pack (for if you want a different throttle or already have one), but some joysticks can only be bought seperately (and sometimes even without the gimbal / base).

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Kosmosima.jpg|thumb|right
</gallery>

==Throttles==

==Rudder Pedals==
[[File:61MPZbU0SZL. AA1280 .jpg|thumb|Saitek Pro Flight Rudder Pedals]]
Depending on who you talk to rudder pedals are completely optional. However if you buy a joystick that does not have a twist axis for rudder control you will need a pair for control.

====Saitek Pro Flight Rudder Pedals====
These are generally well reviewed and come in at around $100 USD from many online retailers. They are an all plastic construction and connect via USB.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LYPMTPT/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LYPMTPT&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=1eef4d66a2c45efb4f05f801878c83ec Get Prices on PRO Flight series pedals]</div>

====Saitek PRO Flight Combat Rudder Pedals ====
These are similar to the above but better constructed with metal instead of plastic. They do however run a fair bit more at around $170 USD.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B005CMOV06/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B005CMOV06&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=fd21edc999ae8caefabcc223702fd846 Get Prices on Flight Combat series pedals]</div>

====CH PRODUCTS Pro Pedals====
These pedals are also well reviewed and may be better constructed than the Saitek Pro Flight pedals. They also run around $100 USD.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0000512IE/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B0000512IE&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=5cfb1535cbfa45eb20321c7aa82817ff Get prices on CH Products Pro's]</div>

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Peripherals Guide

2019-01-19T02:48:12Z

Nanne118:

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__TOC__

==Head Trackers: Short intro==

[[File:6DOF en.jpg|thumb|right]]

Headtrackers are optional however after using them many players swear by them and would rather fly with a crap stick than give theirs up, thanks to the added benefit of having the '''ability to look around simply by moving your head'''.

Most headtrackers work by detecting a pattern of IR lights, which are then converted into the various head movements. We typically classify these movements as 6-DOF (Degrees of Freedom), i.e. the six axis in which you can move your head (registered by the headtracker): X- (horizontal, side to side), Y- (vertical, up and down), Z- (zoom, forwards and backwards) movement, as well as X, Y, Z roll (i.e. tilting or twisting your head).

This movement is received by what is for all intents and purposes a (modified) webcam, typically placed on top of your screen. This webcam is following (tracking) a pattern of InfraRed (IR) lights and using these to decipher what your head is doing to represent this head movement in-game (albeit amplified, so you can still look at your screen). For this the webcam needs to have its infrared filter removed: infrared is invisible to the human eye and most cameras use a filter to block it out (as heatsources such as the sun radiate infrared waves and would thus overexpose the camera with light).

Once the filter is removed you can now follow a series of IR lights (placed in a pattern) to track the head movement: to still be able to look at your screen the actual head movement is amplified in the game (with your own set curves, in your headtracking software of choice). It is worth noting that the actual resolution and precision comes mainly from the camera (although the software also plays a role) and rarely has to do with the pattern of IR lights attached to your headset / hat (head).

----

=== Headtracking hardware ===

Below we have listed the 3 premiere headtracking solutions that people use:

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Delanclip.jpg|none|alt=Alt text|DelanClip
File:Trackir.jpg|thumb|TrackIR by Natural Point
File:Freetrack hat.jpg|thumb|A Freetrack IR hat build
</gallery>

====Delanclip====

[https://https://delanengineering.com/ Delanclip] is a low cost solution that uses 3 IR LEDs attached to a metal bracket that attaches to your headset (instead of Trackhat which as the name implies attaches to a hat or cap). It rivals the performance provided by TrackIR itself (being just shy in tracking quality, [https://delanengineering.com/manual/facetracknoir/ although a bit more difficult to setup but with an excellent guide]), with no discernable performance drawback in bright light environments. For the price (costs around 40 EUR) vs. performance it offers it beats out TrackIR, and as such offers a good head tracking beginner set. Delanclip also manufactures a wireless clip that removes the need to be anchored to the PC via an USB wire providing power, supposedly delivering up to 8 hours of head tracking on a battery charge.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://delanengineering.com/products/ Delanclip Overview]</div> (approximately 40 EUR)

====TrackIR (by Natural Point)====

TrackIR is a commercial solution by [https://www.amazon.com/TrackIr-Optical-Tracking-System-Bundle/dp/B00KQPETHO/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1547843565&sr=8-2&keywords=trackir+5 Natural Point Inc]. It is the most costly of all the head tracking options but is also quite simple to install and has a large (the largest) selection of games that natively support it, thanks to being the most well established head tracking solution on the market.

TrackIR is also a great option because it has a processor built in to the tracking unit, which means that all data processing and head movement translation calculating is done on the device itself: this means there is no performance hit on your system as this data is streamed into the TrackIR software. Other systems such as Delanclip and Trackhat instead calculate these values on the PC itself via their software, which means there is a (minor) performance hit (somewhere around 0 ~ 5%) as the system has to allocate resources to calculate these values.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0029M6VKA/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B0029M6VKA&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=7780c93e19219802aaf7bb10d8795a77 Get Prices on a trackIR v5]</div> (Generally speaking they run around $120 - $150)

====TrackHat====

[https://trackhat.org TrackHat] is a middle ground option between DIY solutions such as FreeTrack, and the premium head tracking such as TrackIR. TrackHat utilises a bespoke version of OpenTrack and 3D printed clips along with pre-configured PS3 Eye cameras to provide exceptional tracking for the price (around £35 GBP). While not as good as TrackIR (TrackHat suffers a bit when you have a bright background) it certainly has more bang for buck and is a perfect starter head tracking solution.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://trackhat.org/shop/ Get Prices on TrackHat]</div> (around $40 for everything you need)

----

===Headtracking software===

<br />

====FaceTrackNOIR====
[http://facetracknoir.sourceforge.net/ FaceTrackNOIR] is an open source software solution using off the shelf hardware. But instead of tracking a cap / headset with 3 known points it uses facial recognition to follow the players face, thus allowing it to work standalone (in theory). This method has the lowest cost of entry (as you only need a basic webcam), however it is the least accurate and some users have issues getting it to work. Your mileage may vary.

====FaceTrackNOIR PointTracker Plugin====
[http://ftnoirpt.sourceforge.net/ FTNoIR PointTracker] is an open source addition to the FaceTrackNOIR system. Instead of using facial recognition, this plugin uses 3 point tracking similar to FreeTrack. FTNoIR PointTracker was developed as a stable alternative to FreeTrack (which has stability issues on some newer systems and does not appear to be actively developed anymore).

[[Configuring FTNoIR PointTracker]]

====OpenTrack====
[https://github.com/opentrack/opentrack/wiki OpenTrack] is the newest contender in the Headtracking software world and is an open-source piece of software (actively developed on Github). Although not as thoroughly vetted as FaceTrackNOIR (+ PointTracker plugin) or the TrackIR software, it does show great promise and we have heard a number of optimistic user stories about it, so feel free to give it a go!

====FreeTrack====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeTrack FreeTrack] is an open source head tracking application using off the shelf hardware. It performs equally as well as TrackIR when properly configured for a fraction of the cost. However, assembly of the LED model requires soldering/electronics skills and the initial configuration can be time consuming. Additionally, a webcam must be permanently modified by removing its internal IR filter, and should be factored into cost. Overall FreeTrack is a cheaper "Do It Yourself" alternative to TrackIR.

See our guide for [[Building a Freetrack Rig]].

----

==Joysticks and throttles==

===HOTAS===

HOTAS refers to Hands-On-Throttle-And-Stick and basically means a combination of Joystick and Throttle: this acronym is used to denote the use of both and a number of controls on these devices so that the pilots do not have to move their hands off of these devices to access most of the functionality within their airplane.

The throttle is used for applying power to the engines (i.e. going faster or slower), whilst the joystick can be used to pitch the plane up and down (i.e. make it climb or make it dive), as well as rolling the airplane from left to right (called "banking"). Some joysticks features a twist grip, that allows you to control the rudders (or turn) via twisting your wrist: the use of the twist grip is controversial as it is not very accurate for turning and you may inadvertently twist-turn your aircraft.

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Thrustmaster Launches the HOTAS WARTHOG Joystick.jpg|thumb|The Thrustmaster HOTAS WARTHOG Joystick
File:T16K.jpg|thumb|Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS
File:X56 rhino.jpg|thumb|Saitek X56 Rhino
File:X52pro.png|thumb|Saitek X52 Pro
File:X52.jpg|thumb|Saitek X52 (Non-Pro)
</gallery>

====Thrustmaster HOTAS Warthog====

The [https://www.amazon.com/ThrustMaster-2960720-Thrustmaster-Hotas-Warthog/dp/B00371R8P4/ref=sr_1_3?s=electronics&ie=UTF8&qid=1547845184&sr=1-3&keywords=Thrustmaster+HOTAS+Warthog Thrustmaster HOTAS Warthog] is the premiere [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HOTAS HOTAS] joystick and throttle for DCS: it was modeled from the real stick and throttle from the A-10C (in turn based on the F-16 HOTAS) and is solidly constructed from metal (weighing in at a whopping 14 pounds). It also boasts a large number of buttons, HAT switches (4-/5-way buttons) and other controls, as well as the use of (low wear) high precision sensors that will keep the stick going for decades. You can expect to pay between $450 to $500 USD for one new, making it a rather expensive peripheral: however it is a quality piece of hardware (for the most part). Used Warthogs can be found for around $350 to $400 however they sell quickly.

The (perceived by some) flaws of the Warthog HOTAS (those being the lubrication used in the gimbal, which is the moving part the stick attaches to, and the slew sensor itself) can be remedied if the user is willing to spent some time and money. [https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=warthog+stiction A number of youtube videos can be found on sanding the gimbal smooth and regreasing it with more appropriate grease], though a gimbal replacement from VKB or Virpil can also be purchased to replace the original gimbal but retain the quality joystick. A replacement slew sensor can be purchased [https://deltasimelectronics.com/ from Delta Sim if you find the original knob mouse sensor to be lacking in precision.]

Overall the Warthog HOTAS is of high quality construction and will do you favor for many years to come, but nothing is perfect and some people may wish to mod their HOTAS to remove these perceived flaws.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B004I5XB4K/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B004I5XB4K&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=2698f883ab4af722f4e2c84c6529b970 Get Prices on a HOTAS Warthog]</div> You can also just get the stick or throttles separately if you find a good used deal.

<br />

====Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas====
The [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Thrustmaster-T-16000M-FCS-Hotas-PC/dp/B01H6KXGDY Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas] is arguably one of the best bang for buck HOTAS systems one can buy, and is a definite recommendation for any aspiring fighter pilot! Like the Warthog HOTAS the T.16K uses high precision sensors in its construction, which means that this HOTAS too will suit your for years. This HOTAS is well suited for most fighter combat games, but it may require some effort on your part in regards to the binding and mapping of functions. It does however feature a twist rudder on the joystick itself, so you do not need to get rudder pedals with this HOTAS.

As this HOTAS is in a lower price class than the aforementioned Warthog HOTAS it does not features as many functions: this means you are missing out on some buttons, switches and controls compared to most other HOTAS'. Most notably this HOTAS does not have split throttles (so you cannot control left and right engines seperately, without a modifier) and the stick itself only has a singular HAT switch on it, which makes controlling planes with more complex systems (such as the F/A-18C and A-10C) a bit more complex. However, both of these gripes can be resolved through the use of modifiers: binding a key/button to press and hold so that all other keys / buttons can be assigned to other functions when this modifier key / button is pressed.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/ThrustMaster-2960778-Thrustmaster-T16000M-HOTAS/dp/B01KCHPRXA Get Prices on the Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas]</div> You can also just get the stick or throttle separately if you find a good used deal

<br />

====Saitek X56====

The Saitek X56 is a middle segment HOTAS that offers a good price vs performance package, though it is marketed with a focus on space simulators. In practice all this means is that instead of having another button or 4-way HAT on the stick thumb position, it instead has a analogue slew lever (that can be used to control the thrusters in space sims).

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/Logitech-Throttle-Simulation-Controller-Gaming/dp/B079P6SSHP/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=x55&qid=1547863503&sr=8-1 Get Prices on Saitek X56]</div>

====Saitek X52 and X52 Pro====
The middle of the road joysticks and the most recommended by players. The non Pro variant can be obtained for about $100 new with the Pro version clocking in at around $130. The Pro is constructed from better materials and is the currently manufactured model. For players on a budget it is recommended to find one of these used either locally, on eBay, or through the Amazon Used listings. Profiles are widely available that closely reproduce the control scheme of the real joystick.

You can find a profile thanks to [http://www.reddit.com/user/Ironystrike Iron] [here]; details for each aircraft with his profile can be found [http://wiki.hoggit.us/view/Joystick_Profiles here].

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LZ1MQTL/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LZ1MQTL&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=b3432e9f6ecd145c9cd9b1469aaae968 Get Prices on an X-52 PRO]</div> - About $50 more but much higher build quality

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LY285ZH/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LY285ZH&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=51b9c21a9d5ac0def659bce4eb274a46Get Prices on an X-52 PRO]</div> - Tried and true, still in service among many Hoggiteers, no easier way to get fully into the sim.

==Joysticks==

Most joysticks described in the previous HOTAS chapter can be bought separately instead of in a HOTAS pack (for if you want a different throttle or already have one), but some joysticks can only be bought seperately (and sometimes even without the gimbal / base).

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Kosmosima.jpg|thumb|right
</gallery>

==Throttles==

==Rudder Pedals==
[[File:61MPZbU0SZL. AA1280 .jpg|thumb|Saitek Pro Flight Rudder Pedals]]
Depending on who you talk to rudder pedals are completely optional. However if you buy a joystick that does not have a twist axis for rudder control you will need a pair for control.

====Saitek Pro Flight Rudder Pedals====
These are generally well reviewed and come in at around $100 USD from many online retailers. They are an all plastic construction and connect via USB.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LYPMTPT/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LYPMTPT&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=1eef4d66a2c45efb4f05f801878c83ec Get Prices on PRO Flight series pedals]</div>

====Saitek PRO Flight Combat Rudder Pedals ====
These are similar to the above but better constructed with metal instead of plastic. They do however run a fair bit more at around $170 USD.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B005CMOV06/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B005CMOV06&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=fd21edc999ae8caefabcc223702fd846 Get Prices on Flight Combat series pedals]</div>

====CH PRODUCTS Pro Pedals====
These pedals are also well reviewed and may be better constructed than the Saitek Pro Flight pedals. They also run around $100 USD.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0000512IE/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B0000512IE&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=5cfb1535cbfa45eb20321c7aa82817ff Get prices on CH Products Pro's]</div>

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File:Kosmosima.jpg

2019-01-19T02:48:02Z

Nanne118:

Peripherals Guide

2019-01-19T02:42:41Z

Nanne118: /* HOTAS */

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__TOC__

==Head Trackers: Short intro==

[[File:6DOF en.jpg|thumb|right]]

Headtrackers are optional however after using them many players swear by them and would rather fly with a crap stick than give theirs up, thanks to the added benefit of having the '''ability to look around simply by moving your head'''.

Most headtrackers work by detecting a pattern of IR lights, which are then converted into the various head movements. We typically classify these movements as 6-DOF (Degrees of Freedom), i.e. the six axis in which you can move your head (registered by the headtracker): X- (horizontal, side to side), Y- (vertical, up and down), Z- (zoom, forwards and backwards) movement, as well as X, Y, Z roll (i.e. tilting or twisting your head).

This movement is received by what is for all intents and purposes a (modified) webcam, typically placed on top of your screen. This webcam is following (tracking) a pattern of InfraRed (IR) lights and using these to decipher what your head is doing to represent this head movement in-game (albeit amplified, so you can still look at your screen). For this the webcam needs to have its infrared filter removed: infrared is invisible to the human eye and most cameras use a filter to block it out (as heatsources such as the sun radiate infrared waves and would thus overexpose the camera with light).

Once the filter is removed you can now follow a series of IR lights (placed in a pattern) to track the head movement: to still be able to look at your screen the actual head movement is amplified in the game (with your own set curves, in your headtracking software of choice). It is worth noting that the actual resolution and precision comes mainly from the camera (although the software also plays a role) and rarely has to do with the pattern of IR lights attached to your headset / hat (head).

----

=== Headtracking hardware ===

Below we have listed the 3 premiere headtracking solutions that people use:

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Delanclip.jpg|none|alt=Alt text|DelanClip
File:Trackir.jpg|thumb|TrackIR by Natural Point
File:Freetrack hat.jpg|thumb|A Freetrack IR hat build
</gallery>

====Delanclip====

[https://https://delanengineering.com/ Delanclip] is a low cost solution that uses 3 IR LEDs attached to a metal bracket that attaches to your headset (instead of Trackhat which as the name implies attaches to a hat or cap). It rivals the performance provided by TrackIR itself (being just shy in tracking quality, [https://delanengineering.com/manual/facetracknoir/ although a bit more difficult to setup but with an excellent guide]), with no discernable performance drawback in bright light environments. For the price (costs around 40 EUR) vs. performance it offers it beats out TrackIR, and as such offers a good head tracking beginner set. Delanclip also manufactures a wireless clip that removes the need to be anchored to the PC via an USB wire providing power, supposedly delivering up to 8 hours of head tracking on a battery charge.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://delanengineering.com/products/ Delanclip Overview]</div> (approximately 40 EUR)

====TrackIR (by Natural Point)====

TrackIR is a commercial solution by [https://www.amazon.com/TrackIr-Optical-Tracking-System-Bundle/dp/B00KQPETHO/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1547843565&sr=8-2&keywords=trackir+5 Natural Point Inc]. It is the most costly of all the head tracking options but is also quite simple to install and has a large (the largest) selection of games that natively support it, thanks to being the most well established head tracking solution on the market.

TrackIR is also a great option because it has a processor built in to the tracking unit, which means that all data processing and head movement translation calculating is done on the device itself: this means there is no performance hit on your system as this data is streamed into the TrackIR software. Other systems such as Delanclip and Trackhat instead calculate these values on the PC itself via their software, which means there is a (minor) performance hit (somewhere around 0 ~ 5%) as the system has to allocate resources to calculate these values.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0029M6VKA/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B0029M6VKA&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=7780c93e19219802aaf7bb10d8795a77 Get Prices on a trackIR v5]</div> (Generally speaking they run around $120 - $150)

====TrackHat====

[https://trackhat.org TrackHat] is a middle ground option between DIY solutions such as FreeTrack, and the premium head tracking such as TrackIR. TrackHat utilises a bespoke version of OpenTrack and 3D printed clips along with pre-configured PS3 Eye cameras to provide exceptional tracking for the price (around £35 GBP). While not as good as TrackIR (TrackHat suffers a bit when you have a bright background) it certainly has more bang for buck and is a perfect starter head tracking solution.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://trackhat.org/shop/ Get Prices on TrackHat]</div> (around $40 for everything you need)

----

===Headtracking software===

<br />

====FaceTrackNOIR====
[http://facetracknoir.sourceforge.net/ FaceTrackNOIR] is an open source software solution using off the shelf hardware. But instead of tracking a cap / headset with 3 known points it uses facial recognition to follow the players face, thus allowing it to work standalone (in theory). This method has the lowest cost of entry (as you only need a basic webcam), however it is the least accurate and some users have issues getting it to work. Your mileage may vary.

====FaceTrackNOIR PointTracker Plugin====
[http://ftnoirpt.sourceforge.net/ FTNoIR PointTracker] is an open source addition to the FaceTrackNOIR system. Instead of using facial recognition, this plugin uses 3 point tracking similar to FreeTrack. FTNoIR PointTracker was developed as a stable alternative to FreeTrack (which has stability issues on some newer systems and does not appear to be actively developed anymore).

[[Configuring FTNoIR PointTracker]]

====OpenTrack====
[https://github.com/opentrack/opentrack/wiki OpenTrack] is the newest contender in the Headtracking software world and is an open-source piece of software (actively developed on Github). Although not as thoroughly vetted as FaceTrackNOIR (+ PointTracker plugin) or the TrackIR software, it does show great promise and we have heard a number of optimistic user stories about it, so feel free to give it a go!

====FreeTrack====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeTrack FreeTrack] is an open source head tracking application using off the shelf hardware. It performs equally as well as TrackIR when properly configured for a fraction of the cost. However, assembly of the LED model requires soldering/electronics skills and the initial configuration can be time consuming. Additionally, a webcam must be permanently modified by removing its internal IR filter, and should be factored into cost. Overall FreeTrack is a cheaper "Do It Yourself" alternative to TrackIR.

See our guide for [[Building a Freetrack Rig]].

----

==Joysticks and throttles==

===HOTAS===

HOTAS refers to Hands-On-Throttle-And-Stick and basically means a combination of Joystick and Throttle: this acronym is used to denote the use of both and a number of controls on these devices so that the pilots do not have to move their hands off of these devices to access most of the functionality within their airplane.

The throttle is used for applying power to the engines (i.e. going faster or slower), whilst the joystick can be used to pitch the plane up and down (i.e. make it climb or make it dive), as well as rolling the airplane from left to right (called "banking"). Some joysticks features a twist grip, that allows you to control the rudders (or turn) via twisting your wrist: the use of the twist grip is controversial as it is not very accurate for turning and you may inadvertently twist-turn your aircraft.

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Thrustmaster Launches the HOTAS WARTHOG Joystick.jpg|thumb|The Thrustmaster HOTAS WARTHOG Joystick
File:T16K.jpg|thumb|Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS
File:X56 rhino.jpg|thumb|Saitek X56 Rhino
File:X52pro.png|thumb|Saitek X52 Pro
File:X52.jpg|thumb|Saitek X52 (Non-Pro)
</gallery>

====Thrustmaster HOTAS Warthog====

The [https://www.amazon.com/ThrustMaster-2960720-Thrustmaster-Hotas-Warthog/dp/B00371R8P4/ref=sr_1_3?s=electronics&ie=UTF8&qid=1547845184&sr=1-3&keywords=Thrustmaster+HOTAS+Warthog Thrustmaster HOTAS Warthog] is the premiere [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HOTAS HOTAS] joystick and throttle for DCS: it was modeled from the real stick and throttle from the A-10C (in turn based on the F-16 HOTAS) and is solidly constructed from metal (weighing in at a whopping 14 pounds). It also boasts a large number of buttons, HAT switches (4-/5-way buttons) and other controls, as well as the use of (low wear) high precision sensors that will keep the stick going for decades. You can expect to pay between $450 to $500 USD for one new, making it a rather expensive peripheral: however it is a quality piece of hardware (for the most part). Used Warthogs can be found for around $350 to $400 however they sell quickly.

The (perceived by some) flaws of the Warthog HOTAS (those being the lubrication used in the gimbal, which is the moving part the stick attaches to, and the slew sensor itself) can be remedied if the user is willing to spent some time and money. [https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=warthog+stiction A number of youtube videos can be found on sanding the gimbal smooth and regreasing it with more appropriate grease], though a gimbal replacement from VKB or Virpil can also be purchased to replace the original gimbal but retain the quality joystick. A replacement slew sensor can be purchased [https://deltasimelectronics.com/ from Delta Sim if you find the original knob mouse sensor to be lacking in precision.]

Overall the Warthog HOTAS is of high quality construction and will do you favor for many years to come, but nothing is perfect and some people may wish to mod their HOTAS to remove these perceived flaws.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B004I5XB4K/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B004I5XB4K&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=2698f883ab4af722f4e2c84c6529b970 Get Prices on a HOTAS Warthog]</div> You can also just get the stick or throttles separately if you find a good used deal.

<br />

====Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas====
The [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Thrustmaster-T-16000M-FCS-Hotas-PC/dp/B01H6KXGDY Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas] is arguably one of the best bang for buck HOTAS systems one can buy, and is a definite recommendation for any aspiring fighter pilot! Like the Warthog HOTAS the T.16K uses high precision sensors in its construction, which means that this HOTAS too will suit your for years. This HOTAS is well suited for most fighter combat games, but it may require some effort on your part in regards to the binding and mapping of functions. It does however feature a twist rudder on the joystick itself, so you do not need to get rudder pedals with this HOTAS.

As this HOTAS is in a lower price class than the aforementioned Warthog HOTAS it does not features as many functions: this means you are missing out on some buttons, switches and controls compared to most other HOTAS'. Most notably this HOTAS does not have split throttles (so you cannot control left and right engines seperately, without a modifier) and the stick itself only has a singular HAT switch on it, which makes controlling planes with more complex systems (such as the F/A-18C and A-10C) a bit more complex. However, both of these gripes can be resolved through the use of modifiers: binding a key/button to press and hold so that all other keys / buttons can be assigned to other functions when this modifier key / button is pressed.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/ThrustMaster-2960778-Thrustmaster-T16000M-HOTAS/dp/B01KCHPRXA Get Prices on the Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas]</div> You can also just get the stick or throttle separately if you find a good used deal

<br />

====Saitek X56====

The Saitek X56 is a middle segment HOTAS that offers a good price vs performance package, though it is marketed with a focus on space simulators. In practice all this means is that instead of having another button or 4-way HAT on the stick thumb position, it instead has a analogue slew lever (that can be used to control the thrusters in space sims).

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/Logitech-Throttle-Simulation-Controller-Gaming/dp/B079P6SSHP/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=x55&qid=1547863503&sr=8-1 Get Prices on Saitek X56]</div>

====Saitek X52 and X52 Pro====
The middle of the road joysticks and the most recommended by players. The non Pro variant can be obtained for about $100 new with the Pro version clocking in at around $130. The Pro is constructed from better materials and is the currently manufactured model. For players on a budget it is recommended to find one of these used either locally, on eBay, or through the Amazon Used listings. Profiles are widely available that closely reproduce the control scheme of the real joystick.

You can find a profile thanks to [http://www.reddit.com/user/Ironystrike Iron] [here]; details for each aircraft with his profile can be found [http://wiki.hoggit.us/view/Joystick_Profiles here].

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LZ1MQTL/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LZ1MQTL&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=b3432e9f6ecd145c9cd9b1469aaae968 Get Prices on an X-52 PRO]</div> - About $50 more but much higher build quality

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LY285ZH/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LY285ZH&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=51b9c21a9d5ac0def659bce4eb274a46Get Prices on an X-52 PRO]</div> - Tried and true, still in service among many Hoggiteers, no easier way to get fully into the sim.

==Rudder Pedals==
[[File:61MPZbU0SZL. AA1280 .jpg|thumb|Saitek Pro Flight Rudder Pedals]]
Depending on who you talk to rudder pedals are completely optional. However if you buy a joystick that does not have a twist axis for rudder control you will need a pair for control.

====Saitek Pro Flight Rudder Pedals====
These are generally well reviewed and come in at around $100 USD from many online retailers. They are an all plastic construction and connect via USB.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LYPMTPT/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LYPMTPT&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=1eef4d66a2c45efb4f05f801878c83ec Get Prices on PRO Flight series pedals]</div>

====Saitek PRO Flight Combat Rudder Pedals ====
These are similar to the above but better constructed with metal instead of plastic. They do however run a fair bit more at around $170 USD.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B005CMOV06/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B005CMOV06&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=fd21edc999ae8caefabcc223702fd846 Get Prices on Flight Combat series pedals]</div>

====CH PRODUCTS Pro Pedals====
These pedals are also well reviewed and may be better constructed than the Saitek Pro Flight pedals. They also run around $100 USD.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0000512IE/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B0000512IE&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=5cfb1535cbfa45eb20321c7aa82817ff Get prices on CH Products Pro's]</div>

<center>{{#widget:AdSense
|name=Hoggitwiki header
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|slot=7221930773
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File:X52.jpg

2019-01-19T02:41:49Z

Nanne118:

File:X52pro.png

2019-01-19T02:41:17Z

Nanne118:

Peripherals Guide

2019-01-19T02:39:50Z

Nanne118: /* HOTAS */

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__TOC__

==Head Trackers: Short intro==

[[File:6DOF en.jpg|thumb|right]]

Headtrackers are optional however after using them many players swear by them and would rather fly with a crap stick than give theirs up, thanks to the added benefit of having the '''ability to look around simply by moving your head'''.

Most headtrackers work by detecting a pattern of IR lights, which are then converted into the various head movements. We typically classify these movements as 6-DOF (Degrees of Freedom), i.e. the six axis in which you can move your head (registered by the headtracker): X- (horizontal, side to side), Y- (vertical, up and down), Z- (zoom, forwards and backwards) movement, as well as X, Y, Z roll (i.e. tilting or twisting your head).

This movement is received by what is for all intents and purposes a (modified) webcam, typically placed on top of your screen. This webcam is following (tracking) a pattern of InfraRed (IR) lights and using these to decipher what your head is doing to represent this head movement in-game (albeit amplified, so you can still look at your screen). For this the webcam needs to have its infrared filter removed: infrared is invisible to the human eye and most cameras use a filter to block it out (as heatsources such as the sun radiate infrared waves and would thus overexpose the camera with light).

Once the filter is removed you can now follow a series of IR lights (placed in a pattern) to track the head movement: to still be able to look at your screen the actual head movement is amplified in the game (with your own set curves, in your headtracking software of choice). It is worth noting that the actual resolution and precision comes mainly from the camera (although the software also plays a role) and rarely has to do with the pattern of IR lights attached to your headset / hat (head).

----

=== Headtracking hardware ===

Below we have listed the 3 premiere headtracking solutions that people use:

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Delanclip.jpg|none|alt=Alt text|DelanClip
File:Trackir.jpg|thumb|TrackIR by Natural Point
File:Freetrack hat.jpg|thumb|A Freetrack IR hat build
</gallery>

====Delanclip====

[https://https://delanengineering.com/ Delanclip] is a low cost solution that uses 3 IR LEDs attached to a metal bracket that attaches to your headset (instead of Trackhat which as the name implies attaches to a hat or cap). It rivals the performance provided by TrackIR itself (being just shy in tracking quality, [https://delanengineering.com/manual/facetracknoir/ although a bit more difficult to setup but with an excellent guide]), with no discernable performance drawback in bright light environments. For the price (costs around 40 EUR) vs. performance it offers it beats out TrackIR, and as such offers a good head tracking beginner set. Delanclip also manufactures a wireless clip that removes the need to be anchored to the PC via an USB wire providing power, supposedly delivering up to 8 hours of head tracking on a battery charge.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://delanengineering.com/products/ Delanclip Overview]</div> (approximately 40 EUR)

====TrackIR (by Natural Point)====

TrackIR is a commercial solution by [https://www.amazon.com/TrackIr-Optical-Tracking-System-Bundle/dp/B00KQPETHO/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1547843565&sr=8-2&keywords=trackir+5 Natural Point Inc]. It is the most costly of all the head tracking options but is also quite simple to install and has a large (the largest) selection of games that natively support it, thanks to being the most well established head tracking solution on the market.

TrackIR is also a great option because it has a processor built in to the tracking unit, which means that all data processing and head movement translation calculating is done on the device itself: this means there is no performance hit on your system as this data is streamed into the TrackIR software. Other systems such as Delanclip and Trackhat instead calculate these values on the PC itself via their software, which means there is a (minor) performance hit (somewhere around 0 ~ 5%) as the system has to allocate resources to calculate these values.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0029M6VKA/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B0029M6VKA&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=7780c93e19219802aaf7bb10d8795a77 Get Prices on a trackIR v5]</div> (Generally speaking they run around $120 - $150)

====TrackHat====

[https://trackhat.org TrackHat] is a middle ground option between DIY solutions such as FreeTrack, and the premium head tracking such as TrackIR. TrackHat utilises a bespoke version of OpenTrack and 3D printed clips along with pre-configured PS3 Eye cameras to provide exceptional tracking for the price (around £35 GBP). While not as good as TrackIR (TrackHat suffers a bit when you have a bright background) it certainly has more bang for buck and is a perfect starter head tracking solution.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://trackhat.org/shop/ Get Prices on TrackHat]</div> (around $40 for everything you need)

----

===Headtracking software===

<br />

====FaceTrackNOIR====
[http://facetracknoir.sourceforge.net/ FaceTrackNOIR] is an open source software solution using off the shelf hardware. But instead of tracking a cap / headset with 3 known points it uses facial recognition to follow the players face, thus allowing it to work standalone (in theory). This method has the lowest cost of entry (as you only need a basic webcam), however it is the least accurate and some users have issues getting it to work. Your mileage may vary.

====FaceTrackNOIR PointTracker Plugin====
[http://ftnoirpt.sourceforge.net/ FTNoIR PointTracker] is an open source addition to the FaceTrackNOIR system. Instead of using facial recognition, this plugin uses 3 point tracking similar to FreeTrack. FTNoIR PointTracker was developed as a stable alternative to FreeTrack (which has stability issues on some newer systems and does not appear to be actively developed anymore).

[[Configuring FTNoIR PointTracker]]

====OpenTrack====
[https://github.com/opentrack/opentrack/wiki OpenTrack] is the newest contender in the Headtracking software world and is an open-source piece of software (actively developed on Github). Although not as thoroughly vetted as FaceTrackNOIR (+ PointTracker plugin) or the TrackIR software, it does show great promise and we have heard a number of optimistic user stories about it, so feel free to give it a go!

====FreeTrack====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeTrack FreeTrack] is an open source head tracking application using off the shelf hardware. It performs equally as well as TrackIR when properly configured for a fraction of the cost. However, assembly of the LED model requires soldering/electronics skills and the initial configuration can be time consuming. Additionally, a webcam must be permanently modified by removing its internal IR filter, and should be factored into cost. Overall FreeTrack is a cheaper "Do It Yourself" alternative to TrackIR.

See our guide for [[Building a Freetrack Rig]].

----

==Joysticks and throttles==

===HOTAS===

HOTAS refers to Hands-On-Throttle-And-Stick and basically means a combination of Joystick and Throttle: this acronym is used to denote the use of both and a number of controls on these devices so that the pilots do not have to move their hands off of these devices to access most of the functionality within their airplane.

The throttle is used for applying power to the engines (i.e. going faster or slower), whilst the joystick can be used to pitch the plane up and down (i.e. make it climb or make it dive), as well as rolling the airplane from left to right (called "banking"). Some joysticks features a twist grip, that allows you to control the rudders (or turn) via twisting your wrist: the use of the twist grip is controversial as it is not very accurate for turning and you may inadvertently twist-turn your aircraft.

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Thrustmaster Launches the HOTAS WARTHOG Joystick.jpg|thumb|The Thrustmaster HOTAS WARTHOG Joystick
File:T16K.jpg|thumb|Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS
File:X56 rhino.jpg|thumb|Saitek X56 Rhino
</gallery>

====Thrustmaster HOTAS Warthog====

The [https://www.amazon.com/ThrustMaster-2960720-Thrustmaster-Hotas-Warthog/dp/B00371R8P4/ref=sr_1_3?s=electronics&ie=UTF8&qid=1547845184&sr=1-3&keywords=Thrustmaster+HOTAS+Warthog Thrustmaster HOTAS Warthog] is the premiere [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HOTAS HOTAS] joystick and throttle for DCS: it was modeled from the real stick and throttle from the A-10C (in turn based on the F-16 HOTAS) and is solidly constructed from metal (weighing in at a whopping 14 pounds). It also boasts a large number of buttons, HAT switches (4-/5-way buttons) and other controls, as well as the use of (low wear) high precision sensors that will keep the stick going for decades. You can expect to pay between $450 to $500 USD for one new, making it a rather expensive peripheral: however it is a quality piece of hardware (for the most part). Used Warthogs can be found for around $350 to $400 however they sell quickly.

The (perceived by some) flaws of the Warthog HOTAS (those being the lubrication used in the gimbal, which is the moving part the stick attaches to, and the slew sensor itself) can be remedied if the user is willing to spent some time and money. [https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=warthog+stiction A number of youtube videos can be found on sanding the gimbal smooth and regreasing it with more appropriate grease], though a gimbal replacement from VKB or Virpil can also be purchased to replace the original gimbal but retain the quality joystick. A replacement slew sensor can be purchased [https://deltasimelectronics.com/ from Delta Sim if you find the original knob mouse sensor to be lacking in precision.]

Overall the Warthog HOTAS is of high quality construction and will do you favor for many years to come, but nothing is perfect and some people may wish to mod their HOTAS to remove these perceived flaws.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B004I5XB4K/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B004I5XB4K&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=2698f883ab4af722f4e2c84c6529b970 Get Prices on a HOTAS Warthog]</div> You can also just get the stick or throttles separately if you find a good used deal.

<br />

====Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas====
The [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Thrustmaster-T-16000M-FCS-Hotas-PC/dp/B01H6KXGDY Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas] is arguably one of the best bang for buck HOTAS systems one can buy, and is a definite recommendation for any aspiring fighter pilot! Like the Warthog HOTAS the T.16K uses high precision sensors in its construction, which means that this HOTAS too will suit your for years. This HOTAS is well suited for most fighter combat games, but it may require some effort on your part in regards to the binding and mapping of functions. It does however feature a twist rudder on the joystick itself, so you do not need to get rudder pedals with this HOTAS.

As this HOTAS is in a lower price class than the aforementioned Warthog HOTAS it does not features as many functions: this means you are missing out on some buttons, switches and controls compared to most other HOTAS'. Most notably this HOTAS does not have split throttles (so you cannot control left and right engines seperately, without a modifier) and the stick itself only has a singular HAT switch on it, which makes controlling planes with more complex systems (such as the F/A-18C and A-10C) a bit more complex. However, both of these gripes can be resolved through the use of modifiers: binding a key/button to press and hold so that all other keys / buttons can be assigned to other functions when this modifier key / button is pressed.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/ThrustMaster-2960778-Thrustmaster-T16000M-HOTAS/dp/B01KCHPRXA Get Prices on the Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas]</div> You can also just get the stick or throttle separately if you find a good used deal

<br />

====Saitek X56====

The Saitek X56 is a middle segment HOTAS that offers a good price vs performance package, though it is marketed with a focus on space simulators. In practice all this means is that instead of having another button or 4-way HAT on the stick thumb position, it instead has a analogue slew lever (that can be used to control the thrusters in space sims).

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/Logitech-Throttle-Simulation-Controller-Gaming/dp/B079P6SSHP/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=x55&qid=1547863503&sr=8-1 Get Prices on Saitek X56]</div>

====Saitek X52 and X52 Pro====
The middle of the road joysticks and the most recommended by players. The non Pro variant can be obtained for about $100 new with the Pro version clocking in at around $130. The Pro is constructed from better materials and is the currently manufactured model. For players on a budget it is recommended to find one of these used either locally, on eBay, or through the Amazon Used listings. Profiles are widely available that closely reproduce the control scheme of the real joystick.

You can find a profile thanks to [http://www.reddit.com/user/Ironystrike Iron] [here]; details for each aircraft with his profile can be found [http://wiki.hoggit.us/view/Joystick_Profiles here].

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LZ1MQTL/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LZ1MQTL&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=b3432e9f6ecd145c9cd9b1469aaae968 Get Prices on an X-52 PRO]</div> - About $50 more but much higher build quality

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LY285ZH/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LY285ZH&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=51b9c21a9d5ac0def659bce4eb274a46Get Prices on an X-52 PRO]</div> - Tried and true, still in service among many Hoggiteers, no easier way to get fully into the sim.

==Rudder Pedals==
[[File:61MPZbU0SZL. AA1280 .jpg|thumb|Saitek Pro Flight Rudder Pedals]]
Depending on who you talk to rudder pedals are completely optional. However if you buy a joystick that does not have a twist axis for rudder control you will need a pair for control.

====Saitek Pro Flight Rudder Pedals====
These are generally well reviewed and come in at around $100 USD from many online retailers. They are an all plastic construction and connect via USB.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LYPMTPT/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LYPMTPT&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=1eef4d66a2c45efb4f05f801878c83ec Get Prices on PRO Flight series pedals]</div>

====Saitek PRO Flight Combat Rudder Pedals ====
These are similar to the above but better constructed with metal instead of plastic. They do however run a fair bit more at around $170 USD.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B005CMOV06/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B005CMOV06&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=fd21edc999ae8caefabcc223702fd846 Get Prices on Flight Combat series pedals]</div>

====CH PRODUCTS Pro Pedals====
These pedals are also well reviewed and may be better constructed than the Saitek Pro Flight pedals. They also run around $100 USD.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0000512IE/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B0000512IE&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=5cfb1535cbfa45eb20321c7aa82817ff Get prices on CH Products Pro's]</div>

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Peripherals Guide

2019-01-19T02:03:48Z

Nanne118: /* Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas */

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__TOC__

==Head Trackers: Short intro==

[[File:6DOF en.jpg|thumb|right]]

Headtrackers are optional however after using them many players swear by them and would rather fly with a crap stick than give theirs up, thanks to the added benefit of having the '''ability to look around simply by moving your head'''.

Most headtrackers work by detecting a pattern of IR lights, which are then converted into the various head movements. We typically classify these movements as 6-DOF (Degrees of Freedom), i.e. the six axis in which you can move your head (registered by the headtracker): X- (horizontal, side to side), Y- (vertical, up and down), Z- (zoom, forwards and backwards) movement, as well as X, Y, Z roll (i.e. tilting or twisting your head).

This movement is received by what is for all intents and purposes a (modified) webcam, typically placed on top of your screen. This webcam is following (tracking) a pattern of InfraRed (IR) lights and using these to decipher what your head is doing to represent this head movement in-game (albeit amplified, so you can still look at your screen). For this the webcam needs to have its infrared filter removed: infrared is invisible to the human eye and most cameras use a filter to block it out (as heatsources such as the sun radiate infrared waves and would thus overexpose the camera with light).

Once the filter is removed you can now follow a series of IR lights (placed in a pattern) to track the head movement: to still be able to look at your screen the actual head movement is amplified in the game (with your own set curves, in your headtracking software of choice). It is worth noting that the actual resolution and precision comes mainly from the camera (although the software also plays a role) and rarely has to do with the pattern of IR lights attached to your headset / hat (head).

----

=== Headtracking hardware ===

Below we have listed the 3 premiere headtracking solutions that people use:

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Delanclip.jpg|none|alt=Alt text|DelanClip
File:Trackir.jpg|thumb|TrackIR by Natural Point
File:Freetrack hat.jpg|thumb|A Freetrack IR hat build
</gallery>

====Delanclip====

[https://https://delanengineering.com/ Delanclip] is a low cost solution that uses 3 IR LEDs attached to a metal bracket that attaches to your headset (instead of Trackhat which as the name implies attaches to a hat or cap). It rivals the performance provided by TrackIR itself (being just shy in tracking quality, [https://delanengineering.com/manual/facetracknoir/ although a bit more difficult to setup but with an excellent guide]), with no discernable performance drawback in bright light environments. For the price (costs around 40 EUR) vs. performance it offers it beats out TrackIR, and as such offers a good head tracking beginner set. Delanclip also manufactures a wireless clip that removes the need to be anchored to the PC via an USB wire providing power, supposedly delivering up to 8 hours of head tracking on a battery charge.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://delanengineering.com/products/ Delanclip Overview]</div> (approximately 40 EUR)

====TrackIR (by Natural Point)====

TrackIR is a commercial solution by [https://www.amazon.com/TrackIr-Optical-Tracking-System-Bundle/dp/B00KQPETHO/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1547843565&sr=8-2&keywords=trackir+5 Natural Point Inc]. It is the most costly of all the head tracking options but is also quite simple to install and has a large (the largest) selection of games that natively support it, thanks to being the most well established head tracking solution on the market.

TrackIR is also a great option because it has a processor built in to the tracking unit, which means that all data processing and head movement translation calculating is done on the device itself: this means there is no performance hit on your system as this data is streamed into the TrackIR software. Other systems such as Delanclip and Trackhat instead calculate these values on the PC itself via their software, which means there is a (minor) performance hit (somewhere around 0 ~ 5%) as the system has to allocate resources to calculate these values.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0029M6VKA/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B0029M6VKA&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=7780c93e19219802aaf7bb10d8795a77 Get Prices on a trackIR v5]</div> (Generally speaking they run around $120 - $150)

====TrackHat====

[https://trackhat.org TrackHat] is a middle ground option between DIY solutions such as FreeTrack, and the premium head tracking such as TrackIR. TrackHat utilises a bespoke version of OpenTrack and 3D printed clips along with pre-configured PS3 Eye cameras to provide exceptional tracking for the price (around £35 GBP). While not as good as TrackIR (TrackHat suffers a bit when you have a bright background) it certainly has more bang for buck and is a perfect starter head tracking solution.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://trackhat.org/shop/ Get Prices on TrackHat]</div> (around $40 for everything you need)

----

===Headtracking software===

<br />

====FaceTrackNOIR====
[http://facetracknoir.sourceforge.net/ FaceTrackNOIR] is an open source software solution using off the shelf hardware. But instead of tracking a cap / headset with 3 known points it uses facial recognition to follow the players face, thus allowing it to work standalone (in theory). This method has the lowest cost of entry (as you only need a basic webcam), however it is the least accurate and some users have issues getting it to work. Your mileage may vary.

====FaceTrackNOIR PointTracker Plugin====
[http://ftnoirpt.sourceforge.net/ FTNoIR PointTracker] is an open source addition to the FaceTrackNOIR system. Instead of using facial recognition, this plugin uses 3 point tracking similar to FreeTrack. FTNoIR PointTracker was developed as a stable alternative to FreeTrack (which has stability issues on some newer systems and does not appear to be actively developed anymore).

[[Configuring FTNoIR PointTracker]]

====OpenTrack====
[https://github.com/opentrack/opentrack/wiki OpenTrack] is the newest contender in the Headtracking software world and is an open-source piece of software (actively developed on Github). Although not as thoroughly vetted as FaceTrackNOIR (+ PointTracker plugin) or the TrackIR software, it does show great promise and we have heard a number of optimistic user stories about it, so feel free to give it a go!

====FreeTrack====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeTrack FreeTrack] is an open source head tracking application using off the shelf hardware. It performs equally as well as TrackIR when properly configured for a fraction of the cost. However, assembly of the LED model requires soldering/electronics skills and the initial configuration can be time consuming. Additionally, a webcam must be permanently modified by removing its internal IR filter, and should be factored into cost. Overall FreeTrack is a cheaper "Do It Yourself" alternative to TrackIR.

See our guide for [[Building a Freetrack Rig]].

----

==Joysticks and throttles==

===HOTAS===

HOTAS refers to Hands-On-Throttle-And-Stick and basically means a combination of Joystick and Throttle: this acronym is used to denote the use of both and a number of controls on these devices so that the pilots do not have to move their hands off of these devices to access most of the functionality within their airplane.

The throttle is used for applying power to the engines (i.e. going faster or slower), whilst the joystick can be used to pitch the plane up and down (i.e. make it climb or make it dive), as well as rolling the airplane from left to right (called "banking"). Some joysticks features a twist grip, that allows you to control the rudders (or turn) via twisting your wrist: the use of the twist grip is controversial as it is not very accurate for turning and you may inadvertently twist-turn your aircraft.

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Thrustmaster Launches the HOTAS WARTHOG Joystick.jpg|thumb|The Thrustmaster HOTAS WARTHOG Joystick
File:T16K.jpg|thumb|Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS
File:X56 rhino.jpg|thumb|Saitek X56 Rhino
</gallery>

====Thrustmaster HOTAS Warthog====

The [https://www.amazon.com/ThrustMaster-2960720-Thrustmaster-Hotas-Warthog/dp/B00371R8P4/ref=sr_1_3?s=electronics&ie=UTF8&qid=1547845184&sr=1-3&keywords=Thrustmaster+HOTAS+Warthog Thrustmaster HOTAS Warthog] is the premiere [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HOTAS HOTAS] joystick and throttle for DCS: it was modeled from the real stick and throttle from the A-10C (in turn based on the F-16 HOTAS) and is solidly constructed from metal (weighing in at a whopping 14 pounds). It also boasts a large number of buttons, HAT switches (4-/5-way buttons) and other controls, as well as the use of (low wear) high precision sensors that will keep the stick going for decades. You can expect to pay between $450 to $500 USD for one new, making it a rather expensive peripheral: however it is a quality piece of hardware (for the most part). Used Warthogs can be found for around $350 to $400 however they sell quickly.

The (perceived by some) flaws of the Warthog HOTAS (those being the lubrication used in the gimbal, which is the moving part the stick attaches to, and the slew sensor itself) can be remedied if the user is willing to spent some time and money. [https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=warthog+stiction A number of youtube videos can be found on sanding the gimbal smooth and regreasing it with more appropriate grease], though a gimbal replacement from VKB or Virpil can also be purchased to replace the original gimbal but retain the quality joystick. A replacement slew sensor can be purchased [https://deltasimelectronics.com/ from Delta Sim if you find the original knob mouse sensor to be lacking in precision.]

Overall the Warthog HOTAS is of high quality construction and will do you favor for many years to come, but nothing is perfect and some people may wish to mod their HOTAS to remove these perceived flaws.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B004I5XB4K/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B004I5XB4K&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=2698f883ab4af722f4e2c84c6529b970 Get Prices on a HOTAS Warthog]</div> You can also just get the stick or throttles separately if you find a good used deal.

<br />

====Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas====
The [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Thrustmaster-T-16000M-FCS-Hotas-PC/dp/B01H6KXGDY Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas] is arguably one of the best bang for buck HOTAS systems one can buy, and is a definite recommendation for any aspiring fighter pilot! Like the Warthog HOTAS the T.16K uses high precision sensors in its construction, which means that this HOTAS too will suit your for years. This HOTAS is well suited for most fighter combat games, but it may require some effort on your part in regards to the binding and mapping of functions. It does however feature a twist rudder on the joystick itself, so you do not need to get rudder pedals with this HOTAS.

As this HOTAS is in a lower price class than the aforementioned Warthog HOTAS it does not features as many functions: this means you are missing out on some buttons, switches and controls compared to most other HOTAS'. Most notably this HOTAS does not have split throttles (so you cannot control left and right engines seperately, without a modifier) and the stick itself only has a singular HAT switch on it, which makes controlling planes with more complex systems (such as the F/A-18C and A-10C) a bit more complex. However, both of these gripes can be resolved through the use of modifiers: binding a key/button to press and hold so that all other keys / buttons can be assigned to other functions when this modifier key / button is pressed.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/ThrustMaster-2960778-Thrustmaster-T16000M-HOTAS/dp/B01KCHPRXA Get Prices on the Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas]</div> You can also just get the stick or throttle separately if you find a good used deal

<br />

====Saitek X52 and X52 Pro====
The middle of the road joysticks and the most recommended by players. The non Pro variant can be obtained for about $100 new with the Pro version clocking in at around $130. The Pro is constructed from better materials and is the currently manufactured model. For players on a budget it is recommended to find one of these used either locally, on eBay, or through the Amazon Used listings. Profiles are widely available that closely reproduce the control scheme of the real joystick.

You can find a profile thanks to [http://www.reddit.com/user/Ironystrike Iron] [here]; details for each aircraft with his profile can be found [http://wiki.hoggit.us/view/Joystick_Profiles here].

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LZ1MQTL/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LZ1MQTL&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=b3432e9f6ecd145c9cd9b1469aaae968 Get Prices on an X-52 PRO]</div> - About $50 more but much higher build quality

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LY285ZH/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LY285ZH&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=51b9c21a9d5ac0def659bce4eb274a46Get Prices on an X-52 PRO]</div> - Tried and true, still in service among many Hoggiteers, no easier way to get fully into the sim.

==Rudder Pedals==
[[File:61MPZbU0SZL. AA1280 .jpg|thumb|Saitek Pro Flight Rudder Pedals]]
Depending on who you talk to rudder pedals are completely optional. However if you buy a joystick that does not have a twist axis for rudder control you will need a pair for control.

====Saitek Pro Flight Rudder Pedals====
These are generally well reviewed and come in at around $100 USD from many online retailers. They are an all plastic construction and connect via USB.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LYPMTPT/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LYPMTPT&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=1eef4d66a2c45efb4f05f801878c83ec Get Prices on PRO Flight series pedals]</div>

====Saitek PRO Flight Combat Rudder Pedals ====
These are similar to the above but better constructed with metal instead of plastic. They do however run a fair bit more at around $170 USD.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B005CMOV06/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B005CMOV06&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=fd21edc999ae8caefabcc223702fd846 Get Prices on Flight Combat series pedals]</div>

====CH PRODUCTS Pro Pedals====
These pedals are also well reviewed and may be better constructed than the Saitek Pro Flight pedals. They also run around $100 USD.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0000512IE/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B0000512IE&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=5cfb1535cbfa45eb20321c7aa82817ff Get prices on CH Products Pro's]</div>

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Peripherals Guide

2019-01-18T21:18:43Z

Nanne118: /* Joysticks and throttles */

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__TOC__

==Head Trackers: Short intro==

[[File:6DOF en.jpg|thumb|right]]

Headtrackers are optional however after using them many players swear by them and would rather fly with a crap stick than give theirs up, thanks to the added benefit of having the '''ability to look around simply by moving your head'''.

Most headtrackers work by detecting a pattern of IR lights, which are then converted into the various head movements. We typically classify these movements as 6-DOF (Degrees of Freedom), i.e. the six axis in which you can move your head (registered by the headtracker): X- (horizontal, side to side), Y- (vertical, up and down), Z- (zoom, forwards and backwards) movement, as well as X, Y, Z roll (i.e. tilting or twisting your head).

This movement is received by what is for all intents and purposes a (modified) webcam, typically placed on top of your screen. This webcam is following (tracking) a pattern of InfraRed (IR) lights and using these to decipher what your head is doing to represent this head movement in-game (albeit amplified, so you can still look at your screen). For this the webcam needs to have its infrared filter removed: infrared is invisible to the human eye and most cameras use a filter to block it out (as heatsources such as the sun radiate infrared waves and would thus overexpose the camera with light).

Once the filter is removed you can now follow a series of IR lights (placed in a pattern) to track the head movement: to still be able to look at your screen the actual head movement is amplified in the game (with your own set curves, in your headtracking software of choice). It is worth noting that the actual resolution and precision comes mainly from the camera (although the software also plays a role) and rarely has to do with the pattern of IR lights attached to your headset / hat (head).

----

=== Headtracking hardware ===

Below we have listed the 3 premiere headtracking solutions that people use:

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Delanclip.jpg|none|alt=Alt text|DelanClip
File:Trackir.jpg|thumb|TrackIR by Natural Point
File:Freetrack hat.jpg|thumb|A Freetrack IR hat build
</gallery>

====Delanclip====

[https://https://delanengineering.com/ Delanclip] is a low cost solution that uses 3 IR LEDs attached to a metal bracket that attaches to your headset (instead of Trackhat which as the name implies attaches to a hat or cap). It rivals the performance provided by TrackIR itself (being just shy in tracking quality, [https://delanengineering.com/manual/facetracknoir/ although a bit more difficult to setup but with an excellent guide]), with no discernable performance drawback in bright light environments. For the price (costs around 40 EUR) vs. performance it offers it beats out TrackIR, and as such offers a good head tracking beginner set. Delanclip also manufactures a wireless clip that removes the need to be anchored to the PC via an USB wire providing power, supposedly delivering up to 8 hours of head tracking on a battery charge.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://delanengineering.com/products/ Delanclip Overview]</div> (approximately 40 EUR)

====TrackIR (by Natural Point)====

TrackIR is a commercial solution by [https://www.amazon.com/TrackIr-Optical-Tracking-System-Bundle/dp/B00KQPETHO/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1547843565&sr=8-2&keywords=trackir+5 Natural Point Inc]. It is the most costly of all the head tracking options but is also quite simple to install and has a large (the largest) selection of games that natively support it, thanks to being the most well established head tracking solution on the market.

TrackIR is also a great option because it has a processor built in to the tracking unit, which means that all data processing and head movement translation calculating is done on the device itself: this means there is no performance hit on your system as this data is streamed into the TrackIR software. Other systems such as Delanclip and Trackhat instead calculate these values on the PC itself via their software, which means there is a (minor) performance hit (somewhere around 0 ~ 5%) as the system has to allocate resources to calculate these values.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0029M6VKA/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B0029M6VKA&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=7780c93e19219802aaf7bb10d8795a77 Get Prices on a trackIR v5]</div> (Generally speaking they run around $120 - $150)

====TrackHat====

[https://trackhat.org TrackHat] is a middle ground option between DIY solutions such as FreeTrack, and the premium head tracking such as TrackIR. TrackHat utilises a bespoke version of OpenTrack and 3D printed clips along with pre-configured PS3 Eye cameras to provide exceptional tracking for the price (around £35 GBP). While not as good as TrackIR (TrackHat suffers a bit when you have a bright background) it certainly has more bang for buck and is a perfect starter head tracking solution.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://trackhat.org/shop/ Get Prices on TrackHat]</div> (around $40 for everything you need)

----

===Headtracking software===

<br />

====FaceTrackNOIR====
[http://facetracknoir.sourceforge.net/ FaceTrackNOIR] is an open source software solution using off the shelf hardware. But instead of tracking a cap / headset with 3 known points it uses facial recognition to follow the players face, thus allowing it to work standalone (in theory). This method has the lowest cost of entry (as you only need a basic webcam), however it is the least accurate and some users have issues getting it to work. Your mileage may vary.

====FaceTrackNOIR PointTracker Plugin====
[http://ftnoirpt.sourceforge.net/ FTNoIR PointTracker] is an open source addition to the FaceTrackNOIR system. Instead of using facial recognition, this plugin uses 3 point tracking similar to FreeTrack. FTNoIR PointTracker was developed as a stable alternative to FreeTrack (which has stability issues on some newer systems and does not appear to be actively developed anymore).

[[Configuring FTNoIR PointTracker]]

====OpenTrack====
[https://github.com/opentrack/opentrack/wiki OpenTrack] is the newest contender in the Headtracking software world and is an open-source piece of software (actively developed on Github). Although not as thoroughly vetted as FaceTrackNOIR (+ PointTracker plugin) or the TrackIR software, it does show great promise and we have heard a number of optimistic user stories about it, so feel free to give it a go!

====FreeTrack====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeTrack FreeTrack] is an open source head tracking application using off the shelf hardware. It performs equally as well as TrackIR when properly configured for a fraction of the cost. However, assembly of the LED model requires soldering/electronics skills and the initial configuration can be time consuming. Additionally, a webcam must be permanently modified by removing its internal IR filter, and should be factored into cost. Overall FreeTrack is a cheaper "Do It Yourself" alternative to TrackIR.

See our guide for [[Building a Freetrack Rig]].

----

==Joysticks and throttles==

===HOTAS===

HOTAS refers to Hands-On-Throttle-And-Stick and basically means a combination of Joystick and Throttle: this acronym is used to denote the use of both and a number of controls on these devices so that the pilots do not have to move their hands off of these devices to access most of the functionality within their airplane.

The throttle is used for applying power to the engines (i.e. going faster or slower), whilst the joystick can be used to pitch the plane up and down (i.e. make it climb or make it dive), as well as rolling the airplane from left to right (called "banking"). Some joysticks features a twist grip, that allows you to control the rudders (or turn) via twisting your wrist: the use of the twist grip is controversial as it is not very accurate for turning and you may inadvertently twist-turn your aircraft.

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Thrustmaster Launches the HOTAS WARTHOG Joystick.jpg|thumb|The Thrustmaster HOTAS WARTHOG Joystick
File:T16K.jpg|thumb|Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS
File:X56 rhino.jpg|thumb|Saitek X56 Rhino
</gallery>

====Thrustmaster HOTAS Warthog====

The [https://www.amazon.com/ThrustMaster-2960720-Thrustmaster-Hotas-Warthog/dp/B00371R8P4/ref=sr_1_3?s=electronics&ie=UTF8&qid=1547845184&sr=1-3&keywords=Thrustmaster+HOTAS+Warthog Thrustmaster HOTAS Warthog] is the premiere [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HOTAS HOTAS] joystick and throttle for DCS: it was modeled from the real stick and throttle from the A-10C (in turn based on the F-16 HOTAS) and is solidly constructed from metal (weighing in at a whopping 14 pounds). It also boasts a large number of buttons, HAT switches (4-/5-way buttons) and other controls, as well as the use of (low wear) high precision sensors that will keep the stick going for decades. You can expect to pay between $450 to $500 USD for one new, making it a rather expensive peripheral: however it is a quality piece of hardware (for the most part). Used Warthogs can be found for around $350 to $400 however they sell quickly.

The (perceived by some) flaws of the Warthog HOTAS (those being the lubrication used in the gimbal, which is the moving part the stick attaches to, and the slew sensor itself) can be remedied if the user is willing to spent some time and money. [https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=warthog+stiction A number of youtube videos can be found on sanding the gimbal smooth and regreasing it with more appropriate grease], though a gimbal replacement from VKB or Virpil can also be purchased to replace the original gimbal but retain the quality joystick. A replacement slew sensor can be purchased [https://deltasimelectronics.com/ from Delta Sim if you find the original knob mouse sensor to be lacking in precision.]

Overall the Warthog HOTAS is of high quality construction and will do you favor for many years to come, but nothing is perfect and some people may wish to mod their HOTAS to remove these perceived flaws.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B004I5XB4K/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B004I5XB4K&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=2698f883ab4af722f4e2c84c6529b970 Get Prices on a HOTAS Warthog]</div> You can also just get the stick or throttles separately if you find a good used deal.

<br />

====Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas====
The [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Thrustmaster-T-16000M-FCS-Hotas-PC/dp/B01H6KXGDY Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas] is arguably one of the best bang for buck HOTAS systems one can buy, and is a definite recommendation for any aspiring fighter pilot! Like the Warthog HOTAS the T.16K uses high precision sensors in its construction, which means that this HOTAS too will suit your for years!
<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/ThrustMaster-2960778-Thrustmaster-T16000M-HOTAS/dp/B01KCHPRXA Get Prices on the Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas]</div> You can also just get the stick or throttle separately if you find a good used deal

<br />

====Saitek X52 and X52 Pro====
The middle of the road joysticks and the most recommended by players. The non Pro variant can be obtained for about $100 new with the Pro version clocking in at around $130. The Pro is constructed from better materials and is the currently manufactured model. For players on a budget it is recommended to find one of these used either locally, on eBay, or through the Amazon Used listings. Profiles are widely available that closely reproduce the control scheme of the real joystick.

You can find a profile thanks to [http://www.reddit.com/user/Ironystrike Iron] [here]; details for each aircraft with his profile can be found [http://wiki.hoggit.us/view/Joystick_Profiles here].

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LZ1MQTL/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LZ1MQTL&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=b3432e9f6ecd145c9cd9b1469aaae968 Get Prices on an X-52 PRO]</div> - About $50 more but much higher build quality

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LY285ZH/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LY285ZH&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=51b9c21a9d5ac0def659bce4eb274a46Get Prices on an X-52 PRO]</div> - Tried and true, still in service among many Hoggiteers, no easier way to get fully into the sim.

==Rudder Pedals==
[[File:61MPZbU0SZL. AA1280 .jpg|thumb|Saitek Pro Flight Rudder Pedals]]
Depending on who you talk to rudder pedals are completely optional. However if you buy a joystick that does not have a twist axis for rudder control you will need a pair for control.

====Saitek Pro Flight Rudder Pedals====
These are generally well reviewed and come in at around $100 USD from many online retailers. They are an all plastic construction and connect via USB.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LYPMTPT/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LYPMTPT&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=1eef4d66a2c45efb4f05f801878c83ec Get Prices on PRO Flight series pedals]</div>

====Saitek PRO Flight Combat Rudder Pedals ====
These are similar to the above but better constructed with metal instead of plastic. They do however run a fair bit more at around $170 USD.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B005CMOV06/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B005CMOV06&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=fd21edc999ae8caefabcc223702fd846 Get Prices on Flight Combat series pedals]</div>

====CH PRODUCTS Pro Pedals====
These pedals are also well reviewed and may be better constructed than the Saitek Pro Flight pedals. They also run around $100 USD.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0000512IE/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B0000512IE&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=5cfb1535cbfa45eb20321c7aa82817ff Get prices on CH Products Pro's]</div>

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File:X56 rhino.jpg

2019-01-18T20:54:05Z

Nanne118:

File:T16K.jpg

2019-01-18T20:50:52Z

Nanne118:

Peripherals Guide

2019-01-18T20:45:59Z

Nanne118: Shown the headtracking section some love

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__TOC__

==Head Trackers: Short intro==

[[File:6DOF en.jpg|thumb|right]]

Headtrackers are optional however after using them many players swear by them and would rather fly with a crap stick than give theirs up, thanks to the added benefit of having the '''ability to look around simply by moving your head'''.

Most headtrackers work by detecting a pattern of IR lights, which are then converted into the various head movements. We typically classify these movements as 6-DOF (Degrees of Freedom), i.e. the six axis in which you can move your head (registered by the headtracker): X- (horizontal, side to side), Y- (vertical, up and down), Z- (zoom, forwards and backwards) movement, as well as X, Y, Z roll (i.e. tilting or twisting your head).

This movement is received by what is for all intents and purposes a (modified) webcam, typically placed on top of your screen. This webcam is following (tracking) a pattern of InfraRed (IR) lights and using these to decipher what your head is doing to represent this head movement in-game (albeit amplified, so you can still look at your screen). For this the webcam needs to have its infrared filter removed: infrared is invisible to the human eye and most cameras use a filter to block it out (as heatsources such as the sun radiate infrared waves and would thus overexpose the camera with light).

Once the filter is removed you can now follow a series of IR lights (placed in a pattern) to track the head movement: to still be able to look at your screen the actual head movement is amplified in the game (with your own set curves, in your headtracking software of choice). It is worth noting that the actual resolution and precision comes mainly from the camera (although the software also plays a role) and rarely has to do with the pattern of IR lights attached to your headset / hat (head).

----

=== Headtracking hardware ===

Below we have listed the 3 premiere headtracking solutions that people use:

<gallery widths=300px heights=300px>
File:Delanclip.jpg|none|alt=Alt text|DelanClip
File:Trackir.jpg|thumb|TrackIR by Natural Point
File:Freetrack hat.jpg|thumb|A Freetrack IR hat build
</gallery>

====Delanclip====

[https://https://delanengineering.com/ Delanclip] is a low cost solution that uses 3 IR LEDs attached to a metal bracket that attaches to your headset (instead of Trackhat which as the name implies attaches to a hat or cap). It rivals the performance provided by TrackIR itself (being just shy in tracking quality, [https://delanengineering.com/manual/facetracknoir/ although a bit more difficult to setup but with an excellent guide]), with no discernable performance drawback in bright light environments. For the price (costs around 40 EUR) vs. performance it offers it beats out TrackIR, and as such offers a good head tracking beginner set. Delanclip also manufactures a wireless clip that removes the need to be anchored to the PC via an USB wire providing power, supposedly delivering up to 8 hours of head tracking on a battery charge.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://delanengineering.com/products/ Delanclip Overview]</div> (approximately 40 EUR)

====TrackIR (by Natural Point)====

TrackIR is a commercial solution by [https://www.amazon.com/TrackIr-Optical-Tracking-System-Bundle/dp/B00KQPETHO/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1547843565&sr=8-2&keywords=trackir+5 Natural Point Inc]. It is the most costly of all the head tracking options but is also quite simple to install and has a large (the largest) selection of games that natively support it, thanks to being the most well established head tracking solution on the market.

TrackIR is also a great option because it has a processor built in to the tracking unit, which means that all data processing and head movement translation calculating is done on the device itself: this means there is no performance hit on your system as this data is streamed into the TrackIR software. Other systems such as Delanclip and Trackhat instead calculate these values on the PC itself via their software, which means there is a (minor) performance hit (somewhere around 0 ~ 5%) as the system has to allocate resources to calculate these values.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0029M6VKA/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B0029M6VKA&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=7780c93e19219802aaf7bb10d8795a77 Get Prices on a trackIR v5]</div> (Generally speaking they run around $120 - $150)

====TrackHat====

[https://trackhat.org TrackHat] is a middle ground option between DIY solutions such as FreeTrack, and the premium head tracking such as TrackIR. TrackHat utilises a bespoke version of OpenTrack and 3D printed clips along with pre-configured PS3 Eye cameras to provide exceptional tracking for the price (around £35 GBP). While not as good as TrackIR (TrackHat suffers a bit when you have a bright background) it certainly has more bang for buck and is a perfect starter head tracking solution.

<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://trackhat.org/shop/ Get Prices on TrackHat]</div> (around $40 for everything you need)

----

===Headtracking software===

<br />

====FaceTrackNOIR====
[http://facetracknoir.sourceforge.net/ FaceTrackNOIR] is an open source software solution using off the shelf hardware. But instead of tracking a cap / headset with 3 known points it uses facial recognition to follow the players face, thus allowing it to work standalone (in theory). This method has the lowest cost of entry (as you only need a basic webcam), however it is the least accurate and some users have issues getting it to work. Your mileage may vary.

====FaceTrackNOIR PointTracker Plugin====
[http://ftnoirpt.sourceforge.net/ FTNoIR PointTracker] is an open source addition to the FaceTrackNOIR system. Instead of using facial recognition, this plugin uses 3 point tracking similar to FreeTrack. FTNoIR PointTracker was developed as a stable alternative to FreeTrack (which has stability issues on some newer systems and does not appear to be actively developed anymore).

[[Configuring FTNoIR PointTracker]]

====OpenTrack====
[https://github.com/opentrack/opentrack/wiki OpenTrack] is the newest contender in the Headtracking software world and is an open-source piece of software (actively developed on Github). Although not as thoroughly vetted as FaceTrackNOIR (+ PointTracker plugin) or the TrackIR software, it does show great promise and we have heard a number of optimistic user stories about it, so feel free to give it a go!

====FreeTrack====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeTrack FreeTrack] is an open source head tracking application using off the shelf hardware. It performs equally as well as TrackIR when properly configured for a fraction of the cost. However, assembly of the LED model requires soldering/electronics skills and the initial configuration can be time consuming. Additionally, a webcam must be permanently modified by removing its internal IR filter, and should be factored into cost. Overall FreeTrack is a cheaper "Do It Yourself" alternative to TrackIR.

See our guide for [[Building a Freetrack Rig]].

----

==Joysticks and throttles==

[[File:Thrustmaster Launches the HOTAS WARTHOG Joystick.jpg|thumb|The Thrustmaster HOTAS WARTHOG Joystick|left]]
====Thrustmaster HOTAS Warthog====

The [https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B004I5XB4K/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B004I5XB4K&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=2698f883ab4af722f4e2c84c6529b970 Thrustmaster HOTAS Warthog] is the premiere [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HOTAS HOTAS] joystick and throttle for DCS: A10. It was modeled from the real stick and throttle from the A10C and is constructed from metal weighing in at 14 pounds. You can expect to pay between $450 to $500 USD for one new making it one of the most expensive peripherals out however it is a quality piece of hardware. Used Warthogs can be found for around $350 to $400 however they sell quickly.
<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B004I5XB4K/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B004I5XB4K&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=2698f883ab4af722f4e2c84c6529b970 Get Prices on a HOTAS Warthog]</div> You can also just get the stick or throttles separately if you find a good used deal.

====Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas====
The [https://www.amazon.co.uk/Thrustmaster-T-16000M-FCS-Hotas-PC/dp/B01H6KXGDY Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas] is arguably one of the best bang for buck HOTAS systems one can buy, as the internals of joystick are the exact same as those used in the Thrustmaster HOTAS Warthog. There is a vast amount of bindable buttons (very useful for complex aircraft) and the powerful T.A.R.G.E.T script editor which can be used to achieve all manor of advanced setups.
<div class="btn btn-primary">[https://www.amazon.com/ThrustMaster-2960778-Thrustmaster-T16000M-HOTAS/dp/B01KCHPRXA Get Prices on the Thrustmaster T.16000M FCS Hotas]</div> You can also just get the stick or throttle separately if you find a good used deal

====Saitek X52 and X52 Pro====
The middle of the road joysticks and the most recommended by players. The non Pro variant can be obtained for about $100 new with the Pro version clocking in at around $130. The Pro is constructed from better materials and is the currently manufactured model. For players on a budget it is recommended to find one of these used either locally, on eBay, or through the Amazon Used listings. Profiles are widely available that closely reproduce the control scheme of the real joystick.

You can find a profile thanks to [http://www.reddit.com/user/Ironystrike Iron] [here]; details for each aircraft with his profile can be found [http://wiki.hoggit.us/view/Joystick_Profiles here].

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LZ1MQTL/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LZ1MQTL&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=b3432e9f6ecd145c9cd9b1469aaae968 Get Prices on an X-52 PRO]</div> - About $50 more but much higher build quality

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LY285ZH/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LY285ZH&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=51b9c21a9d5ac0def659bce4eb274a46Get Prices on an X-52 PRO]</div> - Tried and true, still in service among many Hoggiteers, no easier way to get fully into the sim.

==Rudder Pedals==
[[File:61MPZbU0SZL. AA1280 .jpg|thumb|Saitek Pro Flight Rudder Pedals]]
Depending on who you talk to rudder pedals are completely optional. However if you buy a joystick that does not have a twist axis for rudder control you will need a pair for control.

====Saitek Pro Flight Rudder Pedals====
These are generally well reviewed and come in at around $100 USD from many online retailers. They are an all plastic construction and connect via USB.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01LYPMTPT/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01LYPMTPT&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=1eef4d66a2c45efb4f05f801878c83ec Get Prices on PRO Flight series pedals]</div>

====Saitek PRO Flight Combat Rudder Pedals ====
These are similar to the above but better constructed with metal instead of plastic. They do however run a fair bit more at around $170 USD.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B005CMOV06/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B005CMOV06&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=fd21edc999ae8caefabcc223702fd846 Get Prices on Flight Combat series pedals]</div>

====CH PRODUCTS Pro Pedals====
These pedals are also well reviewed and may be better constructed than the Saitek Pro Flight pedals. They also run around $100 USD.

<div class="btn btn-primary">
[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0000512IE/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B0000512IE&linkCode=as2&tag=hoggitworld-20&linkId=5cfb1535cbfa45eb20321c7aa82817ff Get prices on CH Products Pro's]</div>

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